The Detroit Public School District: A Case Study Into Superintendents’ Leadership From 1975 to 2015

School district superintendents play several roles including teacher-scholar, instructional leader, organizational manager, business manager, democratic leader, stateswoman, and social scientist. In each unique role, superintendents are district leaders who use various leadership styles including authentic leadership, team leadership, system leadership, situational leadership theory, distributed leadership, leader-member exchange theory, and transformational leadership. This case study provides an analysis of interviews with four former Detroit Public Schools (DPS) superintendents and one chief executive officer. As a historical case study focused on former district leadership from 1975 to 2015, the research retells the leadership stories in a manner that provides insider information and shares institutional knowledge about leading Michigan’s largest school district. The five district leaders interviewed for this study are Arthur Jefferson, Deborah McGriff, David Snead, David Adamany, and Karen Ridgeway. Implications for key findings are embedded across time-related themes: duration, momentum, futuring, transformation, and quality. Each leader interviewed discussed challenges relative to complex school systems including but not limited to mission, vision, values, goals, operations, finance, academics, student attendance, general accountability, policy, and politics. The dialogue and circumstances for school systems serving predominantly high poverty students and families warrants comparable discussions about public education in urban areas across the nation.Ed.D.College of Education, Health and Human ServicesUniversity of Michigan-Dearbornhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136150/1/Natasha Baker Dissertation FINAL.pdfDescription of Natasha Baker Dissertation FINAL.pdf : Dissertatio

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The Question of Torture in the Bush Administration's War on Terror

Thesis advisor: Marc LandyThis thesis serves to clarify and concretize the controversy surrounding the debate on torture as it pertains to the War on Terror during the Bush Administration years. It argues that policy and rhetoric decisions made at the top of the political food chain contributed to the instances of abuse and torture that occurred in the various arenas of the war (i.e. Afghanistan, Iraq, Guantanamo, and CIA “black sites”). Such an argument is made through an analysis of what defines interrogation and torture, what techniques were in fact authorized, what factors went into determining which techniques to use, and what influence these techniques had on abuses that occurred. This thesis concludes with policy updates based on lessons learned and briefly addresses the efforts made by the Obama Administration in regards to torture, interrogation, and terrorism.Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2010.Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences.Discipline: Political Science Honors Program.Discipline: College Honors Program.Discipline: Political Science Honors

Oceans justice: Trade-offs between sustainable development goals in the Seychelles

The marine environment represents an important resource for the promotion of sustainable development. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14, Life Below Water, highlights the need to balance the economic, social, and environmental dimensions when using the World’s oceans. However, trade-offs arise between the imple- mentation of SDG goals and the well-being of different groups of people. The use of justice mechanisms is critical for achieving social equity outcomes from ocean use. Trade-offs in implementation between SDG14 and other SDGs in the Seychelles are examined through the lens of distributive and procedural justice. Content analysis of grey and policy literature and qualitative data derived from stakeholder workshops and focus group discussions are used to examine trade-offs between expanding marine protection through the Blue Economy initiative and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP), and the livelihoods and well-being of artisanal fishers. MSP limit fishers’ access to marine resources through spatial, temporal, and permanent prohibitions on access to key fishing areas and gear use that negatively impact upon food security, subsistence livelihoods and well-being. These trade-offs reduce capacity to attain other SDG goals linked to alleviating poverty, hunger and good health and well- being. Consultation processes, by not giving adequate voice to fishers concerns and local knowledge, raise is- sues of procedural fairness. Trade-offs are largely borne by weaker socio-economic groups, leading to a failure to address issues of distributive fairness. Our research shows that the promotion of sustainable futures in the Seychelles remains elusive unless matters in relation to distributive justice are addressed and procedural fairness is provided. How justice mechanisms can be used in pursuit of social equity from ocean use is explained, and avenues for further research outline

Working out of the ‘toolbox’: an exploratory study with complementary therapists in acute cancer care

Aims: The aim of this research was to explore and capture therapists’ experiences of and preparation for working with patients in an acute cancer care setting. Method: Semi structured interviews with therapists (n=18) in an acute cancer hospital in the North West of England. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic coding. Results: Key themes identified included; the need for a ‘tool box’ that goes beyond initial training, building confidence with adapting these new skills in practice, helping patients to become empowered, the need to support carers, research evidence and resources issues, and the role of supervision. Conclusion: This study was limited by being set in a single acute cancer site. Therapists valued having a ‘tool box’ but needed confidence and support to navigate the challenges of clinical practice.The authors would like to acknowledge the support of ‘Walk the Walk’ Charity, who help fund the complementary therapy services in the Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Departments

Toxic optic neuropathy in the setting of docetaxel chemotherapy: a case report

Background: To describe the first reported case of toxic optic neuropathy secondary to docetaxel (Taxotere®) chemotherapy. Case presentation. A 53-year-old female presented with predominantly unilateral visual loss, but extensive bilateral visual field defects and bilateral optic nerve head swelling 2 weeks after first dose of docetaxel (Taxotere®) and trastuzumab (Herceptin®) chemotherapy for a left sided node-positive, HER2 positive breast cancer. Extensive investigation ruled out other causes of optic neuropathy. She was treated with high dose corticosteroids intravenously for 1 week then a tapering oral dose over 8 weeks. Visual field defects gradually resolved and visual acuity improved. Docetaxel chemotherapy was discontinued but targeted therapy with trastuzumab continued without further complication. Conclusion: Docetaxel can cause a toxic optic neuropathy possibly due to an ischemic or neurotoxic mechanism at the optic nerve head. With cessation of docetaxel therapy and treatment with systemic corticosteroids, visual recovery can occur without significant residual visual deficit