Study of Serum Adipocytokines and Lipid Profile with Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: The primary health issues worldwide which silently kill are Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and obesity with the prevalence range of respectfully. The adipose tissue functions play a critical role mainly in glucose and lipid homeostasis. The expansion of the adipocyte mainly leads to chronic low-grade inflammation by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as adiponectin & leptin and others. The adiponectin has anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory properties and is also considered a metabolic hormone which influences the glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of the study is to study the significance of serum adiponectin [HMW] and serum leptin and its correlation with the Lipid profile and the study of atherogenic index [AI] in the first-degree relatives [FDR] of diabetic family [DF] and non-diabetic family [nDF]. Materials & Methods: Present study is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 100 first-degree relatives [FDR] of both diabetic and non-diabetic families, along with their parents 50 type 2 diabetic patients and 50 non-diabetic patients. We have categorized the above study participants as groups with a and b as the diabetic and non-diabetic parents and a1 & b1 as the FDR of diabetic [DF] and non-diabetic family [nDF]. Fasting lipid profile, serum adiponectin [HMW] & serum leptin were analysed in all four groups. Result: Serum adiponectin is found significant with serum triglycerides, serum low-density lipoprotein [LDL], Leptin/adiponectin ratio and Atherogenic index [AI] between a & b and a1 & b1 groups. Conclusion: The serum adiponectin is correlated with serum Total cholesterol, TGL, LDL, Leptin/adiponectin ratio and atherogenic index mainly in the a1 first-degree relatives [FDR] of positive diabetic family history, which can be considered as the biomarker for the future risk of diabetic dyslipidaemia