A STUDY ON WAVEBAND ROUTING OPTICAL NETWORKS EMPLOYING WAVEBAND SELECTIVE SWITCH-BASED CROSS-CONNECTS

A waveband cross-connect architecture is proposed, utilizing small-scale wavebandselective switches to make the best use of present optical switch technologies and exploit opticalwaveband switching for creating cost-effective large capacity optical path networks. Anappropriate network design algorithm is then developed for the waveband routing opticalnetworks employing the waveband cross-connect architecture. Numerical experiments prove thatapplying the small-scale waveband selective switch-based node architecture offers a significantswitch scale reduction. The effect of the waveband capacity selection on the overall switch scalereduction was also investigated

SCHEDULING FOR MASSIVE MIMO USING CHANNEL AIGING UNDER QOS CONSTRAINTS

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks support QoS (Quality of Service) by adding a new sublayer Service Data Adaption Protocol on the top of Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer to map between QoS flows and data radio bearers. In downlink for Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) flows, the gNB guarantees the Guaranteed Flow Bit Rate (GFBR) that defines the minimum bit rate the QoS flow can provide. So, one of the most important requirements is the minimum rate. The channel aiging helps to improve the sum-rate of Massive MIMO systems by serving more users to increase the spatial multiplexing gain without incurring additional pilot overhead. In this paper, a novel scheduler, termed QoS-Aware scheduling, is designed and proposed for Massive MIMO to use the channel aiging to increase the sum-rate but guarantee the minimum bit rate per user to support QoS. We investigate how many users are enough to serve to maximize the sum-rate while keeping the data rate per user meeting a given threshold. Through the numerical analysis we confirmed that QoS-Aware scheduling can guarantee a minimum rate per user and get a higher useful through-put (goodput) than conventional channel aiging schedulers

A Multi-Constraints Routing Scheme for MANET-assisted IoT in Smart Cities

The fifth-generation mobile network (5G) provides extreme throughput and extremely low latency, which enables the Internet of Things (IoT) era and a series of smart IoT ecosystems. The widespread equipping of Device-to-Device (D2D) modules for vehiculars allows transmitting directly between devices without relying on central devices such as access points or base stations. This is the foundation for the shaping of mobile ad hoc communications, so-called MANETs. The combination of MANETs and IoT technology has led to the development of MANET-assisted IoT applications, which offer unprecedented capabilities. However, due to the mobility of network nodes, routing is one of the main challenges in these networks. To address this problem, we propose a multi-constraints routing schema to enhance the performance of MANET-assisted IoT systems. Our simulation experiments show that the proposed solution significantly outperforms traditional routing solutions in terms of performance such as latency, packet delivery ratio, and throughput

An Improved Multi-Channel Multi-Interface Routing Protocol for Wireless Mesh Networks

In recent years, Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) are emerging as a potential technology to enhance the ability and availability of wireless networks. WMN consists of wireless mesh routers and terminals connected by wireless multi-hop communication. Besides, in WMN, each wireless node owns many interfaces, and each interface operates on many channels. However, effectively using multiple orthogonal channels and multiple interfaces to increase the performance of WMN and decrease the radio link transmission interference is of significant challenge. In this paper, we consider routing issues in WMN. Then, we proposed an on-demand routing protocol, adaptive multi-channel multi-interface operation, improved from the AODV protocol. This protocol is capable of effectively managing communication in the WMN and limited effects of co-channel interference. The simulation results on NS2 show that our proposed protocol improves throughput, delay and packet delivery rate compared to existing traditional protocols

A High-Performance Routing Protocol Based on Mobile Agent for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

This paper presents a modification of a well-known routing protocol, namely Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector, as a solution to improve the performance of mobile ad hoc networks. We adapted the mobile agent technology as to novel metrics for routing in those networks. The metric is a function of the loss rate, the bandwidth and the end-to-end delay of the link. Indeed, we established a new tunable parameter to obtain a tradeoff between throughput and delay when computing the new metric. As a result, any routing protocol using this metric can al-ways choose a high-throughput and low-delay path between a source and a destination. Hence, the achievable performance of the mobile ad hoc networks has been improved remarkably with our modified routing protocol

A High-Performance Routing Protocol Based on Mobile Agent for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

This paper presents a modification of a well-known routing protocol, namely Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector, as a solution to improve the performance of mobile ad hoc networks. We adapted the mobile agent technology as to novel metrics for routing in those networks. The metric is a function of the loss rate, the bandwidth and the end-to-end delay of the link. Indeed, we established a new tunable parameter to obtain a tradeoff between throughput and delay when computing the new metric. As a result, any routing protocol using this metric can al-ways choose a high-throughput and low-delay path between a source and a destination. Hence, the achievable performance of the mobile ad hoc networks has been improved remarkably with our modified routing protocol