Detection of glutathione S-transferases M1, T1 gene deletions among cancer patients in Mongolia

Various types of toxic xenobiotic and electrophilic compounds, which were formed from the glutathione S-transferases cell metabolism and the oxidation stress, are the group enzymes with detoxification roles that are involved in the metabolism phase II. During the GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene homozygous deletion, the above enzymes completely lose their activity and consequently somatic mutation is formed. Furthermore, it is considered that it might have increased the risk of cancer. Therefore, the research works which connected the GSTMI and GSTTI gene deletion with the cancer of kidney, lung, prostate, breast, stomach, esophagus, large and narrow intestines. In this study, two gene deletion distribution is detected for cancer patients. We collected the blood samples of 60 patients who have been diagnosed with cancer. The DNA was extracted and the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were amplified using multiplex PCR. According to our research, the above two gene deletion is predominant among patients who have cancer. The results showed that from the total 60 patients GSTM1 and GSTT1 both deletions, GSTM1 gene deletion - 35%, GSTM1 gene deletion - 25%, GSTT1 gene deletion - 26.7%, GSTM1 and GSTT1 both positive -13.3 %. Therefore, we think that in order to prevent tumor and cancer, these gene mutations must be revealed and it is important to bring the risky group under medical control and assist them in order to prevent them from this disease

Distribution of TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism among pediatric patients with pneumonia in Ulaanbaatar

Genetic studies indicate to the importance of individual genetic diversity on predictor of mortality. Furthermore, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms can be used to identify disease-causing genes in humans and they can be either neutral or deleterious. Human Tumor necrosis factor-α is a well-known inflammation factor that is closely associated with sepsis and severe sepsis. Our objective was to evaluate the association of TNF-α -308 G/A promoter polymorphism with dependency to severity of pneumonia. Respiratory diseases, especially pneumonia, is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia and the leading causes of pediatric hospitalization. We collected blood samples from 101 pediatric patients of the age group between "new born" and "school aged", who were treated and diagnosed with pneumonia in February 2019 and 2020, the pneumonia season in the country. Genomic DNA was extracted and performed by PCR-RFLP method to detect the presence of SNPs. The studies showed that the TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism among pediatric patients, genotype G;G was 73.27%, genotype A;G was 22.77%, and genotype A;A was 3.96%. Our study demonstrated disassociation of TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism with pneumonia severity in population