Experimental Study on the Phlogopite Weathering Potential of Bacterial Communities Isolated from Different Soil Profiles

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Bioweathering of nontronite colloids in hybrid silica gel: implications for iron mobilization

International audienceThis study aimed to study biotic iron dissolution using a new hybrid material constituted of well-dispersed mineral colloids in a silica gel matrix. This permitted to prevent adsorption of colloidal mineral particles on bacteria. Hybrid silica gel (HSG) permitted to study bioweathering mechanisms by diffusing molecules.Methods and ResultsHybrid silica gel was synthesized through a classical sol-gel procedure in which mineral colloidal particles (NAu-2) were embedded in a porous silica matrix. Rahnella aquatilis RA1, isolated from a wheat rhizosphere was chosen for its ability to dissolve minerals by producing various organic acids and siderophores. Pyruvic, acetic and lactic acids were the major organic acids produced by R.aquatilis RA1 followed by oxalic and citric acids at the end of incubation. Comparison of abiotic and biotic experiments revealed a high efficiency of R.aquatilis RA1 for iron dissolution suggesting an optimized action of different ligands that solubilized or mobilized iron.ConclusionsHybrid silica gel allowed focusing on the colloidal mineral weathering by metabolites diffusion without mineral adsorption on bacteria.Significance and Impact of the StudyHybrid silica gels are new and efficient tools to study colloidal mineral bioweathering. Adjusting HSG porosity and hydrophobicity should permit to precise the influence of limiting diffusion of siderophores or aliphatic organic acids on mineral weathering

Nutrient and Water Use Efficiency in Soil:The Influence of Geological Mineral Amendments

Mineral amendments are known to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, which in turn can enhance the efficiency of nutrient and water use by plants. This chapter discusses the current state of the knowledge regarding the application of geological mineral amendments in soil which either helps to retain nutrients in soils or prevents losses of nutrients from soil and directly or indirectly contributes to improve the overall nutrient use efficiency (NUE). A critical analysis of the currently available research information recommends a site-specific (precision) management approach in order to explore the most beneficial effects of the mineral materials for increasing plants’ nutrient and water use efficiency. The management practices should include an integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS) for the best utilisation of resources including mineral materials, fertilisers and organic inputs. This holds the potential for leading to a reduced fertiliser input in modern agriculture and therefore may lower the cost of agricultural production without impacting the crop yield