Influence of polymer modification of complex fertilizer on the efficiency of phosphorus and potassium use by winter wheat on the southern chernozem

In modern conditions of unprecedented challenges, an alternative to the technological degradation of fertilizer application systems can be the development of original forms of long-acting fertilizers. Despite significant progress in the adaptation of progressive systems of agrochemical impacts, the use of traditional forms of mineral fertilizers does not allow using the full potential of the introduced nutrients, since the processes of incomplete denitrification, immobilization and leaching (leaching) of the main macronutrients (NPK), along with the action of urease, lead to unproductive loss of nutrients in the soil. In addition to economic losses, there are negative environmental consequences – eutrophication of water bodies, emission of greenhouse gases. The studies were carried out in 2022 under production conditions in the Kursk district of the Stavropol Territory on the farm of “StavAgroCom” on southern carbonate chernozem. As a modifier of mineral fertilizers, one of the most common synthetic polymers, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), was used. The polymer consumption rate was 3, 5 and 7 kg per 1 ton of fertilizer. Yield growth was positively correlated with the dose of polymer in the fertilizer. The analysis of soil properties was carried out by the method of principal components. The resulting clustering in the coordinates of the first two components (in total they explain 65% of the data variation) shows significant differences in soil properties under different experimental options. To assess the efficiency of the use of nutrients depending on the dose of the polymer, a differential indicator was proposed – the additional efficiency of the use of nutrients (E). It was estimated from the increase in yield relative to the zero dose of the polymer per unit reduction in the concentration of this element in the soil according to the proposed formula. It is shown that the polymer use in fertilizer gives a statistically significant increase in the efficiency of phosphorus and potassium use by winter wheat

Global climate and soil cover – implications for land use in Russia

The necessity of a comprehensive description of greenhouse gas fluxes on different types of soils, the methodology for creating “carbon polygons” and “carbon farms” with the use of modern methods for assessing carbon fluxes in ecosystems, taking into account the specifics of the natural conditions of Russia and competitive advantages, are substantiated. Directions for developing national methods for calculating carbon fluxes are given, which should be subjected to verification by the interested parties of the Paris Agreement adopted by the Russian Federation. Such issues are considered as the role and potential of the Russian soil cover in the carbon balance of the planet, factors of reducing carbon stocks from the upper 1 meter depth layer of the soil, competitive edge in the EU and the Western world in the questions of natural and climatic changes, the use of remote sensing of the Earth from space in order to obtain regular, complete and reliable estimates of the absorption of greenhouse gases

Environmental safety monitoring of heavy metals accumulation in some species of Sambucus L.

The aim in this work was to monitor heavy metals in plants of elderberry species. The objective of the research was to identify the actual concentrations of heavy metals in the fruits and leaves of the studied elderberry species. The need to determine deviations in the content of heavy metals in various parts of plants arose because the current ecological situation in Belgorod's area requires special attentio