An Intelligent Tutoring System for Learning TOEFL

An e-learning system is increasingly gaining popularity in the academic community because of several benefits of learning anywhere anyplace and anytime. An Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is a computer system that aims to provide immediate and customized instruction or feedback to learners, usually without requiring intervention from a human teacher.(ITSB) is the tutoring system Builder Which designed and improved to help teachers in building intelligent tutoring system in many fields. In this paper, we have an example and an evaluating are presented of building an intelligent tutoring system for teaching TOEFL using ITSB tool

Towards E-Business Technology Deployment: For Services improvement in Libyan Universities [Misurata University Case Study]

Methodology poster presented at the Libyan Higher Education and Development Forum 2014

To Protect or Not to Protect- Tariffs in Small Countries: Evidence From Egypt

In a world promoting free trade, policies aim to increase economic welfare. Nevertheless, the impact of decreasing protectionism on small countries has been unclear. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of decreasing tariff rates on welfare in small developing countries, using Egypt as a case study. This is done through simulating the tariff rates imposed by the Egypt-European Union Association Agreement (E-EUAA), which calls for tariff rates to be gradually decreased until they reach zero. The results show that the lower the protectionism, the lower the welfare, which is attributed to low export levels within the country and high prices

ICT Utilization in Libyan Universities: A Report on Case Study Research

There is a dearth of literature on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Libyan universities and this paper aims to help address this imbalance by exploring and analyzing how ICTs are used in Libyan universities. Process maps and systems profiling are employed to examine the current and potential uses of ICTs and a new model for assessing ICT utilization in Libyan universities is put forward and applied at the University of Misurata in northern Libya. This innovative approach to assessing ICT deployment in Libya has emerged from initial case study research that will be further developed as other universities in Libya are investigated

Studying the effect of substituent on the electrochemical reduction of nitrobenzene and its Derivatives

This paper reports a comprehensive study about electrochemical reduction of nitrobenzene and its derivatives ortho- meta- para-nitroaniline and para-nitrobenzaldehyde in mixed aqueous organic media (5% methanol,KCl 0.5 M) by polarographic cyclic voltammetry on Dropping Mercury Electrode(HDME). The results showed that all  derivatives  gave a sharp irreversible well-defined peak on (Hg) Hanging Dropping Mercury Electrode(HDME) in a reaction involving four electrons  to give the hydroxylamine  derivative. In this medium meta-nitroaniline is easier reduced in approximately 80 mV than that of the ortho-nitroaniline. It was observed that para- nitrobenzaldehyde is easier reduced than para-nitroaniline because it has electron-  withdrawing substituent.   Key words: polarography, cyclic voltammetry, nitrobenzene, Hanging Dropping Mercury Electrode (HDME)

A multimodal investigation of Discourse Markers in doctoral supervision sessions: Two case studies

More than 30 years ago, Schiffrin (1987) drew attention to the study of Discourse Markers (DMs). Since then, there has been an extensive body of research studying these devices. Prior work has acknowledged their ubiquity and vital role in spoken, written and Computer-mediated communication. However, studies that investigate DMs in the context of doctoral supervisory discourse are limited and rarely based on multimodal approaches. By embracing both verbal and nonverbal conducts, the current study attempts to fill up this gap by examining the use of DMs in the under-researched context of face-to-face doctoral supervision sessions. Hence, it is a study of multimodal DMs but moves beyond these items to the broader context which could potentially shed new lights on the dynamic nature of social interaction where meaning-making is constructed both verbally and nonverbally. The research adopts a mixed-method approach which integrates Corpus Linguistics (CL), Conversation Analysis (CA), and relevant aspects of epistemics and relational work within interpersonal pragmatics. This combination allows for detailed and fine-grained analyses that offer a better understanding of the role of DMs in student-supervisor interactions. The data set consists of a mini corpus (around 5.5 hours and 36729 words) of video-recorded meetings collected over three months at a university based in England. The main innovation of the thesis is the proposal of a novel multimodal framework to the study of DMs which aims to widen the focus of CL and CA methods to multimodal analysis and take into account consistent co-occurrence of features occurring in several modes. Two case studies are conducted in which four participants (two students and two supervisors) from two research fields (Applied Linguistics and Mechanical Engineering) volunteered to be video recorded during their supervision meetings. The data were transcribed and analysed with particular attention to various interactional modes, including verbal, nonverbal and prosodic resources. The results of the research show that DMs are widely used in the current data, although their distribution and functions are somewhat uneven across the four participants. All participants use DMs as resources for negotiating their common ground and managing rapport by reconciling information provided by their interlocutors with their state of knowledge. It is proposed that these differences are due to differences in the interactional work at play. The findings also underpin several patterns which signify a promising headway in unpacking the relationship between students and supervisors at different stages of candidature. When it comes to the co-occurrence of embodied resources, the analysis shows that the distribution of co-verbal gesture is not redundant in structure but follows some systematic patterns. Their production serves to maximize opportunities for affiliative actions and minimize opportunities for disaffiliative ones and hence work to social solidarity. At points when there is a risk of breaking down the intersubjectivity, such as during disagreement and criticism sequences, the participants attempt to restore it with both DMs and accompanying gestures. Alternatively, participants are also found to communicate their authoritative stance through specific coverbal gestures which enhance the epistemic meaning of the associated DMs. Further investigation demonstrates that intonation was tactically used by speakers in order to add additional unspoken information to the markers. Overall, the thesis makes an essential contribution to our understanding of talk-in-interaction in doctoral supervision contexts. Moreover, the study confirms that in order to recognise what the speaker is trying to communicate with a specific DM, it is necessary to understand the whole segment of the conversation by investigating not only the linguistic properties but also co-verbal gestures and prosodic features

A New model for E-business Deployment in Libyan Public Universities

Electronic Business (e-Business) is recognised as being able to help organisations to achieve competitiveness benefits. In Libya, the uptake of e-business in the higher education sector has been relatively limited and ineffective. There is no guidance available to help Libyan universities to maximise their leverage by participating intelligently in e-business deployment. This research examines e-business deployment initiatives and provides insights and learning into how to successfully develop and implement these initiatives within universities in a developing country, specifically Libya. The aim of this research is to develop a robust framework to support an efficient e-business deployment focusing on the case of Libya. This is achieved by exploring selected completed and on-going successful initiatives and focusing on the barriers to, and the enablers of, these initiatives. As a result, the nature of successful e-business deployment is determined, and the e-business deployment requirements for universities in Libya are identified. A combination of research methodology approaches has been engaged in this research. Firstly, an extensive review of literature took place to summarise and create the arguments around the main e-business models and their related dimensions, contributing to the development of e-business deployment research. Secondly, a qualitative approach based on case studies, include an explanatory investigation in three cases, is selected as an appropriate methodology for this research. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews are conducted to gather data from selected universities. The results show that Process, People and Technology barriers are the main barriers facing e-business deployment in Libyan universities. The collected data was analysed and problems were identified; as a result, the elements for a holistic approach to manage e-business deployment emerged. Based on the findings, an e-business deployment model is developed to provide a holistic approach for universities to plan, perform and review their e-business levels, as well as uncovering the main barriers preventing these universities from expanding e-business development. Also, a model of the implementation process of e-business deployment is proposed. From a practical point of view, this research provides realistic implications for decision makers and officials within Libyan universities involved in the process of planning, developing and implementing e-business initiatives