Proučavanje promjena frekvencije elektronskih sudara i apsorpcijskog koeficijenta u neizotropnoj atmosferi

The analytical form of absorption index appropriate to a certain range of height of the upper atmosphere plasma medium during ordinary wave propagation under quasi-transverse approximations has been utilized to develop an integral equation through Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method of solution. The integral equation is useful for the determination of effective electron collision frequency. Numerical results are presented graphically along with the results of some earlier work.Primjenjujemo analitički izraz za apsorpcijski koeficijent prikladan za širenje običnih elektromagnetskih valova u razmatranom rasponu visina gornje atmosferske plazme. Primijenili smo kvazi-poprečno približenje za izvod integralne jednadžbe pomoću Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouinove metode. Integralna jednadžba je pogodna za određivanje efektivne frekvencije elektronskih sudara. Načinili smo numeričke analize i ishodi se uspoređuju grafički s nekim ranijim rezultatima

Proučavanje promjena frekvencije elektronskih sudara i apsorpcijskog koeficijenta u neizotropnoj atmosferi

The analytical form of absorption index appropriate to a certain range of height of the upper atmosphere plasma medium during ordinary wave propagation under quasi-transverse approximations has been utilized to develop an integral equation through Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method of solution. The integral equation is useful for the determination of effective electron collision frequency. Numerical results are presented graphically along with the results of some earlier work.Primjenjujemo analitički izraz za apsorpcijski koeficijent prikladan za širenje običnih elektromagnetskih valova u razmatranom rasponu visina gornje atmosferske plazme. Primijenili smo kvazi-poprečno približenje za izvod integralne jednadžbe pomoću Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouinove metode. Integralna jednadžba je pogodna za određivanje efektivne frekvencije elektronskih sudara. Načinili smo numeričke analize i ishodi se uspoređuju grafički s nekim ranijim rezultatima

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Not AvailableThermostability of a live-attenuated peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine recently developed at Indian Veterinary Research Institute was studied using conventional lyophilization conditions. A total of four stabilizers viz., lactalbumin hydrolysate–sucrose (LS), Weybridge medium (WBM), buffered gelatin-sorbitol (BUGS) and trehalose dihydrate (TD) were used to prepare the lyophilized vaccine. The study revealed that the PPR vaccine lyophilized with either LS or TD is more stable than rest of the stabilizers having an expiry period of at least 45 days (so far studied) at 4 °C, 15–19 days at 25 °C and 1–2 days at 37 °C. However, at a temperature of 45 °C, BUGS had a marginal superiority, although lasted for few hours, followed by TD and LS with respect to shelf-life, LS and TD with respect to half-life. On the basis of half-life also LS followed by TD appeared superior at a temperature of 4, 25 and 37 °C. Reconstitution of vaccine with distilled water or 1 M MgSO4 or 0.85% NaCl maintained the required virus titre (2.5 log10 TCID50 per dose) up to 8 h at 37 °C and 7 h at 45 °C. Among the three diluents, 1 M MgSO4 appeared to be the better diluent for reconstitution of lyophilized PPR vaccine, as the loss on dilution was lowest and maintain the required virus titre for a longer period. Investigation suggests for using LS as stabilizer for lyophilization and 1 M MgSO4 as vaccine diluent for the newly developed PPR vaccine.Not Availabl

Superparamagnetic behavior of MOCVD grown ZnO:Co films

Temperature and field dependences of magnetization have been measured for Co-doped ZnO films with different Co content grown by MOCVD on sapphire substrates. Measured field dependences of magnetization show ferromagnetic-like hysteresis loops and paramagnetic contribution. Coercive field decreases with an increase of Co content and temperature. The difference between temperature dependences of magnetization measured in zero field cooling and field cooling conditions was observed in the temperature range from 2 K to 300 K indicating superparamagnetic behaviour of the films. The distribution of blocking temperatures extracted from the temperature dependences of magnetization is broad and shifts to the low blocking temperatures with an increase of Co conten

Superparamagnetic behavior of MOCVD grown ZnO:Co films

Temperature and field dependences of magnetization have been measured for Co-doped ZnO films with different Co content grown by MOCVD on sapphire substrates. Measured field dependences of magnetization show ferromagnetic-like hysteresis loops and paramagnetic contribution. Coercive field decreases with an increase of Co content and temperature. The difference between temperature dependences of magnetization measured in zero field cooling and field cooling conditions was observed in the temperature range from 2 K to 300 K indicating superparamagnetic behaviour of the films. The distribution of blocking temperatures extracted from the temperature dependences of magnetization is broad and shifts to the low blocking temperatures with an increase of Co conten