Relationship between Molar Incisor Hypomineralization with Body Mass Index and Dental Caries Index in 7-11 Year Old Children in Yazd City

Introduction: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a kind of developmental enamel defect with multifactorial etiology that causes different dental complication. So, many studies&nbsp; have been done on this subject. The aim of this study was the evaluation of relationship between Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) with body mass index (BMI) and dental caries index (DMFT) in 7-11 year old children in Yazd City. Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, 645 children between 7 to 11 years old in Yazd City were selected via randomized cluster sampling and were examined in the schools. EAPD and mDDE criteria were used for detection of MIH and the extension in teeth. Body mass index and permanent dental caries were evaluated based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. 40 children were examined for BMI and dental caries as an unaffected group. The mean value was analyzed with Mann Whitney test and the result was significant (P<0.05). Results: Out of 645 children, 154 were affected by MIH, 16 children (10.38%) were underweight, 13 children (8.44%) were overweight, 3 children (1.94%) were obese and 122 children (79.22%) had normal weight. BMI in the affected group and control group were 16.01 and 15.76, respectively. The difference of BMI between MIH group and control was not statistically significant (P=0.81). DMFT in children with MIH was 2.09 and in the control group was 1.1, respectively that means in affected group&nbsp; there was a statistical difference than the control group (P=0.001). Conclusions: Children who suffering from MIH often have normal BMI and they have more decay in their permanent teeth

Effect of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of two types of glass- ionomer cements to dentin in primary teeth

&quot;nBackground and Aims: Use of glass ionomer cements in pediatric dentistry is increasing and limited information exists with regard to the effect of salivary contamination on the shear bond strength of glass-ionomer to dentin in primary teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of salivary contamination on the shear bond strength of two types of glass ionomer cements to dentin in primary teeth.&quot;nMaterials and Methods: A total of 36 human extracted primary molars were used in this study. The specimens were divided into two groups for each material and then further subdivided into three groups: group 1: uncontaminated, group 2: contaminated with saliva, group 3: contaminated, washed and air dried. The specimens in groups I, II, III were bonded to glass-ionomer and in groups IV, V, VI to resin modified glass-ionomer. Shear bond strength was measured using an Instron machine at 1 mm/min cross head speed. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey test.&quot;nResults: There were significant differences in the mean shear bond strength among groups IV, V (P=0.05). There were no significant difference among groups I &amp;amp; II (P=0.16), I &amp;amp; III (P= 0.93) and IV &amp;amp; VI (P=0.98).&quot;nConclusion: Results showed that salivary contamination can decrease the mean shear bond strength of&quot;nlight- cured glass-ionomer to dentin in primary teeth

Invitro Comparison of Marginal Microleakage of Three Restoration Materials in Cl V Cavities Prepared by Er:YAG in Primary Teeth

Introduction: Recently, such alternative methods for tooth preparation as laser irradiation have been studied increasingly, though limited numbers of studies have been conducted in regard with primary teeth. Microleakage involves one of the prominent criteria in evaluating success of adhesive restorative materials. Therefore, the objective of this in vitro study was to compare marginal microleakage of three restorative materials in cl V cavities prepared by Er:YAG laser in primary teeth. Methods: Forty five primary canine teeth were randomly divided in 3 groups. Class V cavities were prepared via Er:YAG laser on buccal surface. The groups 1,2,3 were restored according to the manufacturer's instructions with resin-modified glass ionomer, composite resin and compomer respectively. Then all specimens were polished, thermocycled, and immersed in 2% methylene blue solution and sectioned buccolingually. The specimens were assessed under a stereomicroscope(X20). It should be noted that microleakage assessment was performed by two evaluators who were cognizant of micro leakage scoring (0 to 4). Moreover, the study data were analyzed by applying Exact-test. Results: The study results revealed no significant difference between microleakage of three groups (P-value =0.422) Conclusion: These three restorative materials(resin-modified glass ionomer, composite resin, compomer) were proved to be proper for restoring cl V cavities prepared by Er:YAG laser in primary teeth

In Vitro Evaluation of Er: YAG Laser Conditioning Effect on Fissure Sealant Microleakage

Introduction: Fissure sealant is the most effective method to prevent occlusal surface caries of posterior teeth . In recent years, the use of laser for enamel surface pretreatment has been considered as an effective method before applying fissure sealant. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Er:YAG laser conditioning on fissure sealant microleakage. Methods: In this experimental study, total of 60 extracted third molars were randomly assigned into four groups(n=15). The occlusal surfaces were sealed with a sealant (clinpro) after one of the following pretreatments: 1- Phosphoric acid etching + total etch bonding, 2- Laser + self etch bonding, 3- Laser + total etch bonding, 4- Laser + Phosphoric acid etching + total etch bonding. The parameters of used laser was 120 mj energy and pulse duration of 250-500 µs with frequency 4 Hz. After sealing, the teeth were thermocycled at 500 cycles and immersed in methylen blue 1% for 24 hours. The teeth were then sectioned buccolingually and examined for microleakage. Statistical analysis were preformed via applying Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney. Results: The study results indicated significant differences between 4 groups (p<0.05) except for groups 1 and 4 (p=0.3). Moreover, the highest microleakage was observed in group 3, whereas the lowest was reported in group 4. Conclusion: It seems that conventional acid etching technique is the best and simplest method of Sealant therapy

The Relationship between BMI and DMFT/dmft among 7-11 Year-old Children in Yazd

Introduction: Two important indices for evaluation of children’s health include BMI and DMFT/dmft. This study was designed to assess the relationship between these two indices among 7-11year-old children in Yazd. Methods: The sampling technique used in the present study was a cluster random sampling (A total of 400 pupils aged 7-11 ).In this cross-sectional study BMI and DMFT/dmft were measured and the relationship between these two indices was evaluated. The effect of such factors as snacks, parent’s education level and frequency of tooth brushing on dental caries score was evaluated. Data were analyzed via McNemar test. Results: Mean of DMFT/dmft was 5.09 ± 1.95. Eighteen percent of children were at risk of overweight or were overweight. Children at risk of overweight and overweight children had a higher frequency of DMFT/dmft≥ 5)P<0.001. Consumption of snacks and frequency of toothbrushing had a significant effect on this Index. Conclusion: This study showed a positive relationship between BMI and dental caries score, so that children with higher BMI had a higher DMFT/dmft. In Further research, this relationship should be investigated by longitudinal studie

Evaluation and Comparison of DMFT in Asthmatic and non-asthmatic 6-12 Year Old Children in Yazd

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder, which has a high prevalence within preschool children. Since conflicting results have been reported in previous studies regarding DMFT in asthmatic children, the current study aimed to compare DMFT in asthmatic and non-asthmatic children. Methods: The present study was carried out on 46 (6-12 years old) asthmatic children and 47 matched healthy controls. In asthmatic children, severity of disease, type and dose of inhaler, duration and frequency of medication, inhaler use technique and mouth cleaning were examined after using the spray. In addition, DMF, plaque index and gingival inflammation were evaluated in both groups.The collected data were analyzed via SPSS Software (ver. 22) applying Mann-Whitney, Chi-Square and Logistic regression. Results: No significant difference was observed in regard with DMFT score in the two case and control groups (p.value=0.804). Although the study results showed that severity of asthma (p.value=0.007) and inhaler use technique (p.value=0.002)can have significant effects on dental caries, no significant relationship was detected between type and dose of spray, duration and frequency of usage as well as DMFT. Conclusion: As the study results indicated, DMFT index revealed no significant difference in asthmatic children in comarison with the healthy children. Therefore, improving the existing dental services and performing oral education, prevention and treatment programs in regard with oral health of children seem to be neccessitated in the future

A comparison between new dentinal adhesives (fifth generation) and traditional varnish in microleakage reduction of amalgam restorations in primary teeth

Statement of Problem: Microleakage presents the major cause for restorations failure in the oral cavity resulting in postoperative sensitivity, pulp irritation and secondary caries formation.&quot;nAim: The aim of this study was to compare two dentinal adhesive systems of fifth generation and copalite varnish in reducing microleakage of amalgam restorations in primary teeth.&quot;nMaterials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 100 class V amalgam restorations were prepared on the buccal or lingual surfaces of primary molar and canine teeth. Samples were randomly divided into four groups (25 samples each). No liner was used for the first group and the second group restorations were lined with copalite varnish. Two dentin adhesives, called Syntac C and Single Bond, were used for the third and fourth groups, respectively. At the next stage, the samples were immersed in 5% fuschin solution for 24 hours, then sectioned buccolingually, and examined under a stereomicroscope for microleakage evaluation.&quot;nResults: There was a significant difference between four groups statistically (PO.000I), Comparing&quot;nfour groups, the first and fourth ones, demonstrated the most and the least microleakage, respectively.&quot;nConclusion: The present study showed that new dentinal adhesive systems caused microleakage&quot;nreduction in amalgam restorations of primary teeth