The Level Assessment of Extracellular Nucleic Acids in the Blood of Pregnant Women with Chronic Hypertension with Superimposed Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia, chronic arterial hypertension is one of the causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. AIM: The aim of our study was to assess the level of extracellular nucleic acids in red blood cells and blood plasma in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, severe chronic hypertension, and pregnant women with chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. METHODS: A total of 107 pregnant women were examined who were hospitalized at the Regional Clinical Hospital and at the Regional Perinatal Center in Karaganda and 29 healthy non-pregnant women. Pregnant women were divided into four groups: 1 group – 32 pregnant with severe chronic hypertension, 2 group – 48 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, 3 group – 35 women entered the group with chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, and group control – 29 healthy non-pregnant women of child bearing age (4th group – control). RESULTS: The content of ecNA in the erythrocytes of pregnant women with chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia sharply increases relative to the control and comparison groups; in pregnant women with severe hypertension and severe preeclampsia, the level of ecNA is moderately higher relative to the control, but lower than in the main group. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate significant changes in the level of ecNA in pregnant women with various types of hypertension and require further research, but now, changes in the concentration of ecNA can be considered as one of the links in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia

Quantitative Characteristics of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Tumor Tissues in Colorectal Cancer

BACKGROUND: Recently, the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in oncopathology, including colorectal cancer (CRC), has become a subject of discussion. Literature review showed that in CRC, there are separate experimental and clinical studies devoted to assess the ability of neutrophils to form NET. A methodological approach, common to these studies, was that the ability of blood neutrophils in patients with CRC to form NET was evaluated in vitro. AIM: We undertook a study of the NETs presence in the tumor tissues, on the periphery of the tumor, and in healthy tissues with CRC at different stages and different types of therapy. METHODS: The study was carried out in the framework of the scientific and technical program “Personalized approach to the management of number of significant diseases” developed by the Non-commercial Joint-Stock Company “Karaganda Medical University,” funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. RESULTS: Patients with CRC II and III stages are more likely to have NET in the center, on the periphery of the tumor and in healthy tissues adjacent to the tumor than in patients with CRC of Stage I. It was also found that radiation therapy as a pre-operative preparation contributed to an increase in the number of NET in the center of the tumor in patients with Stage I rectal cancer. CONCLUSION: Thus, our data revealed an increase in NET in the center and periphery of CRC, and an increase in their number after pre-operative radiation therapy was shown. The next stage of our study will be devoted to study the structural features of NET and their interaction with other effector cells and tumor cells

Influence of Combined Therapy on Generation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Patients with Cervical Cancer

BACKGROUND: According to several authors, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the mechanisms of cancer development and metastatic processes, which allows them to be considered as a potential new target for the treatment of cancer. AIM: To investigate the presence of extracellular neutrophil traps in the blood of patients with cervical cancer on the background of the combined treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 28 patients with cervical cancer. Group 1 received only radiation therapy; Groups 2-radiation therapy with ftorafur; Group 3-radiation therapy with cisplatin. To determine the number of spontaneous extracellular neutrophilic traps in the blood of the examined individuals, we used a technique of I.I. Dolgushin and Yu.S. Andreeva. RESULTS: Peripheral blood neutrophils in 53.57% (33.87; 72.49) of cervical cancer patients showed the ability to generate NETs before treatment. The ability to form NETs was observed in neutrophils isolated from 66.67% (9.43; 99.16) patients of the Group 1. After radiation therapy with ftorafur, the ability of blood neutrophils to form NETs was observed in 50% (1.26; 98.74) of cervical cancer patients. After radiotherapy with cisplatin, 37.50% (15.20; 64.57) of patients were found to have NETs formation CONCLUSION: The ability to form NETs varied greatly after radiotherapy. The addition of chemotherapy drugs to radiation therapy did not increase the percentage of NETs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer but stimulated the appearance of basophil extracellular traps. &nbsp

Extracellular Nucleic Acids in Blood of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The concentrations of extracellular nucleic acids and acid-soluble precursors of nucleic acids in blood of patients with different forms and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were evaluated. The significant increase of the content of extracellular RNA and acid-soluble precursors of nucleic acids in plasma of patients with COPD was detected. The decrease of extracellular RNA in plasma of patients with COPD worsening was diagnosed. Extracellular DNA in plasma and red blood cells of patients didn’t change significantly. The article examines the mechanisms of extracellular nucleic acids increase in blood of COPD patients, studies the possible role of extracellular RNA in development of coagulation disorders in COPD patients. The further research of the role of extracellular nucleic acids and their precursors in COPD progression is require

Molecular patterns of oxidative stress in drug-induced nephropathy

Introduction: Drug induced kidney disorder is a frequent adverse event which contributes to morbidity and even incapacitation. The discovery and development of novel biomarkers and local (renal) response mechanisms, are needed for effective prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Objectives: The main purpose of our study was to investigate the oxidative modifications of proteins in blood plasma and erythrocytes of patients with drug-induced nephropathies. Patients and Methods: Around105 patients were divided into two groups: first group was represented by patients with psychotropic drug-induced nephropathy; the second one consisted of patients received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) were measured by Witko-Sarsat method. Protein reactive carbonyl derivatives (PRCD) were assayed in blood plasma and erythrocytes by the Levine method. Neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin (NGAL) was determined with the use of a commercially available ELISA kit. Results: Carbonyl derivatives are significantly higher in red blood cells of the 1st and 2nd group patients compared to the control subjects. AOPP statistically increased both in patients with various types of drug nephropathy and in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with the control group. The NGAL was significantly higher in all groups compared to the control subjects. Conclusion: The patients with drug-induced nephropathy have increased level of oxidative stress products and response NGAL reaction. The mechanisms that lead to the development of oxidative stress and the production of modified proteins are different in patients treated with different drugs. Establishing patterns of cell-molecular interaction permit the drug-induced nephropathy to be timely diagnosed and therapeutic programs to be optimized

Combined In Silico and Experimental Investigations of Resveratrol Encapsulation by Beta-Cyclodextrin

The results of the computational and the physicochemical studies of the encapsulation of resveratrol with β-cyclodextrin are presented here. At first, the molecular docking experiments predicted good binding. Several MD simulations and MM-PBSA experiments confirmed the reliable binding, showing optimal kinetics and energy. As an application, resveratrol inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin were obtained in an aqueous alcohol medium via microwave treatment. The results of thermographic measurements of the obtained clathrates using a differential scanning calorimeter are presented, and the obtained activation energy was calculated using the Ozawa–Flynn–Wall and Friedman methods, as well as nonparametric kinetics. The effect of complexation on the kinetic parameters of thermal destruction of the β-cyclodextrin–resveratrol inclusion complex was considered. The morphology of the surface of the obtained clathrate complexes was described using a scanning electron microscope. The spectral properties of the inclusion complex were characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13С NMR spectroscopic data. The obtained in silico, morphological, thermogravimetric, and spectral results confirmed the formation of the resveratrol–β-cyclodextrin complex. The antioxidant activities of the inclusion complex were determined to be 12.1 μg/mL, compared to 14.3 μg/mL for free resveratrol, indicating an improvement in the bioactivity

Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and oxidized neutrophil proteins in patients with nephropathy caused by acute alcohol poisoning

Introduction: Alcohol use has been identified as a major risk factor for disease burden and premature mortality. Objectives: We studied the serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) concentrations in neutrophils to assess the possibility of their using for the early detection of kidney damage in patients with acute alcohol poisoning (AAP). The impact of eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) on the NGAL and AOPP levels was also studied. Patients and Methods: The study included 89 patients with AAP. Healthy individuals and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) served as comparison groups. Participants were represented by men, aged between 20 and 40 years. Results of laboratory tests of kidney function were also taken into account. Serum NGAL level was measured using ELISA kit. AOPP was determined using the method of Witko-Sarsat et al. Results: We detected a significant increase in serum NGAL and AOPP level both in toxic nephropathy with a clinical picture of acute kidney injury (AKI) and in the "preclinical stage" of kidney damage. Hence a single trend in the changes of these indicators existed in patients with AAP. At the same time, our study revealed opposite trends in patients with CKD. There was no significant increase in serum NGAL in patients with CKD. Conclusion: We propose to consider an increased eGFR together with an increased serum NGAL concentration in patients with AAP as the stage, preceding the nephropathy or AKI, even in the absence of clinical and laboratory signs of impaired renal function