Molecular Mechanism Study on the Effect of Nonionic Surfactants with Different Degrees of Ethoxylation on the Wettability of Anthracite

A serious risk to the production safety of coal mines is coal dust. The wettability of coal may be successfully changed by adding surfactants to water. However, the creation of very effective dust suppressants is constrained by the lack of knowledge about the microscopic interaction mechanism between coal dust and surfactants. In this investigation, we explained macroscopic experimental phenomena from a molecular perspective. The lauryl polyoxyethylene ethers (C12 (EO)n, n = 7,15,23) were selected. The macromolecular model of anthracite with 55 different components was constructed. Surface tension experiments and hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) calculations showed that the ability of surface hydrophilicization followed the order of C12 (EO)7(EO)15(EO)23. Contact angle experiment, XPS and FTIR experiments proved that after the surfactants were adsorbed on the surface of anthracite, the content of carbon element decreased and the content of oxygen element increased, indicating the enhanced surface hydrophilicity. The simulation results showed that with the degree of ethoxylation increases, the adsorption strength of surfactants becomes stronger, and the hydrophilic head group of surfactant on anthracite surface is more uniformly distributed. The greater the degree of ethoxylation, the more powerfully the modified coal surface can bind to water molecules

Molecular Mechanism Study on the Effect of Nonionic Surfactants with Different Degrees of Ethoxylation on the Wettability of Anthracite

A serious risk to the production safety of coal mines is coal dust. The wettability of coal may be successfully changed by adding surfactants to water. However, the creation of very effective dust suppressants is constrained by the lack of knowledge about the microscopic interaction mechanism between coal dust and surfactants. In this investigation, we explained macroscopic experimental phenomena from a molecular perspective. The lauryl polyoxyethylene ethers (C12 (EO)n, n = 7,15,23) were selected. The macromolecular model of anthracite with 55 different components was constructed. Surface tension experiments and hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) calculations showed that the ability of surface hydrophilicization followed the order of C12 (EO)712 \u3e(EO)1512 \u3e(EO)23. Contact angle experiment, XPS and FTIR experiments proved that after the surfactants were adsorbed on the surface of anthracite, the content of carbon element decreased and the content of oxygen element increased, indicating the enhanced surface hydrophilicity. The simulation results showed that with the degree of ethoxylation increases, the adsorption strength of surfactants becomes stronger, and the hydrophilic head group of surfactant on anthracite surface is more uniformly distributed. The greater the degree of ethoxylation, the more powerfully the modified coal surface can bind to water molecules

PO-023 The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Alternative Splicing of PKC δI pre-mRNA

Objective Alternative splicing of genes is the main way to produce large numbers of proteins, but the mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of aerobic exercise on PKC δI pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Further, to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on SFRS10 concentration. Because the PKCδ1 is involved in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and splice factor SFRS10 regulates alternative of PKCδ1, explore the mechanism of PKCδ1 alternative splicing, understand the role of the alternative splicing variants, to provide the theory basis for the mechanism of aerobic exercise reduce the incidence of obesity. Methods C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into normal quiet group, normal exercise group, obese and quiet group, and obese exercise group. The exercise group performed aerobic exercise for 8 weeks. The intensity of aerobic exercise was: running platform slope is 0, speed 10 m/min, 1 h/time, 1 time/day, 6 times/week for a total of 8 weeks. Immediately after exercise, the cDNA was extracted from liver and adipose tissue. The contents of PKCδ1 and SFRS10 in liver and adipose tissue were determined by PCR and RT-PCR. Liver and fat were stained by oil red O staining to observe lipid droplet changes. And the mouse's Lee's index and blood lipids were determined. Results  Lee's index = 3√ (body weight * 1000) / body length, Lee's index of obese mice decreased significantly after aerobic exercise, in addition, after aerobic exercise, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) also showed a downward trend (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (P < 0.05); oil red O staining results showed lipid droplets become smaller after aerobic exercise. The results of PCR and RT-PCR showed in the obese and quiet group than in the normal quiet group, the content of PKCδ1-FL decreased, the content of PKCδ1-△Exon9 increased, and the content of SFRS10 decreased. In the normal exercise group than in the normal quiet group and in the obese exercise group than in the obese and quiet group, the PKCδ1-FL content increased, the PKCδ1-△Exon9 content decreased, and the SFRS10 content increased. Conclusions  Aerobic exercise can significantly increase the content of PKCδ1-FL and SFRS10. PKCδ1-FL inhibits the formation of adipocytes, SFRS10 promotes the inclusion of PKCδ1 exon 9, and there is a molecular mechanism of alternative splicing between PKCδ1 and SFRS10

PO-021 The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Alternative Splicing of Lipin1 pre-mRNA and its isoforms

Objective Obesity is one of a world-wide chronic diseases, which is the leading cause of cancer, T2D, cardiovascular disease other metabolic complications. Aerobic exercise as a moderate intervention, has potential mechanisms for the loss weight. Lipin1 as a key regulator of lipid metabolism is a member of the Lipin family. Through alternative splicing, Lipin1 exists two isoforms,Lipin1α is mostly expressed in preadipocytes during the initial stages of differentiation, whereas the Lipin1β mainly expressed in mature adipocytes, and is responsible for lipogenesis and adipocyte hypertrophy.The aim of our present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the levels of Lipin1α、Lipin1β and splicing factor SFRS10. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to control group(C, n=20) and obesity control group (O, n=20). After 4weeks,mice were further assigned to normal control group (NC,n=10),and control exercise group (CE,n=10),O group ( O, n = 10) and obesity exercise group (OE, n = 10),CE and OE were on aerobic exercised for 8 weeks. RT-PCR was generated to detect Lipin1α、Lipin1βand SFRS10 mRNA expression. Results The results suggest that the level of lipin1α mRNA was decreased in obesity group. With exercise, levels in CE and OE increased. Furthermore, Lipin1β was increased in obesity group and decrease after aerobic exercise in both CE and OE. We also demonstrated the SFRS10, which can bind to lipin1 exon8 and regulate Lipin1 alternative splicing, had a lower ex pression in obesity group and higher expression in CE and OE.  Conclusions  Our data suggest that aerobic exercise can reduce body weight by influencing lipin1 pre-mRAN alternative splicing, and change the expression of two isoforms. Besides aerobic exercise can also affect SFRS10 mRNA Levels and change the expression of Lipin1 isoform

Effect of Pore Formation on Redox-Driven Phase Transformation

Solid-state redox-driven phase transformation is associated with mass loss, accommodated by vacancies that develop into pores. These influence the kinetics of the redox reactions and phase transformation. We have investigated the underlying structural and chemical mechanisms in and at pores in a combined experimental-theoretical study, using the reduction of iron oxide by hydrogen as a model system. The redox product (water vapor) accumulates in the pores and shifts the local equilibrium at the pore back towards the parent material - cubic-Fe1-xO (where x refers to Fe deficiency, space group Fm3-m). Our insights explain the sluggish reduction of cubic-Fe1-xO and improve our understanding of the kinetics of redox-driven phase transformations

Phenotypic Plasticity of Staphylococcus aureus in Liquid Medium Containing Vancomycin

Phenotypic plasticity enables individuals to develop different phenotypes in a changing environment and promotes adaptive evolution. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) facilitates the study of the genetic basis of bacterial phenotypes, and provides a new opportunity for bacterial phenotypic plasticity research. To investigate the relationship between growth plasticity and genotype in bacteria, 41 Staphylococcus aureus strains, including 29 vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) strains, were inoculated in the absence or presence of vancomycin for 48 h. Growth curves and maximum growth rates revealed that strains with the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed different levels of plasticity in response to vancomycin. A bivariate GWAS was performed to map single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with growth plasticity. In total, 227 SNPs were identified from 14 time points, while 15 high-frequency SNPs were mapped to different annotated genes. The P-values and growth variations between the two cultures suggest that non-coding region (SNP 738836), ebh (SNP 1394043), drug transporter (SNP 264897), and pepV (SNP 1775112) play important roles in the growth plasticity of S. aureus. Our study provides an alternative strategy for dissecting the adaptive growth of S. aureus in vancomycin and highlights the feasibility of bivariate GWAS in bacterial phenotypic plasticity research