Vitamin E Attenuates the Degree of Histopathological Lung Damage Following Toluene Diisocyanate Administration in Rats

In the current study we used a rat model of bronchial hyperreactivity induced by intranasal administration of toluene diisocyanate TDI in Wistar rats. Four experimental groups of were formed: TDI administration (TDI), control - administration of ethyl acetate (C), administration of vitamin E and TDI (TDI+E) administration of ethyl acetate and vitamin E (M+E). Our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of Vitamin E in attenuating the histopathological lesions induced by TDI in the lungs. The presence of anti-TDI IgE antibodies was demonstrated through the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis assay. Histopathological analysis of lung changes was performed by comparing the degree of peribronchiolar inflammation and goblet cell percentage between the different groups studied. Our results showed that rats sensitized to TDI presented severe inflammation of the airways, eosinophilic infiltration was present in the mid bronchi, and not limited to the central airways. Bronchial associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) hyperplasia and perivascular lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate were also identified, which is evidence of chronic inflammation of the airways. These changes were consistent with the inflammatory symptoms of bronchial hyper-reactivity observed which are similar to those in asthma patients. Vitamin E administration resulted in a statistical significant reduction in the percentage of goblet cells in the bronchial mucosa associated with a decrease inflammatory semiquantitative score, compared to the TDI group, but without statistical significance. Our data suggest that administration of vitamin E could be beneficial in attenuating the effects of TDI in individuals that develop bronchial asthma following TDI exposure

Experimental Measuring of Cardiac Output in Pigs during Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation: A Review Based on the Main Used Methods

Cardiac output (CO) is a critical circulatory parameter and, in correlation with otherparameters, it gives an accurate overview of the hemodynamic status of critical care patients.Continuous CO monitoring has been intensively studied and many invasive as well as noninvasivemethods have been developed, targeting accuracy, feasibility, efficiency and safety for thepatient. All of these methods have both advantages and disadvantages, which need to be correctlyunderstood in order to evaluate a patient’s response in the clinical setting.Out of all animal species, the pig is one of the most used models in experimental hemodynamicanalysis, having the advantage of a physiology that mostly resembles the human one. Therefore, thespecies is most suitable for research targeting human medicine.The aim of this paper is to review the available literature in correlation with the clinical reality,so as to offer an objective and helpful opinion on the topic

The Sensibility to Antimycotics of Some Candida Spp. Strains Isolated from Humans and Animals

The researches were made during February – June 2011 within the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. A total number of 16 Candida spp. strains isolated from both healthy and diseased animals from different species and humans and 2 ATCC strains, were tested regarding the sensitivity to antimycotics such as: Nystatin, Fluorocytosine, Miconazole, Itraconazole, Amphotericin B and Ketoconazole. For the isolated strains from parrot faeces, Miconazole and Amphotericin B were the most efficient; for dog otitis - Miconazole; for mastitis cow milk - Nystatin; for human tonsillitis – Amphotericin B; for ATCC 90028 – Miconazole and for ATCC 10231 – Amphotericin B. Regarding overall sensibility Miconazole was the most efficient antimycotic for all the strains tested in this study

An Episode of Proliferative Hemorrhagic Enteropathy Associated with Lawsonia Intracellularis in a Pig Farm from Romania

Introduction: In swine, Lawsonia intracellularis is known to be responsible for porcine proliferative enteropathy. The syndrome can be divided in an acute intestinal hemorrhage (proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy) affecting naïve adult pigs and a wasting disease (porcine intestinal adenomatosis) in growing pigs. As new diagnostic techniques develop, there is increased number of pig farms where L. intracellularis is being identified worldwide.Aims: There are few reports of L. intracellularis outbreaks in Romania. We aimed to describe the clinical signs, treatment, outcome, gross necropsy and histopathological lesions from an episode of proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy associated with L. intracellularis in a farm from Transylvania.Materials and methods: A farm of 4000 pigs (TOPIGS line) from Bistrita-Nasaud County. The microscopical examination was composed of Hematoxilin and Eosin exam, Warthin-Starry silver stain and immunohistochemistry for Multi-Cytokeratin.Results: Over a period of 6 days, a total number of 10 pigs dyed (from 2000 animals in the age group 90-120 days), and 1 pig dyed (from 1000 animals in the age group 60-90 days) with pallor, anorexia or with no clinical signs. Gross lesions were represented by pallor of the carcass and were restricted to the ileum. The intestinal wall was thicker (cerebriform aspect) and turgid. A mixture of blood and fibrin was present in the ileum, impregnating the faeces in the large intestine. Histologically the mucosa was thicker due to epithelial proliferation (Multi-Cytokeratin positive), with few Goblet cells, with severe erosion, necrosis and haemorrhage. Curved rod-shaped bacteria with morphology consistent with L. intracellularis were observed in the apical cytoplasm of epithelial cells using the Warthin-Starry silver stain. The food was medicated with chlortetracycline (20 - 40 mg a.s./kg b.w./day) and the pigs remained healthy, with no further mortality.Conclusion: We report here an outbreak of proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy associated with L. intracellularis in a pig farm from Romania, emphasizing the importance of early diagnostic and control measures for this disease

Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin, LyciumBarbarum and Chitosan Against of the Oxidative Stress Inducedby Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia

Purpose. The purpose of this study was toobserve, highlight and quantify the neuroprotective effects of these naturalantioxidants’ administration. Chronic and acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia(HH) induces changes of the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in the brain andthroughout the body. It has been shown that natural antioxidants supplementation(Quercetin, Lycium barbarum and Chitosan) is effective in preventing thehypoxic stress. Study design. Thepresent study was conducted on male, Wistar rats, exposed to acute and chronichypobaric hypoxia (5500 m, 23h/day) for different periods of time (1 or 14days) or kept in normoxia for 14 days. Some of the rats were administerednatural antioxidants one day before the first HH exposure and 14 days beforeand prior to every hypoxic exposure for the next 14 days. At the end of thestudy the animals were euthanized and the brains were harvested and stored forfurther analysis. Brain sections were obtained and examined histopathologicallyto determine the number of neurons in necrosis/apoptosis. Results. The results show a negative effect of chronic hypobarichypoxia on the neurons viability and neuroprotective effects of naturalantioxidants’ administration. Conclusion.This study suggests that the treatment with Quercetin, Lycium barbarum orChitosan alone substantially ameliorated induced brain dysfunction and actslike a neuroprotectant

Extraskeletal Subcutaneous Osteosarcoma of the Rump in a Rottweiler: A Case Report

Canine extraskeletal osteosarcomas are rare tumors, and subcutaneous osteosarcoma in particularis extremely rare diagnosed in dogs. The current report presents a case of a subcutaneous tumor in the upperleft rump of a 9 years old, male Rottweiler dog. The mass measured 6.0×5.5×4.2 cm, was encapsulated, firm,multilobulated, adherent to the muscles in the area, grew slow, in about nine months. Cytology examfollowing fine neeedle aspirate revealed small clusters of spindle shaped cells with oval nuclei with 2 -3prominent nucleoli, and strongly basophilic cytoplasm, with small vacuoles. Cytological exam was followedby surgery, and the animal presented no signs of recurrence, or metastasis, at 115 days post-excision.Histological exam revealed clusters of large, pleomorphic, round to oval shaped cells, irregular ovoid tospindle nuclei with highly mitotic figures some showing osteoid and bony formation. Cytopathological andhistopathological findings led to the conclusion that the soft tissue tumor should be diagnosed as asubcutaneous osteosarcoma. In this report, we describe a case of primary extraskeletal subcutaneousosteosarcoma with cytological and histopathological findings

Severe Gallbladder Hydrops (Mucocel) Following Obstructive Cholangioma (Biliary Adenoma) in a Cattle

This article describes a case of obstructive cholangioma (biliary adenoma) followed by  severe hydrops (mucocelle of the gallbladder) in an adult bovine. The animal, a six year old female, crossbred cattle, was presented to the necropsy following an acute episode of postpartum septicemia. At necropsy the cholecyst was overdistended, with thick walls and field with 2 liters of  clear-mucous content. Proximal to the emergence of the common bile duct, a well-circumscribed,  sessile, cauliflower-shaped  tumoral mass messuring  4/6 cm, obstruction to bile flow was identified. Cholangioma (cholangiocellular adenoma, biliary adenoma) was histologically diagnosticated bassed on the well-differentiated gland-like structures of the tumor, containing  papillary projections covered by cuboidal and prismatic epithelium immunohistochemically positive at cytokeratin 19. In the rest of the gallbladder wall mucinous hyperplasia and discreet mononuclear inflammation was noticed. In this study we described, from our knowledge for the first time in cattle, a case of gallbladder mucocel due to obstructive cholangioma

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) in a European Bison (Bison Bonasus) - Anatomopathological Findings and Diagnosis

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) in a European Bison (Bison Bonasus) - Anatomopathological Findings and Diagnosi

Correlation Between Hepatic Lipogranuloma Pigmentation and Stage of Cronic Liver Disease in Dogs

Introduction: Hepatic lipogranulomas are poorly defined lesions and have an undetermined significance and etiology. They are often found in the hepatic parenchyma of dogs, and are associated with previous hepatocyte death and circulatory disorders. Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the correlation between the pigmentation and localization of hepatic lipogranulomas and the evolutive stage of chronic liver disease in dogs. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on a total of 25 liver samples obtained after necropsy from dogs with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, lobular dissecting hepatitis, chronic hepatitis) with or without portosystemic shunts. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin method for morphological diagnosis and for the identification of lipogranulomas. For characterization of intracytoplasmic pigments special histochemical methods were used (Perl’s reaction, PAS reaction, Oil red, Hall method, Rodamine stain). Immunohistochemical exam using antibodies against CD 68, and fluorescence microscopy was also performed. Results: In the present study we described two types of hepatic lipogranulomas: diffuse septal and intralobular well delimited. The grade of pigmentation and chemical composition of intracytoplasmic pigments changed over time, if in the initial phases lipogranulomas were diffuse, less pigmented and pigments were predominantly represented by ceroid, in later stages (with portosystemic shunts) lipogranulomas were heavily pigmented, pigments being represented primarily by hemosiderin. Conclusion: In the present study we showed that pigmentation of hepatic lipogranulomas is more intense in the late stages of chronic liver disease, when portal hypertension with portosystemic shunts occurs and the predominant pigment changes from ceroid to hemosiderin

Immunohistochemical Markers for Hepatic Myofibroblast Identification in Dogs with Chronic Liver Disease

Immunohistochemical Markers for Hepatic Myofibroblast Identification in Dogs with Chronic Liver Diseas