The AaO as building block in the coupling of text kinematics with the resonating structure of a metaphor

This article presents a study of the metaphor as instrument for the direct perception of events. Its major hypothesis refers to the event structure embedded in the ground of a metaphor. Since the ground is implicit in the linguistic manifestation, an invariant representation of textual movement patterns is assumed to capture the event structure. Experimentally, it is demonstrated that an event is perceivable only through structure. To capture the event means to conserve its structure. As a result, it is demonstrated that the functional symmetry of a metaphor can be established in the form of attractors evolving in state spaces

Individual growth in competence

This article presents the second study in a series that has been designed to manifest the emergence of consciousness and to measure developed competence. Its major aim has been to demonstrate that an invariant formulation of the Agent-action-Objective model and an analysis of its A-O kinematics have the capacity to re-produce contour similarity over time. Within the studied evolutionary-developmental context, the bio-kinematics of the discove¬red AaO-mechanism has governed the synthesising of information. It has been possible to demonstrate variations in growth as changes in complexity. When the two participating students are compared, differences in their perspectivation, and consequently in their attractor spaces, become apparent. Based on coordinated structural invariants, it has been possible to show that the convoluted spaces of the student, who has followed the analytic-descriptive approach, is concerned with the concrete level of the tested story. On the other hand, the student, who is following a synthetic-reflective strategy, seems to concentrate mainly on the symbolic level. Thus, from the developmental point of view, it has been possible to demonstrate that the AaO-mechanism is tracing embodied growth, which becomes manifest in the differences of the students’ ability to adapt to the main idea of the given story

Real time imaging of the rotation mechanism producing interview-based language spaces

The article is advancing the bio-kinetic hypothesis of string rotation. Demonstrated is a stepping function. This function shows that the discovered mechanism is working within single "AaO" units. By attaching a dot to the string, states of rotation can be marked and imaged in real time. In keeping track of the orientation of the dot, sliding over the domains (A, O) is demonstrated and the involved state changes have been made manifest. Textually, it is demonstrated that the "AaO" units have the capacity to keep track of the rotations and to assemble elements that are temporarily fitting the developing structures

The morphogenesis of intention and structural stability of motifs.

This article is based on the Agent-action-Objective (AaO) axiom and assumes that intention can be discovered and made evident. But this requirement can be satisfied only under the condition that a particular individual can be identified with his style of writing. This implies that the nature of writing becomes approachable. Getting a style under control presupposes the A-component, which is discussed with a focus on string rotation and the establishment of lawful relations that include intention in laws that are governing the patterning of strings. It is demonstrated that angular articulations are characterising dynamical string movements. However, independent of their textually embedded magnitudes, they cannot survive. As the result of the text production of two Swedish students, convoluted structures have come into existence and reflect transformations on the meaning of topological invariants. Thus, spaces have been realised, which have been shown to restrict string rotations. Over the given environments, it is demonstrated that uniqueness is achieved in the comprehension of a particular task. In the formation of motifs, the morphogenesis of intention and its structural stability have provided the basis for a 3D writing style control, while the growth curves of motifs have been shown to evolve in complex landscapes

The long-term effects of development aid - Empirical studies in rural West Africa.

This article is based on field studies in rural West Africa. It concentrates on the socio-structural effects of development aid in the long run, in contrast to numerous available evaluation reports on the short-run effects of development projects. The study reveals that superficial generalisations or condemnations of development projects, like the big farmers benefit at the expense of the smaller ones, or the men benefit at the expense of the women, do not hold up to verification. Quite to the contrary one observes a wide range of specific adapted forms by which the target groups react to the demands and offers of development projects, and thereby transform their own social structure. In short, one observes a great diversity of social self-organisation. The bureaucratic structures of the development administration do, however, unfortunately - more often than not - ignore the social dynamic of their target groups which they nevertheless sustain unconsciously. Development aid has become an important political and economic factor in most African countries. Its financial impact often exceeds that of the national budget. It contributes, therefore, significantly to the development of a bureaucratic class and of its clients: the project development degenerates into a project nationalization / bureaucratization. This contrasts vividly with the strategies of the peasants. Men and women at village level do not accept any longer the paternalistic development approach. They just select what they need out of the packages of solutions that are offered to them, while they develop their own solutions, like a variety of seeds adapted to their specific resource endowments, diversified sources of income, different strategies of accumulation and risk prevention. All this allows for a gradual evolution by variation and selection. The dynamic of the rural society is to a large extent due to a competition of different (strategic) groups, opposed to one another, about the partitioning of the cake of development aid. Normally this struggle between different vested interests is covered up by the rhetoric of development planning. Planned development has up to now proven to be to rigid, to be able to take account of the complex and subtle fabric of self organisation. Aid sometimes appears to be a second best substitute for a vision of a democratic society. This is due to the fact that the structures we are aiming for in the long run - which are to allow for open markets, an orientation of the producers at the resources and needs of the nation, and last not least, the growth of indigenous structures of self-help - would require a responsible and democratic government, as well as the guarantee of civil rights, accountability, an independent judiciary, freedom of the press, etc.; up to now, however, all these elements are still oppressed by the commando state itself, well nourished by the various forms of technical and financial aid.development cooperation; ODA; evaluation; Africa; social structure;

The local appropriation of democracy : an analysis of the municipal elections in Parakou, Republic of Benin, 2002/03

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Transformation of a word model to a geometric space description

On the basis of the Agent-action-Objective (AaO) paradigm, it will be shown how the transformation of a word model to a geometric space description can be made the founda¬tion for an approach to informational invariants. In particular, the word model of a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) has been used for simplifying the involved procedures. Since the explanation of a causal loop requires a verbal description of what is in the links, this kind of discourse is necessarily dependent on its producer’s intention and orientation. Both can be discovered through the functional geometry of non-linearly working language mechanisms. Although covered by textual surface properties, corresponding language spaces are approachable with VERTEX, which is a new version of Perspective Text Analysis (PTA). Moreover, reproduced order parameters are the result of the strict dependencies, which are characteristic of the entangled [AaO] units of the (AaO) model. Relative phase stability in the developing variables (a) of the A-component and (b) of the O-component of the model has revealed that VERTEX has the capacity to manifest the structural symmetry of the emerging A- and O-strands. Furthermore, the overall symmetry of the strands is a consequence of apparent super-string disparity, which has important theoretical implications

Simulating strategies of interactive behaviour

Effective communication is of crucial importance for the development of effective social organisations. Deficient communication combined with rapid technological and social changes appears to lead to both ecological and psychological imbalance. An increasing number of environmental groups are working for ecological improvements, but young people seem to find it increasingly difficult to master the task of developing an integrated personality. This shows itself in stress and an inability to develop flexible be¬havioural strategies in interaction with other people. For the purpose of testing new models and constructing new instruments for analysis and training of the individual’s way of observing, evaluating and integrating information about himself and his surroundings in existing cog¬nitive structures, based on a psycho-ecological model, a simulator for interactive behaviour has been developed. Basically, it is assumed that perceptual experiences are directly related to events and that a person must first become aware (observe) and understand (analyse and synthesise) events before what he has experienced can be integrated into an existing cognitive pattern

Consciousness in historical time: Tacitus on the Suiones

Since knowability must emanate from the single individual, singularity constitutes the frame of reference, and the embodiment of knowing is expected to emerge through individual text production. Furthermore, the basis of the presented studies will consist of text materials with unknown frame factors. This is especially underlined by the fact that history at the Times of Tacitus was an art, not a science. It follows that only the individual text producer, namely Tacitus himself, can provide the unique physical space-time context. Only he has the capability to produce a discourse on the given subject. This capacity is contributing to the fact that the present approach is binding intentional dynamics to the production of textual movement patterns. Finally, structure cannot be imposed a priory, but can only be discovered. Thus, the question to be answered need to address the kind of structure that is establishing itself during production. The Latin text of Tacitus on the Suiones makes up the precondition for the establishment of Potential Energy Surfaces (PES) as well as Free Energy Surfaces (FES). In two separate although connected studies, strings of graphemes provide the foundation for the unfolding as well as folding of their textual resonance spaces. Thereby, produced and shaped consciousness can be established and described structurally with two global state attractors, carrying the inclusive names of Safeguard for Intention and Mastery for the Orientation. Hence, the basic focus will be on textual pattern dynamics as outcome of a subtle interplay between intentionality and orientation, for which the AaO axiom provides the proper foundation