Transplante de microbiota fecal no tratamento da infecção por Clostridium difficile recorrente—uma revisão

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become one of the major complications associated with the use of systemic antibiotics. Antimicrobials disrupt the balance of the colonic intestinal flora, predisposing the individual to infections by opportunistic strains, such as an CDI, that can characteristically cause a course of diarrhea and colitis. The standard treatment for these cases is the use of metronidazole or vancomycin for a period of 10 to 14 days. However, it is estimated that this therapy will fail in ∼ 5 to 35% of the patients, who will present a recurrence of CDI. The treatment options for recurrent CDI remain limited, but with promising therapies being constantly researched. The use of stools obtained from a donor to perform fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been gaining space in several health centers, with reported success rates of 80 to 100%. However, there still is a limited experience in this subject, with the need for studies that allow the creation of a specific protocol for FMT