E2XLRADR (Energy Efficient Cross Layer Routing Algorithm with Dynamic Retransmission for Wireless Sensor Networks)

The main focus of this article is to achieve prolonged network lifetime with overall energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks through controlled utilization of limited energy. Major percentage of energy in wireless sensor network is consumed during routing from source to destination, retransmission of data on packet loss. For improvement, cross layered algorithm is proposed for routing and retransmission scheme. Simulation and results shows that this approach can save the overall energy consumptio

SURVEY: Increasing Energy of Node by Modified Leach protocol

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisting of hundreds or thousands of small tiny nodes. This small node is also known as MOTE. These nodes have characteristics that have limited energy and densely deployed over (geographical area) the network. It has been demonstrated as Low-energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). LEACH is an energy efficient routing algorithm for WSN and Leach operation is depends on two phase , first is Steady Phase and Second is Setup Phase. In this paper, we define the mechanism of Cluster Head (CH) selection of LEACH protocol and modified LEACH known as HAND (Heterogeneous and Special Nodes Distributed LEACH) which employs Clustering in different Zones depends upon energy distribution. The Objective of this modified LEACH to reduce distance between sensor node and base station