The role of cognitive functions in the dynamics of work accidents

This paper brings to the fore the need to study the causality of work accidents starting from the hypothesis that the causes must be identified immediately, respectively the dysfunctions of the work system, which contribute to their occurrence. So, in the causal chain of the work accident, the last link is the “meeting” between the victim and the material agent who injures her, and often the factors of the work system, which are potential causes of injury, are specific to the worker and represent an error inappropriate behaviour in terms of occupational safety, in the form of wrongdoing or omissions. In this regard, cognitive ergonomics is still an untapped area, although it can make significant contributions to improving work performance and creating safe and healthy working environments in industry. Cognitive functions are relevant when we talk about 4 essential skills of the worker, respectively: sensation and perception, attention, short and long term memory. The paper brings more information for the scientific community because the analysis highlights the link between the cognitive functions of workers and the errors generated by them in the dynamics of a work accident, and can also be a starting point for new research

Valuing Forest Ecosystem Services. Why Is an Integrative Approach Needed?

Among the many types of terrestrial ecosystems, forests have some of the highest levels of biodiversity; they also have many interdependent economic, ecological and social functions and provide ecosystem services. They supply a range of tangible, marketable goods, as well as a variety of nonmarketable and intangible services derived from various forest functions. These translate into social, cultural, health and scientific benefits for people’s quality of life. However, because they cannot be traded on a market, nonmarketable and intangible services are often perceived as free, inexhaustible and, as a result, underestimated. The human–nature interaction has affected both nature (via resource consumption) and society (via development of human welfare and well-being). Decision-makers, both public and private, often manage natural capital for multiple aims. In recent years it has been found that the single, individual approach estimating the value for these goods and services is not able to provide information that generates and supports decisions and policies in complex areas of current relevance such as the constant loss of biodiversity, climate change and global warming in close connection with the need for social development and ensuring an acceptable level of well-being for the greatest part of humanity. An integrated assessment with advanced techniques and methods using a pluralist framework of a heterogeneous set of values is considered a better approach to the valuation of such complex nature of the ecosystem goods and services. This assessment should take into account both costs and benefits trade-off issues among the multiple uses of ecosystem goods and/or services, especially the relationships between them and how they influence or determine the economic, social and cultural development of society. It should also consider the estimation of the complex inverse effect, from society to nature, whose goods and services can be diminished to exhaustion by the extensive and intensive anthropization of natural ecosystems with major impact on the number and quality of goods and services provided by ecosystems. Research has shown that applying an integrative assessment approach that utilizes tools developed by sustainability sciences could be an important component of future environmental policy making

FLEXIBLE ACRYLATE VERSUS CLASSIC-VIABLE THERAPEUTICAL SOLUTION

Big variety of clinical cases is a very important element in choosing the peculiarities of development of creating the dentures. In the scope of these concerns enroll the present study, which aims to review, through clinical cases, the possibilities for treatment of edentulous by conventional methods but flexible acrylic material. The present study was performed in the Faculty of Dentistry Iasi, over four years, from 2008 to 2012, the group of patients is made up of those who were sent for prosthetic treatment declaring himself dissatisfied with conventional removable prosthetic dentures, represented be partial acrylic dentures or complete dentures. All patients in this study preferred flexible dentures to conventional ones due to traumatic experiences that have tried it with classical dentures and they restored their confidence that they can regain stomatognat system functionality

The Involvement of Photobiology in Contemporary Dentistry—A Narrative Review

Light is an emerging treatment approach that is being used to treat many diseases and conditions such as pain, inflammation, and wound healing. The light used in dental therapy generally lies in visible and invisible spectral regions. Despite many positive results in the treatment of different conditions, this therapy still faces some skepticism, which has prevented its widespread adoption in clinics. The main reason for this skepticism is the lack of comprehensive information about the molecular, cellular, and tissular mechanisms of action, which underpin the positive effects of phototherapy. However, there is currently promising evidence in support of the use of light therapy across a spectrum of oral hard and soft tissues, as well as in a variety of important dental subspecialties, such as endodontics, periodontics, orthodontics, and maxillofacial surgery. The merging of diagnostic and therapeutic light procedures is also seen as a promising area for future expansion. In the next decade, several light technologies are foreseen as becoming integral parts of modern dentistry practice

ZIRCONIA-DENTAL MATERIAL FOR FUTURE-AN OVERVIEW

Aim of the study.The aim of our study was to evaluate complications and primary failures of fixed metal ceramic bridge prostheses made by dental students. Material and methods.We studied 50 patients (22 women, 28 men, mean age 49 years, range 28–73 years) treated during 4 years. Data were collected from the patient files. Altogether 82 bridges were made. Results.Seven teeth were extracted due to complication and/or failure during endodontic treatment and root canal perforation during preparation. In two cases the abutment tooth was fractured by removing the old crown.Four unsuccessful bridges were remade and in seven cases the firing of porcelain was renewed. Conclusions.The study concludes that most common failures of fixed metal ceramic bridges made by dental students occur during root canal preparation of abutment teet

The Link between Periodontal Disease and Oral Cancer—A Certainty or a Never-Ending Dilemma?

Periodontal disease can have a substantial systemic influence on the body that extends beyond the oral cavity and can lead to local inflammation, bone damage, and tooth loss. A great number of studies suggest that periodontitis and oral cancer are linked, however it is unclear if specific periodontal bacteria promote the development of systemic illness. The mediators of the relationship between those two pathologies are still being discovered, but the research findings indicate the existence of a correlation. Additional research, including confounding factors, is needed to strengthen this link

DENTAL ANXIETY AMONG ADOLESCENTS-AN OVERVIEW

Dental anxiety is a phrase used to describe the fear or stress determined by dental treatments. This narrative review aims to highlight some epidemiologic aspects of the phenomenon while searching medical databases for researches relating to the topic of dental anxiety in adolescents. Adolescence represents a period of transition illustrated by changes both at physical level and behavior and personality levels. Anxiety disorders are frequent at this age and they may affect school performance, the relationships with one’s family and friends. Dental anxiety is associated with certain trigger factors such as needles or sometimes the simple sight of the dental instruments. Although most patients have a low level of dental anxiety, literature mentions the percentage of 11% for the prevalence of severe dental anxiety and 90% for low anxiety. Most studies show that the female patients are more anxious than the male patients. Among the dental procedures, the ones involving oral surgery, including tooth extraction and local anesthesia, remain the most incriminated trigger factors. This paper also presents the most known questionnaires used in current practice that help the dentist identify anxious patients as well as the etiology of this phenomenon

SEM ANALYSIS OF ZIRCONIA-DENTAL MATERIAL

In dentistry, zirconia is used as a framework for dental prostheses and has been traditionally covered with porcelain to provide excellent aesthetics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of surface polishing on the properties of zirconium dioxide (Zirconia), the Tizian material, from Schutz Dental. The microstructural tests were carried out using an electron scanning electron microscope, VegaTescan. The images show a more pronounced action of the felt and Al2O3 powder on the material compared to mechanical polishing by sandpapers. From the analysis of the distribution of the chemical elements we can see a good homogeneity, which leads to the maintenance of the chemical, physical and mechanical properties in all the areas of this materia