DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF DOLUTEGRAVIR AND RILPIVIRINE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM AND ITS APPLICATION TO RAT PLASMA

Objective: The present paper describes a simple, accurate, and precise reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for rapid and simultaneous quantification of dolutegravir (DTG) and rilpivirine (RPV) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form and rat plasma. Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved on Phenomenex C18 (150x4.6mm, 5μm). Mobile phase contained a mixture of 0.1% Ortho phosphoric acid and acetonitrile in the rato of 60:40 v/v, flow rate 1.0ml/min and ultraviolet detection at 262nm. Results: The retention time of DTG and RPV was 4.35 min and 7.73 min, respectively. The proposed method shows a good linearity in the concentration range of 10–150 μg/ml for DTG and 5–75 μg/ml for RPV under optimized conditions. Precision and recovery study results are in between 98 and 102%. In the entire robustness conditions, percentage relative standard deviation is <2.0%. Degradation has minimum effect in stress condition and solutions are stable up to 24 h. DTG and RPV drugs are release 98% at 2 h in rat body. Conclusion: This method is validated for different analytical performance parameters like linearity. Precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, robustness, and pharmacokinetic study were determined according to the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) Q2B guidelines. All the parameters of validation were found in the acceptance range of ICH guidelines. The same method is also applied for plasma samples study in bioanalytical work

A clinico-morphological study of glandular hyperplasias of uterine cervix

Background: Non neoplastic lesions of uterine cervix form a major bulk of the Diagnosis in histopathological departments. Some of the non-neoplastic lesions of uterine cervix mainly exuberant processes like glandular hyperplasias are prone to varying extents of misinterpretation. This can lead to potentially adverse consequences for the patient in the form of inappropriate treatment. But, studies on non-neoplastic lesions are comparatively less.This is an attempt to study the clinico morphologic features of glandular hyperplasias of uterine cervix.Methods: The present study is a retrospective study conducted using histopathology records of 2years (June 2013 to May 2015) in the department of Pathology, at a tertiary care hospital in south India. The study included 811 specimens of uterine cervix obtained either in the form of biopsies or hysterectomy specimensResults: 44 cases of Glandular hyperplasias of uterine cervix were encountered in the present study. In the present study uterine cervix is the most frequently occurring lesion, seen in 20 (2.47%) cases, followed by Microglandular hyperplasia in 13 (1.6%), Diffuse laminar endocervical glandular hyperplasia in 7 (0.86%), and Florid deep glands in 4 (0.49%).Conclusions: Glandular hyperplasias of uterine cervix arise in the reproductive age. Early age of occurrence in the present study compared to other studies can be attributed to early marriages and childbearing in Indian women.As diagnosis rests on histologic characteristics in routinely stained sections, familiarity with these lesions by pathologists is essential to avoid over diagnosis and treatment

Specific Antibodies to Recombinant Allergens of \u3cem\u3eAspergillus fumigatus\u3c/em\u3e in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with ABPA

Background Aspergillus fumigatus, a widely distributed fungus, has been implicated in causing life threatening infections as well as severe asthma and allergic diseases in man. Allergic affliction like allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a disabling lung disease frequently seen in patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. Immunodiagnosis of the former is comparatively easier due to the availability of purified antigens and sensitive methods. However, this is not true with cystic fibrosis patients where the prevalence of ABPA is fairly high and the morbidity and mortality are significant. Methods In the present study, we have evaluated purified recombinant allergens from A. fumigatus, namely Asp f 1, f 2, f 3, f 4, and f 6 using ELISA and a semi-automated method (ImmunoCAP). We studied 17 patients each from cystic fibrosis with ABPA, and cystic fibrosis with asthma, 22 cystic fibrosis with no ABPA or asthma, and 11 age matched controls. Results The results indicate that no antigen, antibody or method is capable of differentiating cystic fibrosis (CF) with ABPA from other CF patients, although some allergens showed strong reaction or showed more prevalence among the patients studied. Conclusion When results of several allergens such as Asp f 1, f 2, f 3, f 4, and f 6 in their binding to IgA, IgG, and IgE antibodies were analyzed, a more strong discrimination of CF patients with ABPA was possible from the other groups studied

An Approach of AlexNet CNN Algorithm Model for Lung Cancer Detection and Classification

As a reliable tool for identifying and classifying different illnesses, including lung cancer, deep learning has grown significantly in  popularity. It is crucial to quickly and accurately diagnose lung cancer because different treatment options depend on the type and stage of the  disease. Deep learning algorithms (DLA) are used to speed up the critical process of lung cancer detection and lessen the burden on medical  professionals. In this study, the feasibility of employing deep learning algorithms for the early detection of lung cancer is explored, using data  from the Lung Imaging Database Consortium (LIDC) database. The study introduces the VGG-16 and AlexNet models specifically to identify  the presence of cancer in lung images. The AlexNet model is chosen for additional classification tasks based on performance. The suggested  technique displays considerable increases in both the prediction and classification accuracy of cancer. The results from using the AlexNet model  show the highest levels of accuracy, with classification accuracy of 97.76% and prediction accuracy of 97.02%, both verified using a 5-fold  cross-validation method. Moreover, when classifying the forms of cancer, the model gets a remarkable area under the curve (AUC) value of 1  for the Adenocarcinoma class, signaling extraordinary performance. Notably, the proposed model achieves an accuracy exceeding 90% across  all classes

Three dimensional filamentary structures of a relativistic electron beam in Fast Ignition plasmas

The filamentary structures and associated electromagnetic fields of a relativistic electron beam have been studied by three dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations in the context of Fast Ignition fusion. The simulations explicitly include collisions in return plasma current and distinctly examine the effects of beam temperature and collisions on the growth of filamentary structures generated.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasma

Measurement Uncertainty in Vibration Calibration in Frequency Range of 5 Hz to 10 kHz

The paper evaluates the measurement uncertainty in realizing the secondary vibration standard at CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, India, and presents a comparison of the measurement uncertainty of secondary standard with that of primary vibration standard. The relative expanded measurement uncertainty of 0.80% to 2.2% in frequency range of 5 Hz to 10 kHz is evaluated. The measurement uncertainty so calculated is verified by comparison with the results from primary vibration calibration standard of CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, and SPEKTRA Schwingungstechnik und Akustik GmbH Dresden, Germany primary calibrations. The study recommends calibrating the back-to-back accelerometer with minimal uncertainty by using a primary calibrated single-ended accelerometer mounted on the top of the back-to-back transducer.The paper serves a guiding document to the calibration laboratories, industries and other stake holders in India to understand the concept of traceability in vibration measurements and formulation of uncertainty budget as per the international standard