The BBC School Broadcasting Council and the Education System 1935–1971

This article seeks to establish connections between histories of education and media by examining long-term institutional and structural factors. In order to establish a role for broadcasting in schools, the BBC formed a relationship with the educational world through advisory machinery called the Central Council for School Broadcasting (CCSB), later reconstituted as the School Broadcasting Council (SBC). In the key period of school broadcasting’s development, between 1935 and 1971, the CCSB/SBC was unable to forge a strong relationship with the educational world. Internally, the BBC assumed control of school broadcasting at the expense of the CCSB/SBC. Developments in the early 1960s raised the possibility of fundamental reform. However this was prevented by factors including government policy on both school curricula and broadcasting, and indifference on the part of educationists. This article is largely based on unpublished archive documents

What we can learn from magnetic Compton scattering : application to the determination of spin polarization

Studies of spin-resolved electron momentum densities involve the measurement of the so-called magnetic Compton profile. This is a one-dimensional projection of the electron momentum distribution of only those electrons that contribute to the spin moment of a sample. The technique is applicable to ferri- and ferromagnetic materials. The profile is obtained via the inelastic 'Compton' scattering of high energy X-rays. Since electrons originating from different atomic orbitals have specific momentum densities, it is often possible to determine the origin of the magnetism present. Typically, interpretation requires the use of electronic structure calculations using molecular orbital and band structure approaches. Here, we highlight the application of the technique to the determination of the Fermi level spin polarization, the knowledge of which is important to the development of novel spintronic materials

A Feather on One Side, A Brick on the Other: Tilting the Scale Against Males Accused of Sexual Assault in Campus Disciplinary Proceedings

On April 4, 2011, the Department of Education\u27s Officeof Civil Rights issued a Dear Colleague letter regardingTitle JX\u27s applicability to sexual violence on collegecampuses. This letter was sent to every college oruniversity receiving federal funding and instructedrecipients on how to meet their legal obligations. Some ofthe most important changes in the letter pertained to howschools must conduct their grievance procedures inadjudicatingsexual assault claims. First, the 2011 letterrequires that schools use a preponderance of the evidencestandard to determine the accused\u27s guilty or innocence. Second, the letter strongly discourages schools fromallowing the parties personally to question or cross-examine each other during the proceedings. Third, if aschool uses an appeals process, the letter requires thisprocedure be available for both the accused and theaccuser, meaning the accused could face the sameaccusation in disciplinary proceedings twice. This Notefirst establishes that students facing charges in suchcampus disciplinary proceedings have a right to dueprocess. The Note then argues that the latest OCRguidance for Title IX compliance does not afford accusedstudents sufficient procedural due process protections.Lastly, this Note suggests that, given the significant libertyinterests at stake in campus disciplinary proceedingsinvolving sexual assault charges, due process requires thatguilt be established by at least clear and convincingevidence, that accused students have an opportunity toquestion or cross-examine their accusers, and thataccusers should not be allowed to appeal an unfavorableoutcome

Artificial neural network prediction of weld distortion rectification using a travelling induction coil

An experimental investigation has been carried out to determine the applicability of an induction heating process with a travelling induction coil for the rectification of angular welding distortion. The results obtained from experimentation have been used to create artificial neural network models with the ability to predict the welding induced distortion and the distortion rectification achieved using a travelling induction coil. The experimental results have shown the ability to reduce the angular distortion for 8 mm and 10 mm thick DH36 steel plate and effectively eliminate the distortion on 6 mm thick plate. Results for 6 mm plate also show the existence of a critical induction coil travel speed at which maximum corrective bending occurs. Artificial neural networks have demonstrated the ability to predict the final distortion of the plate after both welding and induction heating. The models have also been used as a tool to determine the optimum speed to minimise the resulting distortion of steel plate after being subjected to both welding and induction heating processes

Rayleigh scattering, mode coupling, and optical loss in silicon microdisks

High refractive index contrast optical microdisk resonators fabricated from silicon-on-insulator wafers are studied using an external silica fiber taper waveguide as a wafer-scale optical probe. Measurements performed in the 1500 nm wavelength band show that these silicon microdisks can support whispering-gallery modes with quality factors as high as 5.2 x 10^5, limited by Rayleigh scattering from fabrication induced surface roughness. Microdisks with radii as small as 2.5 microns are studied, with measured quality factors as high as 4.7 x 10^5 for an optical mode volume of 5.3 cubic wavelengths in the material.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; contains minor correction to doublet splitting theor

On the Ground Validation of Online Diagnosis with Twitter and Medical Records

Social media has been considered as a data source for tracking disease. However, most analyses are based on models that prioritize strong correlation with population-level disease rates over determining whether or not specific individual users are actually sick. Taking a different approach, we develop a novel system for social-media based disease detection at the individual level using a sample of professionally diagnosed individuals. Specifically, we develop a system for making an accurate influenza diagnosis based on an individual's publicly available Twitter data. We find that about half (17/35 = 48.57%) of the users in our sample that were sick explicitly discuss their disease on Twitter. By developing a meta classifier that combines text analysis, anomaly detection, and social network analysis, we are able to diagnose an individual with greater than 99% accuracy even if she does not discuss her health.Comment: Presented at of WWW2014. WWW'14 Companion, April 7-11, 2014, Seoul, Kore

Introduction: performing the self: women's lives in historical perspective

Katie Barclay and Sarah Richardso

On the Ground Validation of Online Diagnosis with Twitter and Medical Records

Social media has been considered as a data source for tracking disease. However, most analyses are based on models that prioritize strong correlation with population-level disease rates over determining whether or not specific individual users are actually sick. Taking a different approach, we develop a novel system for social-media based disease detection at the individual level using a sample of professionally diagnosed individuals. Specifically, we develop a system for making an accurate influenza diagnosis based on an individual's publicly available Twitter data. We find that about half (17/35 = 48.57%) of the users in our sample that were sick explicitly discuss their disease on Twitter. By developing a meta classifier that combines text analysis, anomaly detection, and social network analysis, we are able to diagnose an individual with greater than 99% accuracy even if she does not discuss her health.Comment: Presented at of WWW2014. WWW'14 Companion, April 7-11, 2014, Seoul, Kore

GPs' decisions about prescribing end-of-life anticipatory medications: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: GPs have a central role in decisions about prescribing anticipatory medications to help control symptoms at the end of life. Little is known about GPs' decision-making processes in prescribing anticipatory medications, how they discuss this with patients and families, or the subsequent use of prescribed drugs. AIM: To explore GPs' decision-making processes in the prescribing and use of anticipatory medications for patients at the end of life. DESIGN AND SETTING: A qualitative interview study with GPs working in one English county. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 13 GPs. Interview transcripts were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three themes were constructed from the data: something we can do, getting the timing right, and delegating care while retaining responsibility. Anticipatory medications were a tangible intervention GPs felt they could offer patients approaching death (something we can do). The prescribing of anticipatory medications was recognised as a harbinger of death for patients and their families. Nevertheless, GPs preferred to discuss and prescribe anticipatory medications weeks before death was expected whenever possible (getting the timing right). After prescribing medications, GPs relied on nurses to assess when to administer drugs and keep them updated about their use (delegating care while retaining responsibility). CONCLUSION: GPs view anticipatory medications as key to symptom management for patients at the end of life. The drugs are often presented as a clinical recommendation to ensure patients and families accept the prescription. GPs need regular access to nurses and rely on their skills to administer drugs appropriately. Patients' and families' experiences of anticipatory medications, and their preferences for involvement in decision making, warrant urgent investigation.National Institute for Health Research NIHR School for Primary Care Research. National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration East of England