РОССИЙСКИЙ ПЕДИАТРИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ ПО ОЦЕНКЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИМИГЛЮЦЕРАЗЫ ДЛЯ ДОЛГОСРОЧНОЙ ФЕРМЕНТНОЙ ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЬНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ БОЛЕЗНИ ГОШЕ 1-ГО ТИПА У ДЕТЕЙ

Background: Today the gold standard for the treatment of Gaucher’s disease (GD) is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) which allows to stop the main clinical manifestations of the disease and to improve the quality of life in patients. In Russian pediatric practice, there are no publications which assess the effects of long-term ERT in children with GD type 1.Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of imiglucerase for the treatment of Gaucher’s disease of type 1 in child population of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods: An evaluation of the effectiveness of enzyme replacement therapy was carried out by analyzing the monitoring data of 60 patients who were entered in the Russian pediatric registry of Gaucher disease at the National Scientific and Practical Center for Children’s Health for the period 2013−2016. Patients received continuous infusions of imiglucerase at a dose of 30−60 U/kg/2 weeks. Among of 60 children with Gaucher’s disease type 1, in 35 (group I) were recorded the dynamics of clinical and laboratory-instrumental indices during three years of therapy and in 25 (group II) ― an assessment of changes in quality of life parameters according to the PedsQL questionnaire within one year of treatment.Results: In group I, statistically significant changes for all key parameters (p0.001) were detected: median hemoglobin level and platelet count increased from 106 to 128 g/l and from 85 to 165×109/l, respectively; median chitotriosidase level decreased from 8303 to 1680 nmol/h/mL; median linear size of length and width of the spleen decreased by 54.5% and 40.0%, respectively, and the right lobe of the liver by 15%; parameters of physical development (height and weight) improved and median bone mineral density Z-score for the lumbar spine increased from -1.3 to -0.3. In group II: basing on the answers of children and parents, a statistically significant improvement (p0,05) of physical, emotional, and social functioning and the total score of quality of life was observed in 17 children aged 5−18 years; according to the parents’ answers, the increase of physical functioning was detected in 8 children aged 2−4 years.Conclusions: The timely appointment of ERT with imiglucerase in adequate dose and the regular infusion regime allows achievement of the key points of the treatment within 3 years and significant improvement of the quality of life parameters in children with GD type 1 in a year.Обоснование. На современном этапе «золотым стандартом» лечения болезни Гоше является ферментная заместительная терапия (ФЗТ),  позволяющая купировать основные клинические проявления заболевания и улучшить качество жизни пациентов. В отечественной педиатрии не обнаружено исследований по оценке эффективности и безопасности длительной патогенетической терапии болезни Гоше 1-го типа у детей.Цель исследования ― оценить эффективность имиглюцеразы для лечения болезни Гоше 1-го типа у детей в Российской Федерации.Методы. Оценку эффективности ферментной заместительной терапии проводили путем анализа данных мониторинга 60 пациентов, занесенных в российский педиатрический регистр болезни Гоше на базе Национального медицинского исследовательского центра здоровья детей в период 2013−2016 гг. Пациенты в течение 2 нед получали непрерывные инфузии имиглюцеразы в дозе 30−60 ЕД/кг. У 35/60 (I группа) детей с болезнью Гоше 1-го типа проведен учет динамики клинических и лабораторно-инструментальных показателей в течение 3 лет терапии, у 25/60 (II группа) ― оценка изменения параметров качества жизни по данным вопросника PedsQL в течение одного года лечения.Результаты. У пациентов I группы отмечены статистически достоверные для всех показателей изменения (p0,001) в виде повышения концентрации гемоглобина (со 106 до 128 г/л) и количества тромбоцитов (с 85 до 165×109/л), снижения активности хитотриозидазы (с 8303 до 1680 нМ/мл в час), сокращения линейных размеров длины и ширины селезенки (на 54 и 40% соответственно), уменьшения правой доли печени (на 15%), улучшения параметров физического развития (линейный рост, масса тела) и повышения медианы Z-score минеральной плотности костной ткани (c -1,3 до -0,3). У 17/25 пациентов II группы (возраст 5−18 лет), по ответам детей и родителей, наблюдалось статистически достоверное повышение (p0,05) значений физического, эмоционального, социального функционирования и общего балла качества жизни, у 8/25 детей в возрасте 2−4 лет, по ответам родителей, ― повышение показателя физического функционирования.Заключение. Своевременно назначенная регулярная ФЗТ  имиглюцеразой при адекватном режиме дозирования позволяет в течение 3 лет достичь ключевых целей лечения и уже через 1 год значимо улучшить параметры качества жизни у детей c болезнью Гоше 1-го типа

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF ADMINISTRATION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATED VACCINES: PROBLEMS, PROGRESS, PERSPECTIVES

This article presents the review of results of International conference on pneumococcal conjugated vaccines. Main results of international experience in the field of control of pneumococcal infection spreading are analyzed. Authors present modern data of clinical and economic effectiveness and safety of pneumococcal conjugated vaccine RCV-7, and describe experience of administration of vaccines of next generation – PCV-10 and PCV-13.Key words: children, pneumococcal infections, prophylaxis, vaccines.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2009;8(1):130-134

VACCINATION OF CHILDREN WITH SEVERE CHRONIC DISEASES. ALGORITHM FOR THE IMMUNOLOGIST PHYSICIAN

An annual growth in the number of children with chronic pathologies is registered in the Russian Federation, as in the rest of the world. The disease universe is dominated by visceral, metabolic and motor function disorders. Despite the efforts to enhance healthcare services to children with severe pathologies, the issue of immunization against infections remains unresolved. There is currently an especially strong need to create robust individual immunity against managed infections for patients with chronic pathology, most of whom continue to be socially active. The key principle of the WHO’s Expanded Programme of Immunization for such patients is priority immunization. Children with severe chronic pathologies are vaccinated by an individual algorithm in several stages. Key words: vaccinal prevention, severe chronic pathologies, immunization. (Pediatric Pharmacology. – 2010; 7(6):16-21

VACCINATION OF CHILDREN WITH SEVERE CHRONIC DISEASES. ALGORITHM FOR THE IMMUNOLOGIST PHYSICIAN

An annual growth in the number of children with chronic pathologies is registered in the Russian Federation, as in the rest of the world. The disease universe is dominated by visceral, metabolic and motor function disorders. Despite the efforts to enhance healthcare services to children with severe pathologies, the issue of immunization against infections remains unresolved. There is currently an especially strong need to create robust individual immunity against managed infections for patients with chronic pathology, most of whom continue to be socially active. The key principle of the WHO’s Expanded Programme of Immunization for such patients is priority immunization. Children with severe chronic pathologies are vaccinated by an individual algorithm in several stages. Key words: vaccinal prevention, severe chronic pathologies, immunization. (Pediatric Pharmacology. – 2010; 7(6):16-21