Improving LNG Facility Reliability and Operability Via OEM Integrated Compressor Controls

Lectur

C' Type PTFE Gaskets Performances In High Pressure Sour Applications

Lectur

Prediction and Mitigation of High Radial Vibrations During Hot Restart of Centrifugal Compressors

Case Stud

Recent Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases Based on GSH Delivery Systems

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease(AD), are a group of pathologies characterized by a progressive and specific loss of certain brain cell populations. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis play interrelated roles in these disorders. It is well documented that free radical oxidative damage, particularly on neuronal lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA, is extensive in PD and AD brains. Moreover, alterations of glutathione (GSH) metabolism in brain have been implicated in oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. As a consequence, the reduced GSH levels observed in these pathologies have stimulated a number of researchers to find new potential approaches for maintaining or restoring GSH levels. Unfortunately, GSH delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is limited due to a poor stability and low bioavailability. Medicinal-chemistry- and technology-based approaches are commonly used to improve physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, and drug delivery properties of therapeutic agents. This paper will focus primarily on these approaches used in order to replenish intracellular GSH levels, which are reduced in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we discuss the beneficial properties of these approaches and their potential implications for the future treatment of patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, and more specifically from PD and AD

Centrifugal Compressors: Operation and Maintenance, Advanced Design, Wet and Sour Gas Operation

Discussion GroupTopics Outline: • Meeting current rotordynamics stability standards • High flow coefficient/mach number impellers • Low flow coefficiens/high pressure impellers; Reynolds correction Complicated high pressure gas properties. E.g., CO2, acid gas, H2S • Testing of the equipment • Modern manufacturing/forming methodologies • Simulation and dynamic process modeling • Handling of Chlorides in sour/acid gas applications, including piping; end-user strategies Hermetically-sealed compressio

Improving LNG Facility Reliability and Operability Via OEM Integrated Compressor Controls

Lectur

Head-flange O-rings on Barrel Type Centrifugal Compressor Units at RasGas: Issues & Resolutions

Case StudyRasGas is operating many centrifugal compressors from different major OEM’s. Of an OEM product-line, twenty-four (24) centrifugal compressors with a total rated power of roughly ~ 900 Mega-watt are in operation, out of which 16 are barrel type (BCL). Driven by an end-cover or Head-Flange (HF) O-ring failure during early months of operation, indicated via gas leak in to atmosphere, a series of actions were taken due to serious uncertainties of the HF O-rings reliability, for both the units already in operations and the ones under Pre-Mechanical Completion. Actions included materials properties, tests data, selection (e.g. spliced versus single piece) and manufacturing processes and O-ring makers and supplier’s traceability. A comprehensive Risk Assessment led by Project Team and supported by EM experts was carried-out to determine whether HF O-rings already installed in similar unit shall be replaced right away prior to putting it in to full operation. Test schedule to accept or reject assembled HF at site was defined. Small modifications for continues monitoring of the HF O-rings during operation was also established. This Case Study is intended to share some lessons of technical aspects reviewed including selection processes. Site challenges to replace the HF O-rings for such barrel type centrifugal compressors and the site test schedule are also covered

Advanced Topics on Compressors

Discussion Grou

Advanced Topics In Centrifugal Compressor Design

Discussion Grou

Advanced Topics In Centrifugal Compressor Design

Discussion GroupSuggested Topics: Meeting current rotordynamics stability standards CO2 Compressors High flow coefficient/Mach number impellers Coupling and alignment impacts on asymmetric rotordynamics Sour gas/Chloride implications on material selection Complicated high pressure gas properties Validity of CFD modeling Modern manufacturing/forming methodologies Simulation and dynamic process modeling Helmholtz Resonators/Acoustic Attenuation Testing in extreme overload/choke conditions Tripping of compressors in surge conditions Future compressor design/development challenges Control challenges associated with sophisticated cent. compr. Design Performance and mechanical monitoring of compressor