Factors affecting the patterns of total amount and proportions of leukocytes in Bovine milk

Differential leukocyte count (DSCC) in milk is considered important to improve knowledge of udder immune response. The investigations on milk DSCC were limited by the techniques available until recently, when a high-throughput tool to perform DSCC opened the way to explore these factors in rapid and economically sustainable ways. We hypothesized that DSCC alone does not fully describe the pattern of these cells, since the total amount is also influenced by milk yield and SCC. Therefore, this study was designed to describe DSCC and total amount of different leukocytes in milk during the course of lactation in cows differing in parity and in levels of SCC. This study considered 17,939 individual milk tests from 12 dairy herds in Lombardy Region, where DCC testing was applied in the period of February 2018\u2013December 2019 (23 months). The samples were divided into two subsets\u2014\u201chealthy\u201d (HS) with SCC 64200,000 cells/mL and \u201cinflamed\u201d (IS) with SCC >200,000 cells/mL. Cow in HS have a P + LT average between 5.0 7 108 and 3.0 7 109 cells. In IS cows, the values were 1.6 7 1010 and 2.5 7 1010. Therefore, the presence of a well-defined inflammatory process increased the overall amount of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and lymphocytes (LYM) of 1 log, from 1 7 109 to 1 7 1010. The assessment of the total amount of PMN and LYM, to our knowledge, have never been reported in scientific literature; the values observed may be proposed as benchmarks for studies on udder immune response. When data were analyzed by days in milk (DIM),they showed that cows in first and second lactation have a significantly lower amount of PMN + LYM, when compared to cows in third and higher lactation. However, these differences are numerically not very large (7%), and suggest that, in healthy animals, the number of immune cells is kept as constant as possible. In IS, the analysis of trends based on DIM showed that both DSCC and P + LT have a significant negative trend. These data suggest that only in this group, the presence of high SCC as lactation proceeds is associated with a progressive increase in the number of macrophages. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing the pattern of DSCC and the total amount of PMN + LYM in relation to parity, days in milk, and SCC, and it may be considered as the first contribution in the investigation on mammary gland immune response by the means of differential cell counts in milk

Bilateral neglected posterior dislocation of the shoulder treated by reverse arthroplasty and contralateral osteochondral autograft. A case report

Bilateral posterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is an uncommon event, that can be missed at the initial presentation. We report the case of a 76-year old woman, who suffered a traumatic bilateral posterior dislocation, that was diagnosed three months later. She underwent surgical treatment on both shoulders in a single stage. Since the right shoulder showed a defect of the articular surface >50%, a reverse shoulder arthroplasty was performed on this side. The resected portion of the humeral head was retrieved and used as osteochondral graft to fill the reverse Hill-Sachs lesion of the left shoulder. At 18-month follow up, the patient was pain-free and had recovered excellent shoulder function on both sides: Constant score was 79 for the right shoulder and 88 for the left one. X-rays showed a grade 1 scapular notch of the right reverse prosthesis and good incorporation of the graft in the left shoulder, with no evidence of degenerative joint changes. Neglected posterior dislocations of the shoulder can be surgically treated by replacement or reconstruction. In case of bilateral injuries, the surgeon should carefully evaluate the pathoanatomy of both glenohumeral joints in order to choose and plan the most suitable procedure. If shoulder replacement is required on one side, the resected portion of the humeral head can be used as osteochondral autograft for a reconstruction procedure in the opposite side. The choice is influenced by several variables and decision-making might be challenging

Digital native students using nutritional apps: are they more adherent to a mediterranean diet model? Results from the good APPetite survey

Reading and understanding food labels are crucial steps in healthy dietary choices. Nutritionrelated applications (n-apps) have increased in the recent years and the aim of this study was to assess the use and the perception of n-apps among a population of university students, also investigating the attitude and relationship with reading food labels and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Medi-Lite score). In 2023, 316 students, mainly attending the courses of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dietetics at the University of Brescia, Italy, completed an anonymous and specifically designed survey. 33.9% of the students stated that they use or have used n-apps. The most used apps were Yuka, MyFitnessPal, Fat Secret and Yazio, especially for the ease of use, speed, nutritional values estimation and barcode reading. 53.2% and 53.5% of the students declared to be food information and nutrition label readers respectively and the Medi-Lite mean value was 9.98 ± 2.46. N-app-users were significantly more attentive to food information and nutrition label than app not-users (both p < 0.0001) and recorded a Medi-Lite score significantly higher (p = 0.0131). The present study found for the first time an extensive correlation between the use of n-apps, the food labels awareness and healthy eating habits in a digitally native population

Dinâmica espaço-temporal de Rhopalosiphum padi e disseminação de BYDV-PAV - calibração do modelo ABISM utilizando microparcelas.

Orientador: José Maurício Cunha Fernandes

Electron Density and Temperature in NIO1 RF Source Operated in Oxygen and Argon

The NIO1 experiment, built and operated at Consorzio RFX, hosts an RF negative ion source, from which it is possible to produce a beam of maximum 130 mA in H- ions, accelerated up to 60 kV. For the preliminary tests of the extraction system the source has been operated in oxygen, whose high electronegativity allows to reach useful levels of extracted beam current. The efficiency of negative ions extraction is strongly influenced by the electron density and temperature close to the Plasma Grid, i.e. the grid of the acceleration system which faces the source. To support the tests, these parameters have been measured by means of the Optical Emission Spectroscopy diagnostic. This technique has involved the use of an oxygen-argon mixture to produce the plasma in the source. The intensities of specific Ar I and Ar II lines have been measured along lines of sight close to the Plasma Grid, and have been interpreted with the ADAS package to get the desired information. This work will describe the diagnostic hardware, the analysis method and the measured values of electron density and temperature, as function of the main source parameters (RF power, pressure, bias voltage and magnetic filter field). The main results show that not only electron density but also electron temperature increase with RF power; both decrease with increasing magnetic filter field. Variations of source pressure and plasma grid bias voltage appear to affect only electron temperature and electron density, respectively.Comment: 7 pages 4 figures. Contributed paper for the NIBS 2016 conference. Accepted manuscrip

Fatigue properties of Ti6Al4V cellular specimens fabricated via SLM: CAD vs real geometry

Abstract Fully dense titanium alloy implants have long been used for the replacement and stabilization of damaged bone tissue. Nevertheless, they can cause stress shielding which brings to a loss of bone mass. Additive manufacturing (AM) allows obtaining highly porous cellular structures with a wide range of cell morphologies to tune the mechanical properties to match that of the patient's bone. In this work, the fully reversed fatigue strength of cellular specimens produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was measured. Their structures are determined by cubic cells packed in six different ways and their elastic modulus is roughly 3GPa to match that of trabecular bone. Part of the specimens was left as sintered and part treated by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). The fatigue resistance of such AM parts can be affected by surface morphology, geometrical accuracy as well as internal defects. Micro X-ray computed tomography (CT) was used in this work to compare the geometry of the produced specimens with the CAD model and to carry out residual stress measurements using the Plasma FIB-SEM-DIC micro-hole drilling method

Prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of fruit and vegetables by adolescents in public schools in Caruaru, Pernambuco state

Title, Abstract and Keywords in Português and English only. Title without diacritics: Prevalencia e fatores associados ao consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras entre adolescentes de escolas públicas de Caruaru, PETrata-se de um estudo transversal de base escolar que avaliou a prevalência e fatores associados ao consumo diário de frutas, legumes e verduras (FLV) entre adolescentes de escolas públicas de Caruaru (PE). Para avaliar os fatores associados ao consumo diário de FLV, realizou-se análise multivariável e hierarquizada, por regressão de Poisson, com variáveis sociodemográficas no primeiro nível, comportamentais no segundo e alimentares no terceiro. Os resultados mostraram que, dos 600 adolescentes entrevistados, 10% informaram não consumir frutas e 30,7% não consomem legumes/verduras. A prevalência de consumo diário de frutas foi 32,9% e de legumes/verduras 29%. Apenas 6,5% dos adolescentes consomem ambos os alimentos diariamente. Somente o consumo diário de legumes/verduras apresentou diferença segundo sexo (maior nas meninas). O consumo diário de frutas foi 63% maior entre residentes da zona urbana. Não ingerir álcool esteve associado com maior consumo de frutas, mas não com o de legumes/verduras. O consumo diário de frutas e legumes/verduras foi 2,4 vezes maior entre adolescentes que consomem arroz e feijão diariamente. O consumo diário de FLV entre adolescentes caruaruenses é inferior ao recomendado, estando associado ao sexo, zona de residência, consumo de álcool e de arroz e feijão. = This is a cross-sectional school-based study that evaluated the prevalence and associated factors of the daily intake of fruit and vegetables by adolescents at public schools in Caruaru, Pernambuco. Poisson regression with a hierarchical model, including sociodemographic variables in the first hierarchical level, behavioral variables in the second and diet-related variables in the third was used to assess the factors associated with fruit and vegetable intake. The results showed that of the 600 adolescents interviewed, 10% reported never eating fruit and 30.7% mentioned not eating vegetables. Prevalence of fruit intake was 32.9% and vegetables 29.0%. Only 6.5% reported eating both kinds of food daily. Merely the daily vegetable intake showed a significant difference according to sex (higher among girls). Daily fruit intake was 63% higher among adolescents living in urban areas. Not consuming alcohol was associated with higher fruit intake, though not to vegetable intake. Daily intake of fruits and vegetables was 2.4 times higher among adolescents who consumed rice and beans daily. Daily fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents in Caruaru is below the recommendations, and was associated with gender, residence area, consumption of alcoholic beverages and consumption of rice and beans.Ludmila Correa Muniz, Roberta de Vargas Zanini, Bruna Celestino Schneider, Rafael Miranda Tassitano, Wallacy Milton do Nascimento Feitosa, David Alejandro González-Chic

Dinâmica espaço-temporal de Rhopalosiphum padi e disseminação de BYDV-PAV.

Orientador: Douglas Lau

Applications residual control charts based on variable limits

The main purpose of this paper is to verify the stability of a productive process in the presence of the effects of autocorrelation and volatility, in order to capture these characteristics by a joint forecast model which produces residuals that are evaluated by a control chart based on variable control limits. The methodology employed will be the joint estimation of the residuals by ARIMA – ARCH models and the conditional standard deviation from residuals to establish the chart control limits. The joint AR (1)-ARCH (1) model shows that an appropriate forecasting model brings a great contribution to the performance of residual control charts in monitoring the stability of industrial variables using just one chart to monitor mean and variance togetherinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio