50 research outputs found

    The Law of the Seabed

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    The Law of the Seabed offers a timely analysis of the most pressing legal questions raised by the use and protection of natural resources on and underneath the world’s seabeds. Readership: University students, lecturers, academics/researchers, governments, law-makers, negotiators, international organisations, NGOs, lobby organisations, practitioners, commercial and in-house lawyers

    Energy security concerns versus market harmony:The Europeanisation of capacity mechanisms

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    The impact of renewables on the energy markets-falling wholesale electricity prices and lower investment stability-are apparently creating a shortage of energy project financing, which in future could lead to power supply shortages. Governments have responded by introducing payments for capacity, alongside payments for energy being sold. The increasing use of capacity mechanisms (CMs) in the EU has created tensions between the European Commission, which encourages cross-country cooperation, and Member States that favour backup solutions such as capacity markets and strategic reserves. We seek to trace the influence of the European Commission on national capacity markets as well as learning between Member States. Focusing on the United Kingdom, France and Poland, the analysis shows that energy security concerns have been given more emphasis than the functioning of markets by Member States. Policy developments have primarily been domestically driven, but the European Commission has managed to impose certain elements, most importantly a uniform methodology to assess future supply security, as well as specific requirements for national capacity markets: interconnectors to neighbouring countries, demand side responses and continuous revision of CMs. Learning from other Member States’ experiences also play a role in policy decisions

    Retail Energy Markets Under Stress:Lessons Learnt for the Future of Market Design

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    The paper aims to address and provide some initial answers to the below research questions: How well have European retail electricity markets been coping with the current energy crisis? How have governments responded to increasing prices? What short-term measures can governments take to soften the impact of high energy prices? What long-term measures can governments take to protect consumers from high energy prices? What should be the role of the EU vs. the Member States? What legal constraints are imposed by EU directives and regulations? Do we need to regulate the risk exposure of suppliers? What are the options for doing this

    COOLCROWD – en veiledning for lokal folkefinansiering av klimatiltak i landbruket

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    Privacy-preserving transactive energy systems: Key topics and open research challenges

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    This manuscript aims to formalize and conclude the discussions initiated during the PriTEM workshop 22-23 March 2023. We present important ideas and discussion topics in the context of transactive energy systems. Moreover, the conclusions from the discussions articulate potential aspects to be explored in future studies on transactive energy management. Particularly, these conclusions cover research topics in energy technology and energy informatics, energy law, data law, energy market and socio-psychology that are relevant to the seamless integration of renewable energy resources and the transactive energy systems-in smart microgrids-focusing on distributed frameworks such as peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading. We clarify issues, identify barriers, and suggest possible solutions to open questions in diversified topics, such as block-chain interoperability, consumer privacy and data sharing, and participation incentivization. Furthermore, we also elaborate challenges associated with cross-disciplinary collaboration and coordination for transactive energy systems, and enumerate the lessons learned from our work so far

    The Consensus Coding Sequence (Ccds) Project: Identifying a Common Protein-Coding Gene Set for the Human and Mouse Genomes

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    Effective use of the human and mouse genomes requires reliable identification of genes and their products. Although multiple public resources provide annotation, different methods are used that can result in similar but not identical representation of genes, transcripts, and proteins. The collaborative consensus coding sequence (CCDS) project tracks identical protein annotations on the reference mouse and human genomes with a stable identifier (CCDS ID), and ensures that they are consistently represented on the NCBI, Ensembl, and UCSC Genome Browsers. Importantly, the project coordinates on manually reviewing inconsistent protein annotations between sites, as well as annotations for which new evidence suggests a revision is needed, to progressively converge on a complete protein-coding set for the human and mouse reference genomes, while maintaining a high standard of reliability and biological accuracy. To date, the project has identified 20,159 human and 17,707 mouse consensus coding regions from 17,052 human and 16,893 mouse genes. Three evaluation methods indicate that the entries in the CCDS set are highly likely to represent real proteins, more so than annotations from contributing groups not included in CCDS. The CCDS database thus centralizes the function of identifying well-supported, identically-annotated, protein-coding regions.National Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.) (Grant number 1U54HG004555-01)Wellcome Trust (London, England) (Grant number WT062023)Wellcome Trust (London, England) (Grant number WT077198
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