Pregledna lista morskih riba Albanije

This paper presents an updated checklist of marine fishes of Albania and the first one published in the English language. The checklist contains 262 species compiled from published literature and personal surveys.U ovom se radu prezentira nova pregledna lista morskih riba koje žive u morima Albanije, a ujedno je i prva takva lista publicirana na engleskom jeziku. Lista sadrži 262 vrste riba i sastavljena je korištenjem objavljene literature te podacima iz istraživanja autora

POTENCIJALNA INVAZIVNOST RIBE PAUNA Pterois miles (BENNETT, 1828) U ISTOČNOM JADRANU

Devil firefish Pterois miles is an invasive alien species which has severely impacted biodiversity and ecological processes in invaded areas of the Mediterranean. In recent years, its presence has been documented in several countries of the Adriatic Sea. Based on the negative ecological and socio-economic impacts in other areas of the Mediterranean Sea, the potential invasiveness of devil firefish was analyzed for the coastal areas of the three eastern Adriatic countries (Albania, Croatia and Montenegro) using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Generally, based on the average value of the Basic Risk Assessment and the threshold used, the outcomes suggest that this species will be highly invasive in the eastern Adriatic countries. In addition, the results have shown that the most affected sector is represented by the local species populations and relative characteristics, while commercial sectors represent the least affected sector. However, considering that the negative impact of non-native species is not seen directly, the governments of these countries should address this issue as soon as possible.Riba paun Pterois miles je invazivna strana vrsta koja je ozbiljno utjecala na biološku raznolikost i ekološke procese u invadiranim područjima Sredozemlja. Posljednjih godina njegova je prisutnost dokumentirana u nekoliko zemalja Jadranskog mora. Na temelju postojećih negativnih ekoloških i socioekonomskih utjecaja u drugim područjima Sredozemnog mora, procjena potencijalne invazivnosti ribe pauna analizirana je za obalna područja triju istočnojadranskih država (Albanije, Hrvatske i Crne Gore) korištenjem alata Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Općenito, na temelju prosječne vrijednosti ocjene osnovne procjene rizika i korištenog praga, rezultati sugeriraju da će ova vrsta biti visoko invazivna u zemljama istočnog Jadrana. Osim toga, rezultati su pokazali da su najugroženiji sektor lokalne populacije vrsta i relativne karakteristike, dok komercijalni sektori predstavljaju manje pogođeni sektor. Međutim, s obzirom na to da se negativni utjecaji alohtonih vrsta ne promatraju izravno, vlade ovih zemalja trebale bi se pozabaviti ovim problemom što je prije moguće

Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase genes in Tribolium castaneum: evolution, molecular characterisation and gene expression during immune priming.

The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a normal consequence of the aerobic cell metabolism. Despite their high and potentially detrimental reactivity with various biomolecules, the endogenous production of ROS is a vital part of physiological, immunological, and molecular processes that contribute to fitness. The role of ROS in host\u2013parasite interactions is frequently defined by their contribution to innate immunity as effectors, promoting parasite death during infections. In vertebrates, ROS and antioxidant system enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) are also involved in acquired immune memory, where they are responsible for T-cell signalling, activation, proliferation, and viability. Based on recent findings, ROS are now also assumed to play a role in immune priming, i.e., a form of memory in invertebrates. In this study, the potential involvement of Cu,Zn SODs in immunity of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum is described for the first time, applying an approach that combines an in\ua0silico gene characterisation with an in\ua0vivo immune priming experiment using the Gram-positive entomopathogen Bacillus thuringiensis. We identified an unusually high number of three different transcripts for extracellular SOD and found that priming leads to a fine-tuned modulation of SOD expression, highlighting the potential of physiological co-adaptations for immune phenotypes

USING LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE OF FISHERS TO IDENTIFY THE PRESENCE AND HABITATS OF ANGELSHARKS IN ALBANIAN WATERS

Sredozemno more žarište je izumiranja morskih pasa i raža, a u njemu žive tri vrste morskih pasa sklatova: sklat vrste (Squatina aculeata), sklat žutan (Squatina oculata) i sklat sivac (Squatina squatina). Proveli smo istraživanje temeljeno na upitniku u četiri obalne regije Albanije: Shëngjin (Lezhë), Vlorë, Himarë (Sarandë) i Durrës, s ciljem prikupljanja povijesnih i trenutnih dokaza o ulovu morskih pasa u albanskim morima (Jadransko i Jonsko more). Iako su hrvatski ribari u Jadranskom moru prijavili prisutnost sklata sivca, u naše istraživanje uključili smo i druge dvije vrste. Broj opažanja bio je minimalan, unatoč činjenici da je ovo početna studija o viđenjima morskih pasa sklatova u Albaniji. Ova studija poslužit će kao temelj koji će omogućiti daljnji rad na zaštiti tih regionalno izumrlih i kritično ugroženih vrsta.The Mediterranean Sea is a hotspot for shark and ray extinctions and is home to the following three angelshark species: sawback angelshark Squatina aculeata, smoothback angelshark Squatina oculata, and common angelshark Squatina squatina. We conducted a questionnaire-based survey in four coastal regions of Albania, Shëngjin (Lezhë), Vlorë, Himarë (Sarandë) and Durrës, with the aim of collecting historical and current data on angelshark catches in the Albanian seas (Adriatic and Ionian Seas). Although the occurrence of common angelshark was reported by Croatian fishermen in the Adriatic Sea, we included the other two species in our study. The number of observations was minimal, although this is the first study of angelshark species sightings in Albania. It will establish a baseline study that will allow further work on the conservation of these regionally extinct and highly endangered species

TYPOLOGY OF THE ALBANIAN SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES

Nedostatak pouzdanih statističkih podataka o ribarstvu sprječava potpunu procjenu stanja morskih resursa. Središte ovog problema su područja siromašna podacima o ribarstvu, kao što je morsko područje uz obalu Albanije, a posebno područje malog ribolova. Cilj ovog istraživanje je prikazati mali ribolov u vodama južne Albanije na temelju dnevnog praćenja ulova ribarskih vrsta tijekom dvogodišnjeg razdoblja (2016.-2018.). Rezultatima je utvrđeno ukupno 6, odnosno 11 ribolovnih métiera za mreže i parangale. Najvažnije ciljne vrste za mreže u smislu ulova bile su Merluccius merluccius, Mullus surmuletus, Pagellus erythrinus, Sepia officinalis i Solea vulgaris. Ribolov s parangalom kategoriziran je u dva različita ribolovna područja, jedan je usmjeren na velike pelagične vrste Thunnus thynnus i Xiphias gladius, a drugi za širok raspon vrsta Sparidae i Epinephelus marginatus. Ovdje predstavljeni podaci i analize imaju za cilj smanjiti trenutni nedostatak kvantitativnih podataka u slučaju ograničenih podataka o ribarstvu, kao što je albanski mali ribolov, te pružiti informacije za razvoj praćenja ovog ribarstva.The lack of reliable fisheries statistics hampers full assessment of the status of marine resources. Central to this problem are data-poor fisheries such as the Albanian seas and in particular the SSF sector. The present study aims to portray the small-scale fishery of south Albanian waters based on daily onboard monitoring of fisheries species catches during a two-year period (2016-2018). Results revealed a total of 6 and 11 fishing métiers for the nets and longlines, respectively. The most important target species for nets in terms of catches were Merluccius merluccius, Mullus surmuletus, Pagellus erythrinus, Sepia officinalis and Solea vulgaris. Longline fisheries were categorized into two distinct fishing métiers, one targeting the large pelagics Thunnus thynnus and Xiphias gladius, and the other targeting a wide range of Sparidae species and Epinephelus marginatus. The data and analysis presented here aim to reduce the current lack of quantitative data on a fisheries data-limited case such as the Albanian small-scale fishery and to provide information for developing monitoring for this fishery

PORTRAYING TRAWL FISHERY IN ALBANIAN WATERS: CASE STUDY FROM THE SARANDË AREA (SOUTHERN ALBANIA)

Ova studija pruža vrijedan uvid u ribolov kočama koji se odvija u vodama južne Albanije putem integriranog pristupa koji se temelji na visokofrekventnom nadzoru kočarskog broda i intervjuima s lokalnim ribarima. Multivarijantne analize sastava iskrcajnih vrsta ili ekonomskog prihoda skupina utvrdile su da su se grupe razlikovale ovisno o poboljšanom iskrcaju u ribolovu i gospodarskoj učinkovitosti. Većinu ulova činile su razne pridnene te male i srednje velike pelagične vrste, što potvrđuje multispecijsku prirodu Jadranskog mora. Ciljne vrste identificirane u smislu ulova i prihoda podrazumijevaju sustavnu taktiku tijekom dugog vremenskog razdoblja, a slučajni ulovi jednako su važni u smislu ukupne sličnosti skupine. Identifikacija ciljnih skupina vrsta može biti korisna u procjeni trenutnih shema stratifikacije uzorkovanja.The current study provides valuable insight into the trawl fishery operating in southern Albanian waters via an integrated approach based on high-frequency monitoring onboard trawl vessels and on-site interviews with local fishers. Multivariate analyses of the composition of species landings or economic revenue revealed groups that, depending on the group, were distinguished by improved fisheries landings and economic efficiency. The majority of the catch consisted of a variety of demersal and small- and medium-sized pelagic species, confirming the Adriatic Sea\u27s multispecies nature. Target species identified in terms of catches and revenue imply a systematic tactic over a long period of time, and incidental catches are equally important in terms of overall group similarity. The identification of target species groups may be useful in assessing the current sampling stratification schemes

TRACKING CHANGES IN FISH DIVERSITY IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN ADRIATIC SEA (ALBANIA) BASED ON LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE

Dokazi iz posljednja dva stoljeća identificirali su promjene u bioraznolikosti mediteranskog bazena izazvane dolaskom novih vrsta. U usporedbi sa središnjim i sjevernim područjima, južni dio Jadranskog mora, točnije albanska obala, manje je istražen. Cilj ovog istraživanja je procijeniti rasprostranjenost novih/alohtonih vrsta riba na priobalnom području sjeverne Albanije kako bi se dobili prvi podaci o njihovoj prisutnosti. Prikupljanje podataka provodilo se od ožujka do kolovoza 2019., koristeći LEK (Local Ecological Knowledge) protokol na pet različitih lokacija duž sjevernog dijela albanske obale. Istraživanje je slijedilo unaprijed definiranu metodologiju koja se prethodno uspješno primjenjivala u različitim zemljama mediteranskog bazena korištenjem polustrukturiranog upitnika. Tijekom ovog istraživanja ribari su zabilježili 9 novih alohtonih vrsta, dok je samo 5 vrsta pokazalo evidentno povećanje brojnosti na temelju ulova posljednjih godina. Rezultati sugeriraju da neke od analiziranih vrsta, kao što su plavi rak (Callinectes sapidus) i strijelka (Pomatomus saltatrix), predstavljaju važne članove ihtiofaune u obalnim vodama sjeverne Albanije (uključujući lagune). Preporučuju se buduće studije o procjeni njihova učinka i strategijama upravljanja.Evidence from the last two centuries has identified changes in the biodiversity of the Mediterranean basin triggered by the arrival of new species. Compared to the central and northern areas, the southern part of the Adriatic Sea, specifically the Albanian coast, has been less studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of new/non-native fish species on the north Albanian coast in order to provide the first data on their presence. Data collection was carried out from March to August 2019 using LEK (Local Ecological Knowledge) protocol in five different locations along the northern part of the Albanian coast. The research followed a predefined methodology previously successfully applied in different countries of the Mediterranean basin by using a semi-structured questionnaire. During this study, 9 new and non-native species were recognized by the fishers, while only 5 of them have shown an evident abundance increase based on their respective catches in recent years. Results suggest that some of the analyzed species, such as blue crab Callinectes sapidus and bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix, represent important members of the fish fauna in north Albania coastal waters (including the lagoons). Future studies regarding the assessment of their impact and management strategies are highly recommended