Analysis of incidence of caesarean sections in primigravida

Background: Current study was conducted to determine the incidence of caesarean sections in primigravida.Methods: A total number of 1698 primigravidas were admitted in the department of DNB district hospital Ballari, out of which 501 primigravidas who underwent caesarean section were included in the study.Results: Caesarean section rate in primigravida was observed to be 29.5%, 55% of women were from rural areas and 45% from urban areas, 69.9% women belonged to lower class 31.1% belonged to upper middle class, 25% were illiterate while 75% were literate.Conclusions: Meta-analysis suggests that the occurrence of pregnancy complications differ according to fetal sex with a higher cardiovascular and metabolic load for the mother in the presence of a male fetus.

Fetal and maternal outcome in oligohydramnios pregnancy (37-40 weeks)

Background: This study is conducted to see the effects of oligohydramnios on both mother and fetus.Methods: 237 antenatal patients delivered at Department of DNB-OBG District hospital Bellari during January 2018 to December 2018 with gestational age between 37-40wks with AFI2.5 kg birth weight about 144 (60.75%) of cases.  New born with APGAR <7 @ 1 min seen in 36 cases (15.15%). Meconeum stained liquor seen in about 70 cases (29.5%).Conclusions: Oligohydramnios has significant correlation with increased Caesarean section for fetal distress. Oligohydramnios is associated with high rate of pregnancy complication and increased rate of NICU admission. Oligohydramnios is a frequent occurrence demanding careful evaluation, intensive fetal surveillance and proper antepartum and intrapartum care

Perinatal outcome of meconium stained amniotic fluid in pregnancy beyond 37 weeks

Background: To identify the frequency of meconium aspiration syndrome among the total births who suffered from meconium staining of amniotic fluid, to find out risk factors during pregnancy, therapies and various complications associated with this condition and their effects on perinatal outcome.Methods: This was a retrospective study of 252 antenatal patients delivered at Department of DNB-OBG District hospital Bellary during the year January 2019 to December 2019 with gestational age between 37-40 weeks with singleton pregnancies and cephalic presentation were included in the study.Results: The Caesarean section rate for fetal distress was 96.6% in patients with meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) was found in3.93% babies. APGAR score at 1 minute <7 was found in 25 cases (9.84%).Conclusions: Meconium stained amniotic fluid is associated with increased need for neonatal resuscitation, increased risk of birth asphyxia, meconium aspiration syndrome, hospital admission and mortality. So identification of pregnant woman at risk of passage of meconium during labour would allow intensive fetal surveillance and early intervention which might lead to reduction in neonatal adverse outcome

COVID-19 second wave deadlier than first in pregnant women: a comparative observational study and the COVID saga continues

Background: A two wave pattern has been seen in many countries in reported cases of corona virus disease-19 during the 2020 pandemic. Observed data show that the effects of the virus do vary between the two periods. Differences in severity of the disease have been reported, although the comparative characteristics of the two waves still remain largely unknown.Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study continuation of our first paper comparing 133 pregnant COVID-19 positive patients delivered at District Hospital, Bellary, in the first wave and 251 patients admitted during second wave.Results: In the present study 87.9% patients were in the age of 20-30 years, 90% patients belong to lower socio-economic status, mild anemia about 27.4% in second wave, moderate anemia seen in 16.7% in second wave, and 10.35% had severe anemia. Non-severe pre-eclampsia was present in 18.72% of the patients, severe pre-eclampsia was seen in 9.94% of the cases and 01.59% had gestational hypertension. Mode of delivery was 17.9% FTND, 3.77% FTVD emergency LSCS was 74.5% in second wave, and preterm delivery was seen in 3.77% in second wave. Elevated levels of D-dimer were found 34.6% in second wave. 14 deaths being reported in second wave.Conclusions: This study compared the obstetric and clinical outcome in COVID-19 positive patients who are in labor in first and second wave of COVID-19 infection. Although our conclusions are limited, the finding so obtained are important for understanding the clinical parameters, obstetric parameters and perinatal outcome in both waves with considerable increase in maternal mortality in second wave

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in pregnant women: an observational study

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emergency health delinquent, with increase in cases worldwide. Pregnant women with COVID-19 positive status are also on rise and reported complications that occur to them during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium accentuates the need for superior care.Methods: This is a prospective cross sectional observational study of 133 pregnant COVID-19 positive patients delivered at District Hospital, Bellary, Karnataka during the period June 2020 to September 2020.Results: In the present study 87.9% were in age 20 to 30 years. 96.3% patients belong to lower socio-economic status. 4.5% patients had mild anaemia, 11.2% had moderate anaemia and 4.5% had severe anaemia. Non-severe pre-eclampsia was present in 11.2% of the patients, severe pre-eclampsia in 12% and 0.7% had gestational hypertension. Mode of delivery was 17.4% Full term normal delivery (FTND), 9% Full term vaginal delivery (FTVD), emergency Lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) in 67.7% cases and preterm delivery was seen in 4.5% of the cases. Elevated levels of D-dimer were found in 9.7% of the cases. One maternal death was reported in the study due to COVID-19 pneumonia.Conclusions: This study evaluates the obstetric and clinical outcome in COVID-19 positive patients who are in labor. Although our conclusions are limited, the findings obtained are important for understanding the clinical parameters, obstetric parameters and perinatal outcome

COVID-19 in pregnant women: a comparative observational study of pregnancy outcome in three waves of COVID-19 in district hospital, Ballari

Background: A three wave pattern of corona virus has been seen in many countries during the 2020 pandemic. Observed data show that the effects of the virus do vary between the three waves. Differences in severity of the disease have been reported, although the comparative characteristics of the three waves still remain largely unknown.Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study continuation of our first paper comparing 133 pregnant COVID- 19 positive patients in the first wave and 251 patients admitted during second wave and 92 patients in third wave who delivered at district hospital, Bellary.Results: In the present study 72.8% patients were in the age of 20-30 years, 85.87% patients belong to lower socio- economic status, mild anaemia about 32.6% in third wave, moderate anaemia seen in 10.8% in third wave, and 3.44% had severe anaemia. Non-severe pre-eclampsia was present in 10.8% of the patients, severe pre-eclampsia was seen in 6.52% of the cases and. Mode of delivery was 29.34% FTND, 3.26% FTVD emergency LSCS was 63.06% in third wave, and preterm delivery was seen in 4.34% in third wave. Elevated levels of D-dimer were found 25% in third wave. 0 deaths being reported in third wave.Conclusions: This study compared the obstetric and clinical outcome in COVID-19 positive patients who are in labor in first, second, and third wave of COVID-19 infection. Although our conclusions are limited, the finding so obtained are important for understanding the clinical parameters, obstetric parameters and perinatal outcome in three waves