Negations in syllogistic reasoning: Evidence for a heuristic–analytic conflict

An experiment utilizing response time measures was conducted to test dominant processing strategies in syllogistic reasoning with the expanded quantifier set proposed by Roberts (2005). Through adding negations to existing quantifiers it is possible to change problem surface features without altering logical validity. Biases based on surface features such as atmosphere, matching, and the probability heuristics model (PHM; Chater & Oaksford, 1999; Wetherick & Gilhooly, 1995) would not be expected to show variance in response latencies, but participant responses should be highly sensitive to changes in the surface features of the quantifiers. In contrast, according to analytic accounts such as mental models theory and mental logic (e.g., Johnson-Laird & Byrne, 1991; Rips, 1994) participants should exhibit increased response times for negated premises, but not be overly impacted upon by the surface features of the conclusion. Data indicated that the dominant response strategy was based on a matching heuristic, but also provided evidence of a resource-demanding analytic procedure for dealing with double negatives. The authors propose that dual-process theories offer a stronger account of these data whereby participants employ competing heuristic and analytic strategies and fall back on a heuristic response when analytic processing fails

Sensitivity analysis of the seawater greenhouse

Sensitivity analysis of the seawater greenhous

Magnetic Phase Separation in the Oxypnictide Sr2Cr1.85 Mn1.15As2O2

The authors thank the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) for provision of neutron beamtime at the ILL under the experiment code 5-31-2665. Data are available from ILL at DOI:10.5291/ILL-DATA.5-31-2665.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The suppression of CMR in Nd(Mn1−xCox)AsO0.95F0.05

This research is supported by the EPSRC (research grant EP/L002493/1). We also acknowledge the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) for provision of beam time at ISIS.Peer reviewedPostprin

The Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Cation Ordered Sr2Mn2.23Cr0.77As2O2

ACKNOWLEDGMENT This research is supported by the EPSRC (research grant EP/L002493/1). We also acknowledge the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) for provision of beam time at the ILL.Peer reviewedPostprin

Electronic Phase Separation in the Hexagonal Perovskite Ba3SrMo2O9

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland for a PhD Scholarship for S.S. We acknowledge STFC-GB for provision of beamtime at the ILL. We also thank Dr. Mark Senn (University of Warwick) for useful discussions.Peer reviewedPostprin

Anomalous evolution of the magnetocaloric effect in dilute triangular Ising antiferromagnets Tb1−xYx(HCO2)3Tb_{1-x}Y_{x}(HCO_{2})_{3}

We investigate the effects of diamagnetic doping in the solid-solution series $Tb_{1-x}Y_{x}(HCO_{2})_{3}$, in which the parent $Tb(HCO_{2})_{3}$ phase has previously been shown to host a combination of frustrated and quasi-1D physics, giving rise to a triangular Ising antiferromagnetic ground state that lacks long range 3D order. Heat capacity measurements show three key features: (i) a low temperature Schottky anomaly is observed, which is constant as a function of x; (ii) the transition temperature and associated entropy change are both surprisingly robust to diamagnetic doping; and (iii) an additional contribution at T < 0.4 K appears with increasing x. The origin of this unusual behaviour is rationalised in terms of the fragmentation of quasi-1D spin chains by the diamagnetic $Y^{3+}$ dopant. Magnetocaloric measurements show a nonlinear dependence on x. The mass-weighted magnetocaloric entropy decreases across the series from the promising values in $Tb(HCO_{2})_{3}$; however, the magnetocaloric entropy per magnetic $Tb^{3+}$ ion first decreases then increases with increasing x. Our results establish $Tb_{1-x}Y_{x}(HCO_{2})_{3}$ as a model system in which to explore the functional ramifications of dilution in a low-dimensional magnet.Comment: 11 pages and 5 figures excluding supplementary informatio