Analytical framework and data for a municipal solid waste environmental performance assessment

This article contains (i) a set of spreadsheets with data compiled from municipal sanitation or solid waste plans, and (ii) data of the individual and aggregate performance indicators. These indicators have been published in the Journal of Cleaner Production in the article entitled “A municipal solid waste indicator for environmental impact: assessment and identification of best management practices.” The data contained in the spreadsheets are divided as follows: worksheet 1 includes the municipal solid waste generation data from the Brazilian municipalities studied; worksheet 2 presents the individual indicators that form the aggregate indicator; worksheet 3 presents the aggregate indicator and the classification of the municipalities; worksheet 4 provides data correlation; worksheets 5 to 10 depict boxplot graphs of the data; and worksheets 11 to 14 present graphs of individual indicators on a per capita basis and the ranking of municipalities.Fil: Deus, Rafael M.. Universidade Estadual São Paulo; BrasilFil: Mele, Fernando Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología. Departamento de Ingeniería en Procesos y Gestión Industrial; Argentina. Universidade Estadual São Paulo; BrasilFil: Bezerra, Barbara Stolte. Universidade Estadual São Paulo; BrasilFil: Battistelle, Rosane Aparecida Gomes. Universidade Estadual São Paulo; Brasi

The supply chain structure for Bioenergy production based on the principles of Circular Economy

O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e sistematizar artigos acadêmicos relacionados ao gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos para a produção de bioenergia, alinhando-os aos conceitos da economia circular. Os estudos mais relevantes identificados foram classificados e categorizados em cinco dimensões. Pode-se concluir que as estratégias de circularidade trazem benefícios para a organização, fornecedores e clientes. Como resultado, foi possível identificar três gaps principais. O primeiro, concentra-se nas interrupções no fluxo de biomassa em função da sazonalidade das culturas agrícolas. O segundo no custo logístico do transporte principalmente dos resíduos urbanos e o terceiro, na complexidade no dimensionamento e na utilização da biomassa em grande escala e por consequência, na falta de capacidade de resposta externa às demandas dos clientes. A principal contribuição desta pesquisa está relacionada às recomendações que fornecem oportunidades para futuras pesquisas.The present study has the purpose of identify and systematize academic papers related to the management of the supply chain for the production of bioenergy, aligning them with the circular economy concepts. The most relevant papers identified were classified and categorized into five dimensions. It can be concluded that the circularity strategies bring benefits to the organization, suppliers and customers. As result, it was possible to identify three main gaps. First, focuses on biomass interruption of flow for each season of agricultural crops. The second in logistic costs of transportation mainly of urban waste and the third, complexity in the dimensioning and use of biomass on large scale and therefore, in lack of external response capacity to clients 'demands. The main contribution of this research is related to recommendations that provide opportunities for future research

Practices of circular economy in construction - what is and where are we going

A construção civil é um dos setores que mais movimentam a economia de um país, porém, em contrapartida, é uma das atividades que mais geram impactos negativos sobre o meio ambiente. Dessa forma, é importante estudar métodos de construção mais sustentáveis e que gerem menos impactos ao meio ambiente. A economia circular é uma abordagem que tenta vislumbrar o processo de produção e as suas cadeias de suprimento num ciclo fechado enfatizando o impacto ambiental em cada um dos seus elos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar boas práticas de economia circular na construção civil a fim de diminuir o impacto que essa atividade causa ao meio ambiente. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura na base de dados Scopus, onde foram identificados 101 artigos. A intenção foi mapear como o assunto economia circular na construção civil vem sendo tratado, destacando boas práticas já realizadas por alguns países no setor, e identificando lacunas para direcionamento de pesquisas futuras sobre o tema.Civil construction is one of the sectors that most moves the economy of a country, but, on the other hand, is one of the activities that generate the most negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, it is important to study more sustainable construction methods that generate less impact to the environment. Circular economics is an approach that attempts to glimpse the production process and its supply chains in a closed cycle emphasizing the environmental impact at each of its links. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify good practices of circular economy in civil construction in order to reduce the impact that this activity causes to the environment. To reach the proposed goal, a systematic review of the literature was carried out in the Scopus database, where 101 articles were identified. The intention was to map how the subject circular economy in the civil construction has been treated, highlighting good practices already carried out by some countries in the sector, and identifying gaps to guide future research on the subject

Traffic signals: technical management, perception of performance, timing

Neste trabalho são enfocados três aspectos relacionados com a operação de semáforos: gestão técnica, percepção do desempenho e duração dos tempos. No tocante à gestão técnica, é discutida sua importância em ser realizada de maneira adequada e é investigada a situação das cidades do país em relação à questão. A conclusão é que a situação da gestão semafórica nas cidades do país mostra-se bastante precária, com exceção de algumas grandes cidades. Com relação à percepção do desempenho das interseções semaforizadas, é pesquisada a percepção de motoristas do país quanto ao nível de serviço em semáforos isolados e em grupo de semáforos próximos dispostos ao longo de uma via, considerando os dois parâmetros determinantes da qualidade da operação: a demora e o número de paradas; e analisados os resultados obtidos à luz dos padrões estabelecidos no HCM-2000 e no HCM-1985. A conclusão é que os motoristas brasileiros se mostram mais tolerantes em relação a valores do HCM-2000. No que tange ao aspecto duração dos tempos, são investigadas as razões das programações de tempo empíricas utilizadas na prática, terem alguns resultados satisfatórios. São ainda apresentadas regras simples para a programação de tempos que permitam operar os semáforos com um desempenho aceitável quando não se dispõe de dados e/ou de conhecimento técnico adequado.This work emphasizes three aspects related to traffic signals operation: technical management, perception of performance and signal timing. About technical management, it discusses the importance of a good management and evaluates the situation around the country. The conclusion is that management of traffic signals at brazilian cities is poor, with some exceptions at large cities. In relation to perception of performance, it researches country drivers perceptions related to level of service at single signalized intersections and group of signalized intersections, considering two parameters that determinate the quality of operation: delay and the number of stops; the results were analyzed and compared with the standard values of HCM-2000 and HCM-1985. It was found that brazilian drivers have more tolerance to the standard values of HCM-2000. About the signal timing, there were investigated the reasons of why empirical techniques used in practice at signalized intersections had some satisfactory results. In addition, it presents simple rules for timing traffic signals that will due an acceptable performance when the city does not have enough data, resources or specific technical knowledge

The adoption of the circular economy in the management of organic waste: an overview of main barriers

As demandas de recursos estão aumentando devido ao alto crescimento da população no mundo. A Economia Circular (EC) surgiu como uma alternativa em busca da tão visada sustentabilidade. Embora o interesse pelo assunto esteja crescendo rapidamente, a transição para a EC no gerenciamento de resíduos orgânicos é dificultada por barreiras que devem ser encontradas e superadas para lidar com esse tipo de resíduo. O artigo tem como objetivo elencar barreiras para implementação da Economia Circular na gestão de resíduos orgânicos. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi a análise de conteúdo. A amostra é composta por 183 artigos extraídos das bases de dados Web of Science Core Collection e Scopus. Neste estudo, 18 barreiras são identificadas e agrupadas em 5 categorias. A partir dos resultados, fica evidente que entre as diversas partes interessadas, as políticas públicas e incentivos governamentais teriam o máximo impacto positivo na implementação da economia circular, nas políticas de gestão ambiental e por sua vez na gestão dos resíduos orgânicos.The resource demands are increasing due to the high population growth in the world. The Circular Economy (CE) has emerged as an alternative in search of the so aimed sustainability. Although interest in the subject is growing rapidly the transition to EC in organic waste management is hampered by barriers that must be met and overcome to deal with this type of waste. The article aims to list barriers to implementation of Circular Economy in organic waste management. The research method used was content analysis. The sample consists of 183 articles extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases. In this study, 18 barriers are identified and grouped into 5 categories. From the results, it is evident that among the various stakeholders, public policies and government incentives would have the maximum positive impact in the implementation of the circular economy, in environmental management policies and in turn in the management of organic waste

Is the environmental policies procedures a barrier to development of inland navigation and port management? A case of study in Brazil

The main objective of this article is to discuss the Brazilian environmental legislation and policies towards the development of navigation and port management. The research illustrated some difficulties faced by the country and make suggestions to overcome it. The construction of the environmental legal framework began in the early 1960s and resulted in a very complex system, as a consequence of policies adopted by the country. Nowadays Brazilian environmental policies are developed in democratic and participative way, although with elevated degree of bureaucracy and lack of integration among the several governmental agencies, which makes the approval of environmental certifications demand several years for new port projects or improvements, which delays the economic development of the country. Efforts have been made to simplify the licensing process. As result of this research two flowchart for environmental licenses of ports installation are shown: The first shows the process until 2009 and the second shows the process nowadays. This become an important issue due the fact that inland navigation is one of the less pollutant modes of transportation, and although, the process of environmental certification was simplified, if compare with 2009, it is still complex and time-consuming, delaying the development of the infrastructure. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd

Unfolding barriers for urban mobility plan in small and medium municipalities – A case study in Brazil

This paper investigated barriers for the design and implementation of Urban Mobility Plans in small and medium-sized cities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. To achieve this objective an exploratory survey was carried out with specialists involved in the urban planning processes of such cities. A total of 22 barriers were listed, and, using the Keiser criterion, these barriers were grouped into seven factors: (1) resources availability; (2) practical and technological; (3) city characteristics; (4) budget constrains; (5) social and cultural; (6) organizational; and (7) lack of infrastructure for sustainable vehicles; a grouping that, in general, was similar to those found in the literature. The first main barrier encountered in the municipalities analyzed were difficulties in finding mobility solutions that adequately meet all stakeholders’ needs, followed by budget constraints for implementing actions toward more sustainable transport modes. Even though the complexity of the actors involved is seen as one of the main barriers to urban planning, it is still necessary to effectively involve the population in the decision-making process, so that all needs are considered, and consensual solutions are reached. Through the Spearman correlation method, other barriers closely associated with the first main barrier were reconciling the mobility needs of the population with the already existing infrastructure and preference for motor vehicles. For the second main barrier, other closely correlated variables were insufficient data collection for the preparation of urban mobility plans and lack of qualified workforce within municipal agencies to both elaborate and implement the actions contained in the plans. These correlations suggest that a deficient budget hinders the development of sustainable urban mobility in several stages of the process, including the diagnosis phase (data collection)

Road safety: implications for sustainable development in Latin America

Road accidents cause more deaths than homicides in Latin America, nevertheless it is not highlighted as a major concern by media and society. World Health Organization put this issue in high priority by releasing the Decade of Action in Road Safety that establishes five pillars to guide national road safety plans and activities. This paper addresses the drawbacks in the implementation of these actions in Latin American countries and its implications to achieve a sustainable development. The main concerns are: lack of empowerment of the road safety management organisations; lower vehicular standards; corruption related to the enforcement of traffic safety laws to and to the construction of safer roads; absence of safety vehicular inspections; vehicle fleet increase, decrease of public transportation demand; and the absence of a safety culture. Without facing these problems, sustainable development in Latin America will be impaired, once road safety is a fundamental link to achieve sustainability

THE PARADOX BETWEEN MANUAL AND DIGITAL PROCESSES - A LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF OFFSET PAPER AT A BRAZILIAN UNIVERSITY

A digitização, transformar processos manuais em digitais, é uma tendência na atualidade e há indícios de que seja uma opção para auxiliar no alcance de metas ambientais, especialmente nas Universidades; substituindo processos manuais com o uso do papel offset por processos digitais. Diante disso, esta pesquisa analisou o impacto ambiental do consumo de papel A4 offset na Faculdade de Engenharia da Unesp em Bauru (FEB), por meio da Análise do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), após a implantação da digitização de processos, no período da Pandemia do COVID-19. Os principais resultados indicam que a redução do consumo de papel offset colaborou para a diminuição em 74% sobre os impactos nas mudanças climáticas, ecotoxicidade da água doce e consumo de energia na Faculdade analisada.Digitization, transforming manual processes into digital ones, is a current trend and there are indications that it is an option to help achieve environmental goals, especially at Universities; replacing manual processes with the use of offset paper by digital processes. In view of this, this research analyzed the environmental impact of the consumption of A4 offset paper at the Faculty of Engineering of Unesp in Bauru (FEB), through the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), after the implementation of the digitization of processes, in the period of COVID-19 pandemic. The main results indicate that the reduction in offset paper consumption contributed to a 74% decrease in impacts on climate change, freshwater ecotoxicity and energy consumption in the analyzed Faculty