Design of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with a Mass-Actuated Control System

Diseño de un UAV sin timones de dirección o profundidad, ni aleronesThis thesis presents the analysis, design and evaluation of a blended-wing-body unmanned aerial vehicle with an innovative control system, without any aerodynamic ight-control surfaces. The aircraft has a system of movable masses which are the main component of the control system, since they can be actuated to alter the center of mass position on longitudinal and lateral axis. The main purpose of the control system is to provide static and dynamic stability throughout the ight envelope, maneuvers, and possible gusts. The main advantage of this implementation is an improvement on the performance, since drag can be considerably reduced during maneuvers. Also, maintenance cost can be reduced, since the mechanical components involved in the control system have less complexity and no expensive actuators are required. An advanced aerodynamic design for a ying-wing configuration is proposed, where the use of diverse airfoils has been applied, providing high effciency. From a structural point of view, the aircraft in overall is more robust, since only internal components are mobile. Throughout the thesis, both, analytic and numerical methods have been considered and applied for the design and verification. Regarding the testing of the control system implementation, different ight algorithms have been generated and a simulation for a dynamic case with a vertical gust has been done, with satisfying results

Armenian Elections

This interdisciplinary issue of the Caucasus Analytical Digest looks at some of the most common pre-election violations before and during the parliamentary elections in Armenia 2017, civil society’s observation missions, and challenges related to the electoral system. Sociologist and anthropologist Milena Baghdasaryan analyzes the workings of patron-client networks and some of the most pervasive violations that took place prior to the elections; political analyst Armen Grigoryan examines the development of civil society’s observation missions in Armenia since 2010 and their results and effectiveness during the parliamentary elections of 2017; finally, lawyer Tigran Yegoryan discusses the activities of the electoral administration bodies, the impact of the law enforcement practice on changes in the electoral law and vice-versa, and some of the problems and risks which have become apparent in the electoral processes.ISSN:1867-932

Erratum to: Measurement of jet production cross sections in deep-inelastic ep scattering at HERA

The measurement of the jet cross sections by the H1 collaboration had been compared to various predictions including the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD calculations which are corrected in this erratum for an implementation error in one of the components of the NNLO calculations. The jet data and the other predictions remain unchanged. Eight figures, one table and conclusions are adapted accordingly, exhibiting even better agreement between the corrected NNLO predictions and the jet data

Measurement of lepton-jet correlation in deep-inelastic scattering with the H1 detector using machine learning for unfolding

The first measurement of lepton-jet momentum imbalance and azimuthal correlation in lepton-proton scattering at high momentum transfer is presented. These data, taken with the H1 detector at HERA, are corrected for detector effects using an unbinned machine learning algorithm OmniFold, which considers eight observables simultaneously in this first application. The unfolded cross sections are compared to calculations performed within the context of collinear or transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) as well as Monte Carlo event generators. The measurement probes a wide range of QCD phenomena, including TMD parton distribution functions and their evolution with energy in so far unexplored kinematic regions

Measurement of Jet Production Cross Sections in Deep-inelastic ep Scattering at HERA

A precision measurement of jet cross sections in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for photon virtualities $5.5<Q^2<80\,{\rm GeV}^2$ and inelasticities $0.2<y<0.6$ is presented, using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $290\,{\rm pb}^{-1}$. Double-differential inclusive jet, dijet and trijet cross sections are measured simultaneously and are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum observables and as a function of $Q^2$. Jet cross sections normalised to the inclusive neutral current DIS cross section in the respective $Q^2$-interval are also determined. Previous results of inclusive jet cross sections in the range $150<Q^2<15\,000\,{\rm GeV}^2$ are extended to low transverse jet momenta $5<P_{T}^{\rm jet}<7\,{\rm GeV}$. The data are compared to predictions from perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling, in approximate next-to-next-to-leading order and in full next-to-next-to-leading order. Using also the recently published H1 jet data at high values of $Q^2$, the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ is determined in next-to-leading order.A precision measurement of jet cross sections in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for photon virtualities $5.5<Q^2<80\,{\rm GeV}^2$ and inelasticities $0.2<y<0.6$ is presented, using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $290\,{\rm pb}^{-1}$. Double-differential inclusive jet, dijet and trijet cross sections are measured simultaneously and are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum observables and as a function of $Q^2$. Jet cross sections normalised to the inclusive neutral current DIS cross section in the respective $Q^2$-interval are also determined. Previous results of inclusive jet cross sections in the range $150<Q^2<15\,000\,{\rm GeV}^2$ are extended to low transverse jet momenta $5<P_{T}^{\rm jet}<7\,{\rm GeV}$. The data are compared to predictions from perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling, in approximate next-to-next-to-leading order and in full next-to-next-to-leading order. Using also the recently published H1 jet data at high values of $Q^2$, the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ is determined in next-to-leading order.A precision measurement of jet cross sections in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for photon virtualities $5.5<Q^2 <80\,\mathrm {GeV}^2$ and inelasticities $0.2<y<0.6$ is presented, using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $290\,\mathrm {pb}^{-1}$ . Double-differential inclusive jet, dijet and trijet cross sections are measured simultaneously and are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum observables and as a function of $Q^2$ . Jet cross sections normalised to the inclusive neutral current DIS cross section in the respective $Q^2$ -interval are also determined. Previous results of inclusive jet cross sections in the range $150<Q^2 <15{,}000\,\mathrm {GeV}^2$ are extended to low transverse jet momenta $5<P_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{jet} <7\,\mathrm {GeV}$ . The data are compared to predictions from perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling, in approximate next-to-next-to-leading order and in full next-to-next-to-leading order. Using also the recently published H1 jet data at high values of $Q^2$ , the strong coupling constant $\alpha _s(M_Z)$ is determined in next-to-leading order

Colombeau generalized functions on manifolds

Eduard NigschZsfassung in dt. SpracheWien, Techn. Univ. u. Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2006OeBB(VLID)161012

Exclusive ρ0\rho^0 Meson Photoproduction with a Leading Neutron at HERA

A first measurement is presented of exclusive photoproduction of $\rho^0$ mesons associated with leading neutrons at HERA. The data were taken with the H1 detector in the years $2006$ and $2007$ at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=319$ GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $1.16$ pb$^{-1}$. The $\rho^0$ mesons with transverse momenta $p_T0.35$, are detected in the Forward Neutron Calorimeter. The phase space of the measurement is defined by the photon virtuality $Q^2 < 2$ GeV$^2$, the total energy of the photon-proton system $20 < W_{\gamma p} < 100$ GeV and the polar angle of the leading neutron $\theta_n < 0.75$ mrad. The cross section of the reaction $\gamma p \to \rho^0 n \pi^+$ is measured as a function of several variables. The data are interpreted in terms of a double peripheral process, involving pion exchange at the proton vertex followed by elastic photoproduction of a $\rho^0$ meson on the virtual pion. In the framework of one-pion-exchange dominance the elastic cross section of photon-pion scattering, $\sigma^{\rm el}(\gamma\pi^+ \to \rho^0\pi^+)$, is extracted. The value of this cross section indicates significant absorptive corrections for the exclusive reaction $\gamma p\to\rho^0 n \pi^+$

Diffractive Dijet Production with a Leading Proton in ep\it ep Collisions at HERA

The cross section of the diffractive process $\it e^{+}p → e^{+}X p$ is measured at a centre-of- mass energy of 318 GeV, where the system X contains at least two jets and the leading final state proton $\it p$ is detected in the H1 Very Forward Proton Spectrometer. The measurement is performed in photoproduction with photon virtualities $\it Q^{2} < 2 GeV^{2}$ and in deep-inelastic scattering with $\it 4 GeV^{2} < Q^{2} < 80 GeV^{2}$. The results are compared to next-to-leading order QCD calculations based on diffractive parton distribution functions as extracted from measurements of inclusive cross sections in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering

Exclusive ρ0\rho^{0} Meson Photoproduction with a Leading Neutron at HERA

A first measurement is presented of exclusive photoproduction of $\rho ^{0}$ mesons associated with leading neutrons at HERA. The data were taken with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 319 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $1.16_{pb}^{−1}$. The $\rho ^{0}$ mesons with transverse momenta $p_{T}$ 0.35, are detected in the Forward Neutron Calorimeter. The phase space of the measurement is defined by the photon virtuality $Q^{2}$ < 2 $GeV^{2}$, the total energy of the photon-proton system 20 < $W_{γp}$ < 100 GeV and the polar angle of the leading neutron $θ_{n}$ < 0.75 mrad. The cross section of the reaction $\gamma p → \rho^{0}n\pi^{+}$ is measured as a function of several variables. The data are interpreted in terms of a double peripheral process, involving pion exchange at the pro-ton vertex followed by elastic photoproduction of a $\rho ^{0}$ meson on the virtual pion. In the framework of one-pion-exchange dominance the elastic cross section of photon-pion scattering, $\sigma^{el}(\gamma \pi^{+} → \rho^{0}\pi^{+}$), is extracted. The value of this cross section indicates significant absorptive corrections for the exclusive reaction $\gamma p → \rho^{0}n\pi^{+}$