53 research outputs found
Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in pregnant women: a randomized, observer-blind trial
ABSTRACTVaccination against influenza during pregnancy provides direct protection to pregnant women and indirect protection to their infants. Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3s) are safe and effective during pregnancy, but quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV4s) have not been evaluated in pregnant women and their infants. Here, we report the results of a randomized phase IV study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of IIV4 vs. IIV3 in pregnant women. Participants aged â„18 years at weeks 20 to 32 of gestation were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive a single dose of IIV4 (n = 230) or IIV3 (n = 116). Between baseline and 21 days after vaccination, hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers increased in both groups by similar magnitudes for the two influenza A strains and single B strain common to IIV4 and IIV3. For the additional B strain in IIV4, HAI titers were higher in IIV4 recipients than IIV3 recipients (post-/pre-vaccination geometric mean titer ratio, 6.3 [95% CI: 5.1 ? 7.7] vs. 3.4 [95% CI: 2.7 ? 4.3]). At delivery, in both groups, HAI antibody titers for all strains were 1.5 ? 1.9-fold higher in umbilical cord blood than in maternal blood, confirming active transplacental antibody transfer. Rates of solicited and unsolicited vaccine-related adverse events in mothers were similar between the two groups. Live births were reported for all participants and there were no vaccine-related adverse events in newborns. These results suggest IIV4 is as safe and immunogenic as IIV3 in pregnant women, and that maternal immunization with IIV4 should protect newborns against influenza via passively acquired antibodies.Peer reviewe
Le traitement médicamenteux du glaucome chez la femme enceinte (analyse des données de pharmacovigilance)
Le glaucome est une pathologie oculaire entrainant la cĂ©citĂ© du patient s'il n'est pas traitĂ©. Les femmes atteintes d'un glaucome, enceintes ou dĂ©sirant une grossesse, doivent poursuivre un traitement qui doit prĂ©senter le moins de risques pour l'enfant. Ainsi, chaque classe mĂ©dicamenteuse anti glaucomateuse est Ă©valuĂ©e : les bĂȘtabloquants, les inhibiteurs de l'anhydrase carbonique, les analogues de prostaglandines ainsi que les mydriatiques sympathomimĂ©tiques et les myotiques parasympathomimĂ©tiques. Les risques malformatifs, foetotoxiques ainsi que les effets secondaires nĂ©onataux sont rĂ©pertoriĂ©s afin que le praticien choisisse le traitement adĂ©quat pour la patiente en fonction du terme de la grossesse. ExceptĂ© les myotiques parasympathomimĂ©triques, les mĂ©dicaments antiglaucomateux peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s pendant toute ou diffĂ©rentes pĂ©riodes de la grossesse. Le rĂŽle du pharmacien est essentiel dans l'accompagnement de la femme glaucomateuse susceptible d'ĂȘtre enceinte. Il dispense les conseils appropriĂ©s afin de rassurer la patiente et ainsi permettre une meilleure observance du traitement.ANGERS-BU MĂ©decine-Pharmacie (490072105) / SudocSudocFranceF
Les unités mÚre-enfant en psychiatrie périnatale / Anne-Laure Sutter, Marc Bourgeois ; préface de Ramesh C. Kumar
Collection : Psychiatrie ouverte. NodulesCollection : Psychiatrie ouverteAppartient Ă lâensemble documentaire : UnivJeun0Contient une table des matiĂšresAvec mode text
Points de vue de quatre chercheurs
ISBN ebook : 9781784068943.L'ouvrage est issu des travaux dâun colloque organisĂ© par le centre amiĂ©nois derecherche en Ă©ducation et formation (CAREF) de lâUniversitĂ© de Picardie Jules VerneĂ Amiens. Ce colloque, intitulĂ© « Objets pour apprendre, objets Ă apprendre : quellespratiques enseignantes pour quels enjeux ? » a eu lieu les 11 et 12 juin 2019 et faisaitsuite Ă une journĂ©e dâĂ©tude qui sâest dĂ©roulĂ©e le 10 dĂ©cembre 2014 Ă Amiens sur lemĂȘme thĂšme Ă Amiens.International audienceChapitre 11. Points de vue de quatre chercheursRoselyne LE BOURGEOIS, Anne-Laure LE GUERN, MickaĂ«l LE MENTEC,Jean-François THĂMINES et Abdelkarim ZAID11.1. PrĂ©sentation11.2. Anne-Laure Le Guern : culture matĂ©rielle et prĂ©occupationspragmatiques en formation et en recherche 11.2.1. De quelques dettes Ă propos des objets 11.2.2. Lâobjet Ă capturer par sa face toujours sensible11.2.3. Lâobjet et ses aspĂ©ritĂ©s : objet Ă voir et objet Ă dire11.3. MickaĂ«l Le Mentec : les usages socio-Ă©ducatifsdes technologies numĂ©riques 11.3.1. Objets technologiques et leurs usages11.3.2. Technologies Ă©ducatives au collĂšge11.3.3. Technologies numĂ©riques, exclusion et inclusion11.4. Jean-François ThĂ©mines : des objets entre espace et apprentissages11.4.1. Des cartes et des espaces dâapprentissage 11.4.2. Des pratiques collaboratives en classe de gĂ©ographie11.4.3. Des objets et des Ă©preuves didactiques spĂ©cifiquesde mĂ©tiers de lâenseignement11.5. Abdelkarim Zaid : les objets en didactiquedes enseignements technologiques 11.5.1. Objet technique et culture technique11.5.2. Objet technique et savoirs requis pour le concevoir11.5.3. De lâobjet technique au dispositif 11.6. Bibliographie
Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium abscessus complex target distinct cystic fibrosis patient subpopulations
Background
Clinical observations suggest that Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) may affect cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with different characteristics and risk factors, but this has never been demonstrated within a single prospective cohort.
Methods
We studied 50 MABSC-positive and 23 MAC-positive patients from a French prevalence study of nonâtuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in CF. Risk factors specifically associated with MABSC and MAC were analyzed by nested caseâcontrol studies, with two NTM-negative controls matched by age, sex and center for each case.
Results
MAC-positive patients were significantly older than MABSC-positive patients (mean [SD] age, 23.1 [10.2] vs 17.4 [8.3] years, p=0.013), and were also older at CF diagnosis (mean [SD] age, 12.9 [16.1] vs 3.1 [7.7] years, p=0.015); they tended to be less frequent of the ÎF508/ÎF508 genotype (33.3 vs 61.1%, p=0.17) and to use pancreatic extracts less frequently (82.4 vs 97.6%, p=0.07). Risk factors identified by multivariate analysis were: i) in the MAC caseâcontrol study, an older age at CF diagnosis (p=0.004); ii) in the MABSC caseâcontrol study, at least one course of intravenous antibiotics (p=0.01) and more frequent isolation of Aspergillus (p=0.03).
Conclusions
MAC affects adult patients with a mild form of CF, whereas MABSC affects younger patients with more severe CF and more frequent intravenous antimicrobial treatment
Inhaled therapies, azithromycin and Mycobacterium abscessus in cystic fibrosis patients
International audienceCystic fibrosis (CF) patients are at particularly high risk of developing lung disease caused by Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC). Over the last 10 years, changes in CF treatment, with increasing use of inhaled therapies and low-dose azithromycin, have been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of MABSC infections in CF patients. There is therefore some concern about the role of new CF treatments in the emergence of MABSC infections. We addressed this issue by means of a case-control study including 30 MABSC-positive cases and 60 nontuberculous mycobacteria-negative CF controls matched for age, sex and centre. We also compared practices at the CF centres with the highest prevalence of MABSC with those at the other centres. No positive association was found between MABSC lung disease and the use of inhaled therapies or low-dose azithromycin in the 4 years preceding MABSC isolation. These treatments were not significantly more frequently used at the CF centres with the highest MABSC prevalence rates. In conclusion, there is no evidence for a link between M. abscessus complex lung disease and inhaled therapies or low-dose azithromycin in patients with CF
Les carnets aujourdâhui
Petit objet nomade Ă lâapparence souvent anodine, le carnet a dĂ©voilĂ© au fil du temps ses nombreuses potentialitĂ©s matĂ©rielles et crĂ©atives, exploitĂ©es autant par les Ă©crivains que les scientifiques, autant par les artistes que les thĂ©oriciens. Lâexploration de ces potentialitĂ©s en contexte dâapprentissage ou de formation rĂ©unit, depuis 2012, des chercheurs et des enseignants Ă lâĂ©cole supĂ©rieure du professorat et de lâĂ©ducation (ESPE) de lâuniversitĂ© de Caen Normandie. Leurs Ă©changes et leurs rĂ©flexions ont fait Ă©merger trois dimensions clĂ©s du carnet : la construction dâun sujet lecteur / scripteur Ă partir de carnets de lecture ou dâĂ©criture, lâapprentissage (inter)disciplinaire facilitĂ© par lâutilisation du carnet en classe, et enfin les liens complexes qui se tissent entre carnet, mobilitĂ© et interculturalitĂ©. De maniĂšre inĂ©dite, cet ouvrage croise les regards sur lâobjet carnet en proposant des dispositifs institutionnels, des recherches acadĂ©miques, anthropologiques et didactiques, mais aussi des comptes rendus dâexpĂ©riences sur le terrain, en classe comme en formation
Myelination induction by a histamine H3 receptor antagonist in a mouse model of preterm white matter injury
International audienc
Guillaume de Digulleville
AprĂšs un succĂšs continu jusquâau XVIe siĂšcle puis un oubli et un dĂ©nigrement dans le sillage dâautres textes allĂ©goriques et religieux, lâĆuvre de lâĂ©crivain normand Guillaume de Digulleville (1295-aprĂšs 1358) suscite depuis quelques annĂ©es de nombreux travaux dont tĂ©moigne lâabondante bibliographie dressĂ©e ici. Le colloque dâoctobre 2006 Ă Cerisy-la Salle a Ă©tĂ© avant tout lâoccasion dâun Ă©change entre des perspectives disciplinaires variĂ©es, pour dĂ©cloisonner des recherches trop souvent isolĂ©es, dresser un Ă©tat des lieux des travaux menĂ©s Ă ce jour et Ă©baucher des chantiers qui restent Ă explorer. Ces actes centrĂ©s sur les trois PĂšlerinages de Guillaume de Digulleville proposent donc des Ă©tudes sur sa reprĂ©sentation de lâau-delĂ et du salut, son esthĂ©tique allĂ©gorique, sa langue, sa versification ou bien encore sur lâhistoire et lâiconographie des manuscrits et imprimĂ©s de la trilogie. Figurant au nombre des textes français les plus lus de la fin du Moyen Ăge, les PĂšlerinages se distinguent par le nombre de leurs manuscrits et Ă©ditions anciennes, par leur audience europĂ©enne, Ă travers des traductions et adaptations en allemand, nĂ©erlandais, anglais, espagnol et mĂȘme latin⊠Des mises en prose ou des rĂ©Ă©critures partielles ont Ă©galement contribuĂ© Ă leur succĂšs, tout comme lâabondante iconographie qui leur est attachĂ©e. Ă cĂŽtĂ© des littĂ©raires et des linguistes, les historiens du livre, les historiens de lâart, des idĂ©es ou des mentalitĂ©s trouvent ici un riche domaine dâinvestigation
Comparing Mycobacterium massiliense and Mycobacterium abscessus lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients
Background
Mycobacterium massiliense is closely related to Mycobacterium abscessus and is also a frequent cause of mycobacterial lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). There has been no previous investigation of possible differences between M. massiliense and M. abscessus infections in the setting of CF.
Methods
We studied a prospective cohort of 16 M. massiliense and 27 M. abscessus lung infection cases with CF, with a mean follow-up of 6â
years.
Results
M. massiliense cases were younger than M. abscessus cases (mean age: 12.8 vs 17.1â
years; pâ
=â
0.02) at the time of the first mycobacterial isolation and also had lower body mass index values (mean: 16.4 vs 19.3â
kg/m2, pâ
=â
0.002). All M. massiliense cases, except one, had negative BMI Z-score values at the time of the first mycobacterial isolation (11/12 vs 16/23 M. abscessus cases, pâ
=â
0.04). Clarithromycin-based combination therapies led to mycobacterial eradication in 100% of M. massiliense cases but only in 27% of M. abscessus cases (pâ
=â
0.009).
Conclusion
Our data show a particular link between M. massiliense and malnutrition specifically in CF patients. Unlike M. abscessus, the bacteriological response of M. massiliense to combination antibiotic therapies containing clarithromycin was excellent. Distinguishing between M. massiliense and M. abscessus has major clinical implications for CF patients
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