15,719 research outputs found
Critical properties of an aperiodic model for interacting polymers
We investigate the effects of aperiodic interactions on the critical behavior
of an interacting two-polymer model on hierarchical lattices (equivalent to the
Migadal-Kadanoff approximation for the model on Bravais lattices), via
renormalization-group and tranfer-matrix calculations. The exact
renormalization-group recursion relations always present a symmetric fixed
point, associated with the critical behavior of the underlying uniform model.
If the aperiodic interactions, defined by s ubstitution rules, lead to relevant
geometric fluctuations, this fixed point becomes fully unstable, giving rise to
novel attractors of different nature. We present an explicit example in which
this new attractor is a two-cycle, with critical indices different from the
uniform model. In case of the four-letter Rudin-Shapiro substitution rule, we
find a surprising closed curve whose points are attractors of period two,
associated with a marginal operator. Nevertheless, a scaling analysis indicates
that this attractor may lead to a new critical universality class. In order to
provide an independent confirmation of the scaling results, we turn to a direct
thermodynamic calculation of the specific-heat exponent. The thermodynamic free
energy is obtained from a transfer matrix formalism, which had been previously
introduced for spin systems, and is now extended to the two-polymer model with
aperiodic interactions.Comment: 19 pages, 6 eps figures, to appear in J. Phys A: Math. Ge
Effects of LatticeQCD EoS and Continuous Emission on Some ObseErvables
Effects of lattice-QCD-inspired equations of state and continuous emission on
some observables are discussed, by solving a 3D hydrodynamics. The particle
multiplicity as well as v2 are found to increase in the mid-rapidity. We also
discuss the effects of the initial-condition fluctuations.Comment: 6 pages, 10 figures, prepared for Workshop on Particle Correlations
and Fentoscopy, Kromeriz (Czech Republic), Aug. 15-17,200
Screening effects in flow through rough channels
A surprising similarity is found between the distribution of hydrodynamic
stress on the wall of an irregular channel and the distribution of flux from a
purely Laplacian field on the same geometry. This finding is a direct outcome
from numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations for flow at low
Reynolds numbers in two-dimensional channels with rough walls presenting either
deterministic or random self-similar geometries. For high Reynolds numbers,
when inertial effects become relevant, the distribution of wall stresses on
deterministic and random fractal rough channels becomes substantially dependent
on the microscopic details of the walls geometry. In addition, we find that,
while the permeability of the random channel follows the usual decrease with
Reynolds, our results indicate an unexpected permeability increase for the
deterministic case, i.e., ``the rougher the better''. We show that this complex
behavior is closely related with the presence and relative intensity of
recirculation zones in the reentrant regions of the rough channel.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Collaboration networks from a large CV database: dynamics, topology and bonus impact
Understanding the dynamics of research production and collaboration may
reveal better strategies for scientific careers, academic institutions and
funding agencies. Here we propose the use of a large and multidisciplinar
database of scientific curricula in Brazil, namely, the Lattes Platform, to
study patterns of scientific production and collaboration. In this database,
detailed information about publications and researchers are made available by
themselves so that coauthorship is unambiguous and individuals can be evaluated
by scientific productivity, geographical location and field of expertise. Our
results show that the collaboration network is growing exponentially for the
last three decades, with a distribution of number of collaborators per
researcher that approaches a power-law as the network gets older. Moreover,
both the distributions of number of collaborators and production per researcher
obey power-law behaviors, regardless of the geographical location or field,
suggesting that the same universal mechanism might be responsible for network
growth and productivity.We also show that the collaboration network under
investigation displays a typical assortative mixing behavior, where teeming
researchers (i.e., with high degree) tend to collaborate with others alike.
Finally, our analysis reveals that the distinctive collaboration profile of
researchers awarded with governmental scholarships suggests a strong bonus
impact on their productivity.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
Transition from Knudsen to molecular diffusion in activity of absorbing irregular interfaces
We investigate through molecular dynamics the transition from Knudsen to
molecular diffusion transport towards 2d absorbing interfaces with irregular
geometry. Our results indicate that the length of the active zone decreases
continuously with density from the Knudsen to the molecular diffusion regime.
In the limit where molecular diffusion dominates, we find that this length
approaches a constant value of the order of the system size, in agreement with
theoretical predictions for Laplacian transport in irregular geometries.
Finally, we show that all these features can be qualitatively described in
terms of a simple random-walk model of the diffusion process.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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