Manifold Topology Divergence: a Framework for Comparing Data Manifolds

We develop a framework for comparing data manifolds, aimed, in particular, towards the evaluation of deep generative models. We describe a novel tool, Cross-Barcode(P,Q), that, given a pair of distributions in a high-dimensional space, tracks multiscale topology spacial discrepancies between manifolds on which the distributions are concentrated. Based on the Cross-Barcode, we introduce the Manifold Topology Divergence score (MTop-Divergence) and apply it to assess the performance of deep generative models in various domains: images, 3D-shapes, time-series, and on different datasets: MNIST, Fashion MNIST, SVHN, CIFAR10, FFHQ, chest X-ray images, market stock data, ShapeNet. We demonstrate that the MTop-Divergence accurately detects various degrees of mode-dropping, intra-mode collapse, mode invention, and image disturbance. Our algorithm scales well (essentially linearly) with the increase of the dimension of the ambient high-dimensional space. It is one of the first TDA-based practical methodologies that can be applied universally to datasets of different sizes and dimensions, including the ones on which the most recent GANs in the visual domain are trained. The proposed method is domain agnostic and does not rely on pre-trained networks

О ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ БЕНЧМАРКИНГА (КОРПОРАТИВНОЙ РАЗВЕДКИ) В МЕНЕДЖМЕНТЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ

About technology benchmarking (corporate intelligence) in the management of organization Benchmarking is an important part of the management of organization. It is aimed at study of the successful experience of various organizations and, first of all competitors, in order to improve on the basis of the information received by its own management and production of competitive products using a variety of sources. In the benchmarking directly use the instruments of corporate intelligence, which main purpose is information support of the activities of organizations.Бенчмаркинг - является важной составной частью менеджмента организации, Он направлен на изучение успешного опыта работы различных организаций и, прежде всего конкурентов, в целях совершенствования на основе полученных сведений собственного менеджмента и выпуска конкурентоспособной продукции. Используются самые различные источники. В бенчмаркинге напрямую используются инструменты корпоративной разведки, главной целью которой является информационное обеспечение деятельности организаций

Crisis Management and Communication Strategies: RUSAL’s Case

No company is immune to crisis situations, an affirmation which, despite its triviality, is undeniably true. However, from the early 2014, such statement may have become even more true to Russian corporations, as the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula gave start to rounds of economic sanctions that are still perpetrated today. Such measures, which were initiated in response to the Kremlin’s political maneuvers, have hit a number of Russian companies, and increased the degree of uncertainty in which they have to operate, as they see economic restriction’s impact not only on the business activity tangible factors—i.e., economic rewards, service, and performance—but also on intangible factors—i.e., image and reputation—as well. Crises are integral parts of all world systems, unfortunately. While they are a theoretically well-understood issue, in practice, crises are perceived as a very painful phenomenon. A crisis can be compared to riding a roller coaster. First, as we gain speed and climb up the tracks we are filled with a sense of joy and delight. These feelings are quickly replaced with anticipation, panic, and fear as the roller coaster plunges into the “abyss.

APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY BENCHMARKING (CORPORATE INTELLIGENCE) IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS

About technology benchmarking (corporate intelligence) in the management of organization Benchmarking is an important part of the management of organization. It is aimed at study of the successful experience of various organizations and, first of all competitors, in order to improve on the basis of the information received by its own management and production of competitive products using a variety of sources. In the benchmarking directly use the instruments of corporate intelligence, which main purpose is information support of the activities of organizations

Manifold Topology Divergence: a Framework for Comparing Data Manifolds

International audienceWe develop a framework for comparing data manifolds, aimed, in particular, towards the evaluation of deep generative models. We describe a novel tool, Cross-Barcode(P,Q), that, given a pair of distributions in a high-dimensional space, tracks multiscale topology spacial discrepancies between manifolds on which the distributions are concentrated. Based on the Cross-Barcode, we introduce the Manifold Topology Divergence score (MTop-Divergence) and apply it to assess the performance of deep generative models in various domains: images, 3D-shapes, time-series, and on different datasets: MNIST, Fashion MNIST, SVHN, CIFAR10, FFHQ, chest X-ray images, market stock data, ShapeNet. We demonstrate that the MTop-Divergence accurately detects various degrees of mode-dropping, intra-mode collapse, mode invention, and image disturbance. Our algorithm scales well (essentially linearly) with the increase of the dimension of the ambient high-dimensional space. It is one of the first TDA-based practical methodologies that can be applied universally to datasets of different sizes and dimensions, including the ones on which the most recent GANs in the visual domain are trained. The proposed method is domain agnostic and does not rely on pre-trained networks

Towards high-quality nitrogen-doped diamond single crystals for X-ray optics

In this manuscript, characterization of single-crystalline (111) plates prepared from type-Ib diamonds with a nitro­gen content of 100–150 ppm by means of high-resolution rocking-curve imaging (RCI) is reported. Contrary to common opinion regarding the intrinsically poor diffraction quality of type-I diamonds, RCI showed the presence of nearly defect-free areas of several millimetres squared in the central part of the diamond plates. The observed broadening of the rocking curves is a result of the cutting and polishing processes, causing strains around the edges of the plates and rare defects. An improvement of the preparation technique will thus allow single-crystalline diamond plates to be made for Laue and Bragg monochromators and beam splitters from type-Ib material with areas large enough to be used as optical elements at fourth-generation synchrotron facilities

Artificial Text Detection via Examining the Topology of Attention Maps

https://aclanthology.org/2021.emnlp-main.50/International audienceThe impressive capabilities of recent generative models to create texts that are challenging to distinguish from the human-written ones can be misused for generating fake news, product reviews, and even abusive content. Despite the prominent performance of existing methods for artificial text detection, they still lack interpretability and robustness towards unseen models. To this end, we propose three novel types of interpretable topological features for this task based on Topological Data Analysis (TDA) which is currently understudied in the field of NLP. We empirically show that the features derived from the BERT model outperform count-and neural-based baselines up to 10% on three common datasets, and tend to be the most robust towards unseen GPT-style generation models as opposed to existing methods. The probing analysis of the features reveals their sensitivity to the surface and syntactic properties. The results demonstrate that TDA is a promising line with respect to NLP tasks, specifically the ones that incorporate surface and structural information