Election results and the Sznajd model on Barabasi network

The network of Barabasi and Albert, a preferential growth model where a new node is linked to the old ones with a probability proportional to their connectivity, is applied to Brazilian election results. The application of the Sznajd rule, that only agreeing pairs of people can convince their neighbours, gives a vote distribution in good agreement with reality.Comment: 7 pages including two figures, for Eur. Phys. J.

Spin Hall effect due to intersubband-induced spin-orbit interaction in symmetric quantum wells

We investigate the intrinsic spin Hall effect in two-dimensional electron gases in quantum wells with two subbands, where a new intersubband-induced spin-orbit coupling is operative. The bulk spin Hall conductivity $\sigma^z_{xy}$ is calculated in the ballistic limit within the standard Kubo formalism in the presence of a magnetic field $B$ and is found to remain finite in the B=0 limit, as long as only the lowest subband is occupied. Our calculated $\sigma^z_{xy}$ exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior and can change its sign as the Fermi energy (the carrier areal density $n_{2D}$) is varied between the subband edges. We determine the magnitude of $\sigma^z_{xy}$ for realistic InSb quantum wells by performing a self-consistent calculation of the intersubband-induced spin-orbit coupling.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Visualização de dados arqueológicos: Um exemplo de utilização do visualization toolkit

A Arqueologia tem como principal objectivo reconstruir todo o processo que conduziu à formação do registo arqueológico. Ou seja, pretende-se compreender como foram erguidos edifícios e estruturas, e como foram destruídos e cobertos por sucessivas camadas de terra. Entender os mecanismos de formação de um arqueosítio é fundamental para a sua interpretação. Modelos 3D de reconstituição de edifícios são uma importante ferramenta para assistir o arqueólogo nesta tarefa. Com este trabalho pretende-se mostrar que a aplicação de técnicas actuais de Visualização a dados arqueológicos é uma mais-valia importante na prossecução desses objectivos. Para isso desenvolveu-se um primeiro protótipo de aplicação, com base no VTK, que importa dados arqueológicos e modelos reconstruídos, e permite a sua visualização interactiva. É possível realizar um conjunto de operações sobre os modelos visualizados, com o objectivo de proporcionar aos arqueólogos diferentes tipos de leitura de um arqueosítio

Emergence of Hierarchy on a Network of Complementary Agents

Complementarity is one of the main features underlying the interactions in biological and biochemical systems. Inspired by those systems we propose a model for the dynamical evolution of a system composed by agents that interact due to their complementary attributes rather than their similarities. Each agent is represented by a bit-string and has an activity associated to it; the coupling among complementary peers depends on their activity. The connectivity of the system changes in time respecting the constraint of complementarity. We observe the formation of a network of active agents whose stability depends on the rate at which activity diffuses in the system. The model exhibits a non-equilibrium phase transition between the ordered phase, where a stable network is generated, and a disordered phase characterized by the absence of correlation among the agents. The ordered phase exhibits multi-modal distributions of connectivity and activity, indicating a hierarchy of interaction among different populations characterized by different degrees of activity. This model may be used to study the hierarchy observed in social organizations as well as in business and other networks.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, submitte

Characterizing neuromorphologic alterations with additive shape functionals

The complexity of a neuronal cell shape is known to be related to its function. Specifically, among other indicators, a decreased complexity in the dendritic trees of cortical pyramidal neurons has been associated with mental retardation. In this paper we develop a procedure to address the characterization of morphological changes induced in cultured neurons by over-expressing a gene involved in mental retardation. Measures associated with the multiscale connectivity, an additive image functional, are found to give a reasonable separation criterion between two categories of cells. One category consists of a control group and two transfected groups of neurons, and the other, a class of cat ganglionary cells. The reported framework also identified a trend towards lower complexity in one of the transfected groups. Such results establish the suggested measures as an effective descriptors of cell shape

The Spread of Opinions and Proportional Voting

Election results are determined by numerous social factors that affect the formation of opinion of the voters, including the network of interactions between them and the dynamics of opinion influence. In this work we study the result of proportional elections using an opinion dynamics model similar to simple opinion spreading over a complex network. Erdos-Renyi, Barabasi-Albert, regular lattices and randomly augmented lattices are considered as models of the underlying social networks. The model reproduces the power law behavior of number of candidates with a given number of votes found in real elections with the correct slope, a cutoff for larger number of votes and a plateau for small number of votes. It is found that the small world property of the underlying network is fundamental for the emergence of the power law regime.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Imagem por ressonância magnética nuclear: aplicações em amostras de carne.

bitstream/CNPDIA-2010/12629/1/CT103-2009.pd

Visualização e análise de dados arqueológicos usando o visualization toolkit

Os modelos virtuais são cada vez mais utilizados quer na divulgação de sítios arqueológicos, quer como ferramentas auxiliares do trabalho de investigação dos arqueólogos. Para tal, modelos 3D construídos com base numa interpretação dos dados arqueológicos, ou numa leitura de planos de escavação, podem ser entendidos como maquetas digitais virtuais, que podem ser “desmontadas” para melhor analisar e compreender uma reconstrução de estruturas arquitectónicas encontradas numa escavação, ou a visualização da distribuição espacial dos achados. Este artigo apresenta um segundo protótipo de uma aplicação que disponibiliza um conjunto de funcionalidades adequadas à análise arqueológica e que actuam sobre modelos virtuais 3D. À semelhança do anterior, este protótipo foi desenvolvido com base no VTK e permite atingir os objectivos definidos: (1) utilização de modelos 3D como ferramentas auxiliares do trabalho de investigação arqueológica e (2) reconstrução de sequências de planos de escavação. As novas leituras, decorrentes da combinação arbitrária de operações de rotação, translação, ampliação/redução, “desmontagem” e seccionamento de modelos 3D, permitem aos utilizadores do sistema compreender melhor os sítios arqueológicos em estudo.Zacon Grou

Plurality Voting: the statistical laws of democracy in Brazil

We explore the statistical laws behind the plurality voting system by investigating the election results for mayor held in Brazil in 2004. Our analysis indicate that the vote partition among mayor candidates of the same city tends to be "polarized" between two candidates, a phenomenon that can be closely described by means of a simple fragmentation model. Complex concepts like "government continuity" and "useful vote" can be identified and even statistically quantified through our approach.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Spin-orbit interaction in symmetric wells with two subbands

We investigate the spin-orbit (s-o) interaction in two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) in quantum wells with two subbands. From the $8\times 8$ Kane model, we derive a new inter-subband-induced s-o term which resembles the functional form of the Rashba s-o -- but is non-zero even in \emph{symmetric} structures. This follows from the distinct parity of the confined states (even/odd) which obliterates the need for asymmetric potentials. We self-consistently calculate the new s-o coupling strength for realistic wells and find it comparable to the usual Rashba constant. Our new s-o term gives rise to a non-zero ballistic spin-Hall conductivity, which changes sign as a function of the Fermi energy ($\epsilon_F$), and can induce an unusual \emph{zitterbewegung} with cycloidal trajectories \textit{without} magnetic fields.Comment: v2: 4 two-column pages, 3 figures (added spin Hall conductivity and self-consistent calculation