Cancer incidence and mortality in Poland in 2020

Introduction. Morbidity due to malignant neoplasms has been growing steadily during the last three decades, and cancer has become the second most widespread cause of death. The aim of this article is to present a summary of the epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms in Poland in 2020.  Material and methods. In the following report, we present the latest estimates of morbidity and mortality from cancer in Poland in 2020–2022 and a wide range of information on the occurrence of registered cancer cases and deaths in 2020, according to sex, age, cancer site, or Polish administrative division. Cancer data was collected by the National Cancer Registry and the Central Statistical Office.  Results. The PNCR received information about 146,181 new cases and 99,871 thousand cancer deaths in 2020. Compared to the previous year, the number of cancer cases decreased by about 12,000 in both sexes.  Conclusions. An important phenomenon that appeared in 2020 was the COVID-19 pandemic. It more than likely significantly influenced cancer cases under-registration

Cancer incidence and mortality in Poland in 2020

Introduction. Morbidity due to malignant neoplasms has been growing steadily during the last three decades, and cancer has become the second most widespread cause of death. The aim of this article is to present a summary of the epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms in Poland in 2020.  Material and methods. In the following report, we present the latest estimates of morbidity and mortality from cancer in Poland in 2020–2022 and a wide range of information on the occurrence of registered cancer cases and deaths in 2020, according to sex, age, cancer site, or Polish administrative division. Cancer data was collected by the National Cancer Registry and the Central Statistical Office.  Results. The PNCR received information about 146,181 new cases and 99,871 thousand cancer deaths in 2020. Compared to the previous year, the number of cancer cases decreased by about 12,000 in both sexes.  Conclusions. An important phenomenon that appeared in 2020 was the COVID-19 pandemic. It more than likely significantly influenced cancer cases under-registration

Geographical disparities in survival rates for urological cancers in Poland from 2000 to 2015

Introduction.In 2020 in Poland, urological cancers (testis, prostate, kidney, urinary bladder) accounted for 32% of cancer incidence among men and 5% among women. There has been an improvement in the survival rate for urological cancers in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine whether survival rates for urological cancers differ according to the region in Poland. Material and methods.Data on 5-year relative survival come from the Polish National Cancer Registry and cover the patients diagnosed during period 2000–2014. The analysis was performed for four locations of urological cancers: prostate (C61), testis (C62), kidney (C64) and bladder (C67). Differences in survival rates are presented on maps divided into 16 voivodships. Results.In the years 2000–2014, an increase in the 5-year survival rate of patients with urological cancer was recorded in Poland. A similar trend has been observed in other European countries, with the average survival rate of patients with prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancer being lower in Poland than in the EU. We characterise the geographical differences between survival and the sex of the patient. In prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers, the highest survival rate was recorded in the Pomeranian Voivodship, regardless of gender and period. Conclusions.In most of the analysed voivodships, survival rates for urological cancers increased in subsequent peri­ods. This is proof that health care in Poland is continuously improving. The level of public knowledge in Poland about urological cancers is still low. National-scale educational and preventive campaigns are needed to achieve a greater increase in 5-year survival rates in the coming years

Oral NAloxone to overcome the moRphine effect in acute COronary syndrome patients treated with TICagrelor — NARCOTIC trial

Background: Numerous worldwide clinical trials have proven the indisputably negative influence of morphine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of P2Y12 receptor inhibitors in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes. The aim of this trial was to evaluate whether oral co-administration of an anti-opioid agent, naloxone, can be considered a successful approach to overcome ‘the morphine effect’. Methods: Consecutive unstable angina patients receiving ticagrelor and morphine with or without orally administered naloxone underwent assessment of platelet reactivity using Multiplate analyzer as well as evaluation of the pharmacokinetic profile of ticagrelor and its active metabolite, AR-C124910XX, at nine pre-defined time points within the first 6 hours following oral intake of the ticagrelor loading dose. Results: The trial shows no significant differences regarding the pharmacokinetics of ticagrelor between both study arms throughout the study period. AR-C124910XX plasma concentration was significantly higher 120 min after the ticagrelor loading dose administration (p = 0.0417). However, the evaluation of pharmacodynamics did not show any statistically significant differences between the study arms. Conclusions: To conclude, this trial shows that naloxone co-administration in ticagrelor-treated acute coronary syndrome patients on concomitant treatment with morphine shows no definite superiority in terms of ticagrelor pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile

Morbidity and mortality trends of the most common cancers in 1990–2019. Poland's position compared to other European countries

Introduction.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the trends in morbidity and mortality of the selected cancer sites in Poland against other European countries. Material and methods.Countries for analysis were selected based on geographical location. Estimates of age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were calculated using the new European 2013 standard population. Lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers were chosen. Time trends for age-standardized rates were  analyzed using Jointpoint Regression software. Results.Poland differed from other analyzed countries mainly in terms of cancer mortality. Poland is a country with one of the smallest amounts of current expenses on health care per capita, which translates into one of the highest levels of cancer mortality in both women and men. Conclusions.Compared to other countries, Poland's cancer outcomes on population level are unsatisfactory. The situation may improve with the introduction of educational and screening programs

Morbidity and mortality trends of the most common cancers in 1990–2019. Poland’s position compared to other European countries

Introduction. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the trends in morbidity and mortality of the selected cancer sites in Poland against other European countries. Material and methods. Countries for analysis were selected based on geographical location. Estimates of age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were calculated using the new European 2013 standard population. Lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers were chosen. Time trends for age-standardized rates were analyzed using Joinpoint Re­gression software. Results. Poland differed from other analyzed countries mainly in terms of cancer mortality. Poland is a country with one of the smallest amounts of current expenditures on health care per capita, which translates into one of the highest levels of cancer mortality in both women and men. Conclusions. Compared to other countries, Poland’s cancer outcomes on population level are unsatisfactory. The si­tuation may improve with the introduction of educational and screening programs

Relationship between anti-DFS70 autoantibodies and oxidative stress

Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress. Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH (P =.038) and 11% lower concentration of UA (P =.005). TOS was 20% lower (P =.014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher (P =.037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity. Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes. © The Author(s) 2022. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Fadi Charchar” is provided in this record*

Relationship Between Anti-DFS70 Autoantibodies and Oxidative Stress

Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress. Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH (P =.038) and 11% lower concentration of UA (P =.005). TOS was 20% lower (P =.014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher (P =.037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity. Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes

A new approach to ticagrelor-based de-escalation of antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome. A rationale for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, investigator-initiated, multicenter clinical study

© 2021 Via Medica. This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The risk of ischemic events gradually decreases after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), reaching a stable level after 1 month, while the risk of bleeding remains steady during the whole period of dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT). Several de-escalation strategies of antiplatelet treatment aiming to enhance safety of DAPT without depriving it of its efficacy have been evaluated so far. We hypothesized that reduction of the ticagrelor maintenance dose 1 month after ACS and its continuation until 12 months after ACS may improve adherence to antiplatelet treatment due to better tolerability compared with the standard dose of ticagrelor. Moreover, improved safety of treatment and preserved anti-ischemic benefit may also be expected with additional acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) withdrawal. To evaluate these hypotheses, we designed the Evaluating Safety and Efficacy of Two Ticagrelor-based De-escalation Antiplatelet Strategies in Acute Coronary Syndrome — a randomized clinical trial (ELECTRA-SIRIO 2), to assess the influence of ticagrelor dose reduction with or without continuation of ASA versus DAPT with standard dose ticagrelor in reducing clinically relevant bleeding and main-taining anti-ischemic efficacy in ACS patients. The study was designed as a phase III, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, investigator-initiated clinical study with a 12-month follow-up.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio