Thyroid Diseases among Patients from Hadhramout Province, Yemen

Objective: To determine the histopathological pattern of thyroid diseases among patients in Hadhramout Province, Yemen.Materials and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted at Ibn Sina Central Teaching Hospital, in Mukalla city, Hadhramout, Yemen between January 2007 and December 2012. Eight hundred and seventeen patients with thyropathy were included in this study diagnosed histologically by experienced pathologists using fine needle aspiration cytology. This was followed up by postoperative pathological thyroid specimen study. The patients in the study were treated medically and surgically by authors.Results: 817 patients with thyropathy were included in the study. There were 716 (87.6%) females and 101(12.4%) males, with a female to male ratio of 7:1. The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 80 years, with a mean age of 37.7±12.2 years. Median age was 35 years. More than half of the patients aged between 21-40 years. The majority of the thyroid lesions were non neoplastic 703 (86%). The most common lesion was simple colloid goiter 578 (82%) followed by thyroid Hashimoto 75 (10.7%). The minority were granulomatous (subacute) thyroiditis, hyperplastic nodule and thyroglossal cyst, 5 (0.7%), 6 (0.9%), 8 (1.1%) respectively. 114 (14%) patients had neoplastic lesions. 61(7.5%) patients had benign adenoma, 2 (1.75%) patients had Hurthel cell adenoma. 43(5.3%) patients had papillary carcinoma while 3 (2.63%) patients had anaplastic carcinoma. The less common malignant neoplastic thyroid lesions were primary lymphoma, follicular and medullary carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma 2(1.75%), 1(0.9%), 1(0.9%),1 (0.9%) respectively.Conclusion: The most common non-neoplastic thyroid disorder reported in this study is a simple colloid goiter. Adenoma was found to be the most common benign tumor while papillary carcinoma was found to be the most common malignant one. Most cancerous lesions were found within the age groups in the third and the fourth decade, mostly females.Key words: simple colloid goiter, Hashimoto thyroiditis, papillary carcinom

Oral and Dental Health Status among Adolescents with Limited Access to Dental Care Services in Jeddah

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries and periodontal diseases among 14–19-year-old schoolchildren with limited access to dental care services. A cross sectional study design was conducted during field visits to seven governmental schools in Al-Khomrah district, South Jeddah, over the period from September 2015 to May 2016. Clinical examinations and administered questionnaires were carried out in mobile dental clinics. The dentists carried out oral examinations using the dental caries index (DMFT), the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), and the community periodontal index for treatment needs (CPITN). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20. A total of 734 schoolchildren were examined. The prevalence of decayed teeth was 79.7% and was significantly higher among boys (88.9%) than girls (69.0%). About 11% of students had missing teeth, with a significantly higher figure among females than males (15.9% versus 7.3%); 19.8% of students had filled teeth. Moreover, a DMFT of seven or more was significantly more prevalent among males (43.3%) than females (26.8%), while the percentage of females with sound teeth was significantly higher than for males (20.4% and 9.6% respectively). The CPITN revealed 0, 1 and 2 scores among 14.6%, 78.2%, and 41.6% respectively. Males had a significantly higher percentage of healthy periodontal condition (23.8%) than females (3.8%). Dental caries prevalence was moderate to high, calculus and gingival bleeding were widespread among schoolchildren, and were more prevalent among students with low socioeconomic status