THE IMPORTANCE OF ANCESTRAL GREY STEPPE BREED IN ROMANIA FOR ENSURING BIODIVERSITY CATTLE IN SOUTH EAST EUROPE

Grey Steppe breed from Romania belongs to the group of Podolia cattle breeds in Europe. These cattle originate from the wild ancestor Bos taurus primigenius, which disappeared in the XVI th century. There are five ecotypes belonging to Grey Steppe breed adapted to the natural conditions of life (Moldavian ecotype, Bucşan ecotype, Transylvanian ecotype, Ialomiţean ecotype and Dobrogean ecotype). This breed has had a major decline in the last two centuries, from 2.607.594 heads in 1860 years to less than 500 heads at present.This decrease of the herd of cattle Grey Steppe breed was caused by the agricultural policy of the country with an orientation towards intensive agriculture, where they developed specialized breeds for milk and meat. This breed also participated in cross breeding of absorption for forming new breeds. Considering milk production, dairy cows made an average production of 2300 kg milk per normal lactation expressed in mature equivalent, with 4.36% fat and 3.52% protein. There are also cows of this breed which can give 4000-4500 kg milk per normal lactation growth in very good conditions.Regarding meat production from Grey Steppe breed the daily growth increments were 600-800 gr. with a 53-55% killing out percentage at slaughter.This breed can be grown in conditions of extensive or ecologic agriculture, because it has not special needs for feeding and sheltering conditions and disease resistance is high

RESEARCHES REGARDING THE GROWING CAPACITY AND FEED CONVERTING CAPACITY IN MEAT PRODUCTION AT ROMANIAN CATTLE BREEDS

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the productive potential of male fattening youth from local cattle breeds –Brown type Schwyz (B), Romanian Spotted type Simmental (BR) and Romanian Black Spotted type Holstein (BNR). The researches were conducted on a number of 108 young bulls (male calves) of the three breeds listed above (20 from breed B - group I, 44 animals from BNR breed – group II and 44 animals from BR breed - group III). The animals were kept in the same artificial environmental conditions and were fed with identical rations. The average birth weight of the three groups was 39.92 kg, with variations between 37.5 kg in group I and 41 kg in group III. At the age of delivery to slaughter the weight achieved by the three groups (group I 399.31 kg, group II 445.06 kg and group III 464.09 kg) showed very significant differences (P<0,001). In the first fattening period (80-150 days) for the animals from group I the daily average gain of the period was 867, 5 g, with a variability of 5.51%, for the group II the average daily gain was 911.2 g and the group III had gains of over 1000 g (1054.02 g). At this age between groups I and III, respectively II and III the differences are very significant (P<0,001). The feed conversion was made with very significant differences between groups, the best specific feed consumption for the body mass unit were realized by the animals of BR breed

Exploring the Potential of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Therapy in Tuberculosis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

This review explores the potential benefits of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an adjunct treatment in tuberculosis (TB), drawing parallels from its efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). FMT has shown promise in restoring the gut microbial balance and modulating immune responses in IBD patients. Considering the similarities in immunomodulation and dysbiosis between IBD and TB, this review hypothesizes that FMT may offer therapeutic benefits as an adjunct therapy in TB. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the existing literature on FMT in IBD and TB, highlighting the mechanisms and potential implications of FMT in the therapeutic management of both conditions. The findings contribute to understanding FMT’s potential role in TB treatment and underscore the necessity for future research in this direction to fully leverage its clinical applications. Conclusion: The integration of FMT into the comprehensive management of TB could potentially enhance treatment outcomes, reduce drug resistance, and mitigate the side effects of conventional therapies. Future research endeavors should focus on well-designed clinical trials to develop guidelines concerning the safety and short- and long-term benefits of FMT in TB patients, as well as to assess potential risks