Towards Sustainable Co-Management of Mekong River Inland Aquatic Resources, Including Fisheries, in Southern Lao PDR

This paper presents historical information regarding the development of the aquatic resource co-management system in Khong District, Champasak Province, Southern Lao PDF. Between 1993 and 1998, 63 villages in Khong District established co-management regulations to sustainably manage and conserve inland aquatic resources, including fisheries, in the Mekong River, streams, backwater wetlands, and rice paddy fields. Local government has endorsed these regulations, but villages have been given the mandate to choose what regulations to adopt based on local conditions and community consensus. Communities are also empowered to alter regulations in response to changing circumstances. Villagers have widely reported increased fish catches since the adoption of aquatic resource co-management regulations. Improved solidarity and coordination within and between rural fishing and farming villages has also been observed. While many of the lessons learned from the co-management experience in Khong are applicable to other parts of Laos and the region, unique conditions in different areas will require inventive approaches to meet local needs. Common property regimes can break down in crisis, but experience in Khong indicates that they can also be strengthened in response to resource management crisis

Poems concerning the Stanley family (Earls of Derby) 1485-1520

This thesis is an edition of four poems (Lady Bessiye, Bosworth Feilde, Scotish Feilde, and Flodden Feilde) which were written in celebration of the military successes of the family of Stanley, Lords Stanley and Earls of Derby, at the battles of Bosworth (1485) and Flodden (1513). The introduction discusses the manuscripts and editions, the conditions for which the poems were composed, the style of the poems, and their contributions to the history of the period. The poems are newly edited, and the commentaries attempt, as well as elucidating the meanings of obscure lines, to identify the people and places which would have been of interest to the Stanley family and friends

A conceptual analysis of the effects of product prototypicality on brand resonance in brand extensions

Brand prototypicality is an area that has had limited research in the past. With brand extensions becoming more and more relevant in the market, it is important to know how prototypical brands can extend their brand. Further, there is a lack of research that examines brand resonance, specifically in regards to prototypicality. Thus, this study will examine the prototypicality on brand resonance of brand extensions. The study has three overriding research questions, as follows; 1) What impact does congruency of extension fit and parent brand prototypicality have on the enhancement or dilution of brand resonance, 2) To what extent does consumers' level of motivation processing moderate the enhancement or dilution of brand resonance, and 3) How does a functional (symbolic) parent brand influence the congruency of extension fit, parent brand prototypicality, and the moderating role of motivation processing on the enhancement or dilution of brand resonance

Complainers versus non-complainers retaliatory responses towards service dissatisfactions

The paper aims to investigate the different forms of retaliatory responses towards dissatisfactory service encounters experienced by Australian consumers. It further compares demographic and psychographic profiles of complainers versus non-complainers. 1200 mail surveys were sent out through a random list of addresses obtained from the White Pages. Data from 237 usable surveys (29.1%) were analysed using a series of statistical techniques including factor analysis to profile psychographic factors and discriminant analysis to identify complainers from non-complainers. It is found that both complainers and non-complainers engage in some form of retaliatory responses. Complainers have a high sense of justice, are less conservative and have a more positive attitude towards complaining than their non-complaining counterparts. Gender, income and education have no effect on complaining behaviour for both complainers and non-complainers.The high number of retaliation through 'exit' is a concern for Australian firms. Firms have to make an effort to identify the conditions exactly how each occurs and the strategies best available to rectify them. Mechanisms can be put in place to reduce these occurrences to improve the business as a whole. The paper matches the demographic and psychographic profiles of complainers and non-complainers with potential types of products and services and the related retaliatory responses

Root-suckering and Clonality in a Blue Mountains Banksia Taxon (Proteaceae)

We report novel observations of widespread root-suckering from shallow lateral roots, and clonal morphology in 29 populations of plants ascribed to Banksia paludosa subsp. paludosa in the upper Blue Mountains, NSW, and differing from southern populations (Southern Highlands and Woronora Plateau) which are lignotuberous resprouters. Following fire, Blue Mountains populations can resprout to form multi-stemmed shrubs appearing to be lignotuberous resprouters, but form root connected populations of sometimes closely spaced ramets in discrete areas. New single- or multiple-shoot root suckers frequently arise following fire from lateral roots at varying distances from the nearest established ramets. No lignotubers (developed on seed-grown plants) were observed, but multi-stemmed ramets which survive multiple fires may develop small, swollen, woody underground structures where they originate from lateral roots, but these are also frequently killed by fire and thus not reliably persistent regenerative organs. Cone development is rare, compared with southern populations, and no seedling recruitment was observed in any population. Such geographically widespread and ubiquitous root-suckering has not previously been reported in Banksia species in eastern Australia, though it has been reported in southwestern Australian species and in an ecotype of Banksia marginata from western Victoria and South Australia. We suggest that Blue Mountains populations of this species may represent a distinct taxon with a different post-glacial history and recommend genetic and taxonomic studies to better understand the relationships with related species, including the identity and placement of the Blue Mountains root-suckering taxon reported here

Population Ecology of Two Endemic, Fire-sensitive, Blue Mountains Banksia Taxa (Proteaceae) in Response to Fire

Banksia penicillata (northern Blue Mountains) and Banksia paludosa subsp. astrolux (Southern Highlands) occur in small, isolated populations and occasionally as isolated individuals. We undertook a field study of both species to better understand their population ecology in relation to fire. Both are large, serotinous, fire-sensitive shrubs with plant-stored seedbank and a relatively short lifespan (15 years old across the landscape, including some sites with fire intervals >30 years, to provide increased opportunities for distance-dispersal and establishment of new fruiting populations. Applying IUCN threatened species criteria, there is a strong case for listing Banksia paludosa subsp. astrolux as Endangered and Banksia penicillata as Vulnerable

An Extended Model of Disconfirmation: Expectancies Relating to High Risk Drinking Experiences

To date, customer satisfaction and service quality studies have only focused on disconfirmation of expectations in terms of product/service attributes. This study applies the disconfirmation of expectations paradigm to explain what makes the consumption of sin products (high risk alcohol consumption) a satisfactory or unsatisfactory experience. In doing so, it illustrates that disconfirmation of expectations should focus on consumption outcomes as they motivate customers to consume products and services. Furthermore, both positive and negative outcome expectanciesshould be included. The alcohol expectancy literature offers operational definitions of positive and negative outcome expectancies. However, alcohol expectancy studies do not use the disconfirmation paradigm to explain high risk drinking behaviours. This is a serious omission as disconfirmation of expectations have been shown to be a better predictor of customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions than customer expectations This study concludes with data gained from a university setting testing the hypotheses proposed, showing distinct differences between positive and negative disconfirmation of outcome expectations

Chao Fa Movies: The Transnational Production of Hmong American History and Identity

Films made by and for particular social and ethnic peoples can reveal a great deal about identity issues. Here, I examine the cultural production, the content, and the socio-cultural and political significance of three Chao Fa-inspired Hmong films produced at Khek Noi, Thailand by Hmong American producers working with largely Hmong Thai actors. The first two, Chao Fa 1 and 2, were directed in 2009 by Kou Thao. The third, Vaj Tuam Thawj – The Legend of Chao Fa, was put together by Jimmy Vang, in 2010. Even though these Chao Fa films are fictional, they attempt to depict events and circumstances that are familiar to many first generation Hmong Americans, and they can muster strong emotions from people who see them as depicting factual history. In addition, just like many other American youth, many 1.5 generation Hmong are tied together by shared media experiences, including Hmong movies. Thus, the Chao Fa movies are important for producing and reproducing, reinforcing and dispersing ideas related to Hmong American identity and culture. They tell stories of the Hmong being oppressed by many different groups, and this history suggests why many Hmong—not only the Chao Fa—have long desired the type of independence and freedom from prejudice and discrimination that they imagine would come if the Hmong only had their own nation state

Supervision and culture: Meetings at thresholds

Counsellors are required to engage in supervision in order to reflect on, reflexively review, and extend their practice. Supervision, then, might be understood as a partnership in which the focus of practitioners and supervisors is on ethical and effective practice with all clients. In Aotearoa/New Zealand, there has recently been interest in the implications for supervision of cultural difference, particularly in terms of the Treaty of Waitangi as a practice metaphor, and when non-Māori practitioners counsel Māori clients. This article offers an account of a qualitative investigation by a group of counsellors/supervisors into their experiences of supervision as cultural partnership. Based on interviews and then using writing-as-research, the article explores the playing out of supervision’s contribution to practitioners’ effective and ethical practice in the context of Aotearoa/New Zealand, showing a range of possible accounts and strategies and discussing their effects. Employing the metaphor of threshold, the article includes a series of reflections and considerations for supervision practice when attention is drawn to difference