Convective Heat Transfer Study of ZnO Nanofluids and a Comparison with the Conventional Coolant Water

In this era, the utilization of automobiles is increasing rapidly. So, it is a task for the automobile industries to yield well-ordered cooling system, which is actually responsible to carry waste heat of engine to atmosphere for effective working of an internal combustion engines. In this research, car radiator was tested by the water based Nano fluids to increase its heat transfer capacity and new experimental results were reported. Zinc Oxide nanofluids were prepared and tested by adding their nanoparticles in water with different volume fractions (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4)%. Experimentally, effect of these concentrations were observed by varying a fluid flow rate from 4 liter per minute to 1 liter per minute and inlet temperature of fluid entering in radiator was kept constant at 80oC and enhancement in heat transfer was observed  from 46% to 70% by using ZnO Nano Fluid having volumetric concentration 0.2%. Increase in volumetric concentration had shown the enhancement of heat transfer but up to 0.2% and it was seen that further increase in concentration was been reduced the heat transfer capacity.