Non-cytotoxic and bioactive nanocomposite film of natural Arabic gum incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles for bone tissue regeneration

Biomaterials with exceptional biocompatibility and bioactivity are now pushing the boundaries of bone tissue engineering. In this study, natural Arabic gum biopolymer incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NAG + TiO2NP) nanocomposite film was fabricated. The FTIR and XRD analysis show the presence of functional groups assigned to NAG biopolymers and highly crystalline anatase TiO2NP. Well dispersed TiO2NP can be seen from SEM micrograph suggesting good interaction between TiO2NP filler and NAG biopolymer matrix to enhance the mechanical characteristics of nanocomposite film. The NAG + TiO2NP nanocomposite film exhibited strong bioactivity to form bone-like apatite and promoted the proliferation of MG-63 cells attributed to their excellent biocompatibility and non-toxicity. The NAG + TiO2NP nanocomposite film also displays high antibacterial activity with (36.33 ± 1.53) mm and (27.00 ± 2.00) mm inhibition zone were recorded against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The findings indicate that the NAG + TiO2NP nanocomposite film, with its improved mechanical properties, high swelling capacity, biodegradability, and non-toxicity, shows promise as a viable option for bone tissue regeneration materials

Mechanical properties evaluation of metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis with new titanium-nickel memory alloy: a cadaver study

Abstract Objective Ni-Ti memory alloys are unusual materials for hard-tissue replacement because of their unique superelasticity, good biocompatibility, high strength, low specific gravity, low magnetism, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. The current study aims to evaluate its mechanical properties and provide biomechanical basis for the clinical application of the prosthesis. Methods Ten adult metacarpophalangeal joint specimens were randomly divided into a prosthesis group (n = 5, underwent metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis) and a control group (n = 5, underwent sham operation). Firstly, the axial compression strength was tested with BOSE material testing machine to evaluate its biomechanical strength. Secondly, these specimens were tested for strain changes using BOSE material testing machine and GOM non-contact optical strain measurement system to evaluate the stress changes. Thirdly, fatigue test was performed between groups. Lastly, the mechanical wear of the metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis was tested with ETK5510 material testing machine to study its mechanical properties. Results Axial compression stiffness in the prosthesis group was greater than that in the control group in terms of 30 ° and 60 ° flexion positions (P  0.05). In the fatigue wear test, the mean mass loss in the prosthesis group’s prosthesis was 17.2 mg and 17.619 mm3, respectively. The mean volume wear rate was 0.12%. There was no statistically significant difference in the maximum pull-out force of the metacarpal, phalangeal, and polymer polyethylene pads between the prosthesis group and the control group specimens. Conclusions Ni-Ti memory alloy metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis conforms to the biomechanical characteristics of metacarpophalangeal joints without implants, and the fatigue strength can fully meet the needs of metacarpophalangeal joint activities after joint replacement