Effect of fungal biosorbed and nonbiosorbed copper and zinc metal solutions on growth and metal uptake of leguminous plants

Effect of Zn, Cu and Cu + Zn at 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500ppm concentrations of fungal untreated and treated metal solutions on seed germination and seedling vigor of Cicer areietinum (Chick pea), Macrotyloma uniflorum (Horse gram), Vigna radiata (Green gram) and Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) were evaluated. Heavy metal solutions were prepared in increasing concentration up to the concentration critical to the soil. Increased metal concentrations reduced the seed germination and growth of test plants. Low metal concentrations of 10, 25, 50 ppm, stimulated the shoot, root and seed germination in test plants. Untreated and treated effluent was not acutely toxic to the seed germination and plant growth. In Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus biosorbed metal ions, reduced metal toxicity with increased seedling vigor was observed. Efficiency of metal biosorption by fungal biomass and metal ions tolerance and accumulation ability in test plants were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).  Â

Characterisation and Liberation of Graphite Schist

This paper deals with the characterisation and liberation studies of graphite schist from Shivaganga, Tamilnadu. The graphite flakes are interbanded with quartz and calcite. Secondary calcite veins often traverses graphite flakes and quartz grains. Based on grain counting, frequency curves , comminution followed by flotation tests , the liberation size of graphite is estimated between 150to 90 microns. Therougher concentrate achieved at d&, passing of 145 micron size product contain 35 % FC with 99% recovery.The SFM study reveals the presence of minute inclusions of calcite and quartz within graphite flakes

Multiplier Based On Add And Shift Method By Passing Zero

In this paper, a low-power structure for shift-and-add multipliers is proposed. The architec-ture considerably lowers the switching activity of conventional multipliers. The modification to the multiplier which multiplies A by B include the removal of the shifting register, direct feeding of A to the adder, bypassing the adder whenever possible, using a ring counter instead of a binary counter and removal of the partial product shift. The architecture makes use of a low-power ring counter proposed in this work . The proposed multiplier can be used for low-power applications where the speed is not a primary design parameter

Studies on genetic variability and relationship of bael (Aegle marmelos (L) Correa) using morphological and molecular markers

Bael (Aegle marmelos (L) Correa) is an important underutilized fruit crop of India. A total of 25 bael trees were selected from 356 bael trees of Sakharayapattana in Chikkamagalur district, Karnataka, India based on the fruit morphological traits (fruit weight, pulp weight, skull thickness, seed weight per fruit, No. of seeds per fruit, No. of locules per fruit, No. of seeds per locule, pulp wt. : seed wt.). These 25 trees were evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic variations using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. RAPD and ISSR markers showed significant polymorphism among the trees. Jaccard’s genetic similarity value of RAPD and ISSR was found in the range of 0.00–0.95 and 0.06–0.56, respectively suggesting a moderate level of genetic diversity. The present study revealed that molecular markers can be successfully utilized for determining genetic diversity and relationship of bael trees for further varietal improvement

Characterization and evaluation of morphological and yield traits of tamarind genotypes

The evaluation of morphological and yield traits of tamarind genotypes was carried out during 2017-18 at Forest Research Station, Govinkovi, Honnali taluk, Davangere district. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 16 genotypes and three replications. Trees were 14-years-old and of grafted origin. All the morphological and yield traits showed significant difference among the selected genotypes indicating the presence of adequate variations. The genotypes recorded morphological variation in terms of tree shape (semi-circle to irregular shape), foliage arrangement (dense to sparse), flowering time (early, mid and late), stem colour (dark brown, brown and light brown), bud colour (greenish white, pink, dark pink), petal colour (yellow and pale yellow), pod colour (greyish brown, brown, light brown and dark brown), pulp colour (light brown, brown and reddish brown), pod shape (straight, slightly curved, curved and deeply curved) and pod size (very big, big, medium and small). The analysis of variance revealed significant difference with respect to tree height, stem girth, pod traits, pod yield per tree (K-9 : 12.80 kg), number of pods per tree (NTI-52 : 989.07) and pulp per cent (K-9 : 48.87). Among the 16 genotypes, the genotype K-9 was found superior with respect to pod size, pod weight, pulp weight and pod yield per tree. Genotype K-9 was found promising and due to perennial in nature further evaluation is required for stability

Comparative study of fixation of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur by proximal femur nail versus dynamic hip screw

Background: Intertrochanteric fractures are common in old age group, but uncommon in younger age group. The goal of treatment of intertrochanteric fractures is restoration to pre-injury status at the earliest. The purpose of this study is to compare the functional outcome of the two fixation devices proximal femur nail (PFN) and dynamic hip screw available for intertrochanteric fractures in terms of the eventual functional outcome of the patient.Methods: Prospective study of 30 cases of Intertrochanteric fractures admitted and operated in KIMS hospital from November 2017 to May 2019. Follow-up of these patients was done at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks with functional evaluation was done using Harris hip score at the 24th week.Results: The results at the end of 24 weeks follow-up were calculated by the Harris hip score were better with the PFN. 66.7% of the patients operated with PFN gave excellent results as compared to 60% of patients operated with dynamic hip screw (DHS).Conclusions: We conclude that the use of PFN for the fixation of trochanteric fractures against the proven DHS offered better results along with a few advantages. PFN required smaller incision, shorter duration of surgery, less blood loss and faster recovery and better functional outcome at the end of 24 weeks. But still PFN is technically more demanding than the DHS and was found to have longer fluoroscopy exposure. 

Effects of residual stresses on interlaminar radial strength of Glass-Epoxy L-bend composite laminates

The built-in heterogeneity of the composite laminates has been exploited to tailor the stiffness and strength requirements of modern structures to meet the specific functional demands. However, the non-homogeneity in these composites is the root cause for most of their failures. One of the undesirable consequences of the inherited heterogeneity is the development of cure-induced stresses during composite manufacturing. This work aims to investigate the influence of process-induced stresses on interlaminar radial strength in curved composite laminates. Glass-Epoxy (GE) laminates of two different thicknesses were prepared by hand lamination technique using V-shaped tooling and cured under room temperature. The state of residual stresses in GE laminates is varied by post-curing these laminates at different temperatures. Curved bending strength (CBS) and corresponding interlaminar radial stress for delamination of L-bend laminates were evaluated experimentally using four points bending test. The residual stress profile in each GE laminate is experimentally characterized by employing the Slitting method. The results indicate that the residual stresses have a negligible effect on the critical stress for initial delamination in GE laminates. But, the critical stress for delamination was found to be independent of the laminate thickness and increased with higher curing temperatures. The delaminated surfaces of L-bend laminates were studied using a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The enhancement in the critical stress due to post-curing can be attributed to the improved fiber-matrix interfacial bonding with higher curing temperature

Dissipative collisions in 16^{16}O + 27^{27}Al at Elab_{lab}=116 MeV

The inclusive energy distributions of fragments (3$\leq$Z$\leq$7) emitted in the reaction $^{16}$O + $^{27}$Al at $E_{lab} =$116 MeV have been measured in the angular range $\theta_{lab}$= 15$^\circ$ - 115$^\circ$. A non-linear optimisation procedure using multiple Gaussian distribution functions has been proposed to extract the fusion-fission and deep inelastic components of the fragment emission from the experimental data. The angular distributions of the fragments, thus obtained, from the deep inelastic component are found to fall off faster than those from the fusion-fission component, indicating shorter life times of the emitting di-nuclear systems. The life times of the intermediate di-nuclear configurations have been estimated using a diffractive Regge-pole model. The life times thus extracted ($\sim 1 - 5\times 10^{-22}$ Sec.) are found to decrease with the increase in the fragment charge. Optimum Q-values are also found to increase with increasing charge transfer i.e. with the decrease in fragment charge.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

Mikrosfere ropinirol hidroklorida za polagano oslobađanje: Utjecaj procesnih parametara

An emulsion solvent evaporation method was employed to prepare microspheres of ropinirole hydrochloride, a highly water soluble drug, by using ethylcellulose and PEG with the help of 32 full factorial design. The microspheres were made by incorporating the drug in a polar organic solvent, which was emulsified using liquid paraffin as an external oil phase. Effects of various process parameters such as viscosity of the external phase, selection of the internal phase, surfactant selection and selection of stirring speed were studied. Microspheres were evaluated for product yield, encapsulation efficiency and particle size. Various drug/ethylcellulose ratios and PEG concentrations were assayed. In vitro dissolution profiles showed that ethylcellulose microspheres were able to control release of the drug for a period of 12 h.Mikrosfere ropinirol hidroklorida, ljekovite tvari vrlo dobro topljive u vodi, pripravljene su metodom isparavanja otapala, koristeći etilcelulozu i PEG te 32 potpuno faktorijalno dizajniranje. Mikrosfere su pripravljene na sljedeći način: otopina ljekovite tvari u polarnom organskom otapalu emulgirana je s tekućim parafinom kao vanjskom uljnom fazom. Ispitivan je utjecaj različitih procesnih parametara poput viskoznosti vanjske faze, vrste interne faze i površinski aktivne tvari te brzine miješanja. Za pripravljene mikrosfere određeno je iskorištenje, učinkovitost inkapsuliranja i veličina čestica. Isprobavani su različiti odnosi ljekovite tvari i etilceluloze te koncentracija PEG-a. In vitro pokusi su pokazali da je oslobađanje ljekovite tvari kontrolirano tijekom 12 h

On the role of different Skyrme forces and surface corrections in exotic cluster-decay

We present cluster decay studies of $^{56}$Ni$^*$ formed in heavy-ion collisions using different Skyrme forces. Our study reveals that different Skyrme forces do not alter the transfer structure of fractional yields significantly. The cluster decay half-lives of different clusters lies within \pm 10% for PCM and \pm 15% for UFM.Comment: 13 pages,6 figures and 1 table; in press Pramana Journal of Physics (2010