Pencil-Beam Surveys for Faint Trans-Neptunian Objects

We have conducted pencil-beam searches for outer solar system objects to a limiting magnitude of R ~ 26. Five new trans-neptunian objects were detected in these searches. Our combined data set provides an estimate of ~90 trans-neptunian objects per square degree brighter than ~ 25.9. This estimate is a factor of 3 above the expected number of objects based on an extrapolation of previous surveys with brighter limits, and appears consistent with the hypothesis of a single power-law luminosity function for the entire trans-neptunian region. Maximum likelihood fits to all self-consistent published surveys with published efficiency functions predicts a cumulative sky density Sigma(<R) obeying log10(Sigma) = 0.76(R-23.4) objects per square degree brighter than a given magnitude R.Comment: Accepted by AJ, 18 pages, including 6 figure

The Mr 28,000 gap junction proteins from rat heart and liver are different but related

The sequence of the amino-terminal 32 residues of the rat heart Mr 28,000 gap junction protein presented here allows, for the first time, a sequence comparison of gap junctional proteins from different tissues (heart and liver). Comparison of the rat heart gap junction protein sequence and that available from rat liver reveals 43% sequence identity and conservative changes at an additional 25% of the positions. Both proteins exhibit a hydrophobic domain which could represent a transmembrane span of the junction. This result unequivocally demonstrates the existence of at least two forms of the gap junction protein. As yet, no homology is evident between the gap junctional proteins of either heart or liver and main intrinsic protein from rat eye lens

Synthesis and alkyne-coupling chemistry of cyclomanganated 1- and 3-acetylindoles, 3-formylindole and analogues

The syntheses are reported of new cyclomanganated indole derivatives (1-acetyl-κO-indolyl-κC2)dicarbonylbis(trimethylphosphite)manganese (2), (1-methyl-3-acetyl-κO-indolyl-κC2)tetracarbonylmanganese (4), (3-formyl-κO-indolyl-κC2)tetracarbonylmanganese (5a) and (1-methyl-3-formyl-κO-indolyl-κC2)tetracarbonylmanganese (5b). The unusually complicated crystal structure of 5b has been determined, the first for a cyclomanganated aryl aldehyde. The preparations of a mitomycin-related pyrrolo-indole and related products by thermally promoted and oxidatively (Me3NO) initiated alkyne-coupling reactions of the previously known complex (1-acetyl-κO-indolyl-κC2)tetracarbonylmanganese (1) are reported for different alkynes and solvents. X-ray crystal structures are reported for the dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate coupling product of 1 (dimethyl 1-methyl-l-hydroxypyrrolo[1,2a]-indole-2,3-dicarboxylate; 6a), and an unusually-cyclised triple insertion product 8 from the coupling of acetylene with 4, in which a cyclopentadiene moiety is η3-allyl-coordinated to Mn through only one double bond and an exocyclic carbon, but which rearranges on heating to an η5-cyclopentadienyl complex

Homotopy classification of 4-manifolds whose fundamental group is dihedral

We show that the homotopy type of a finite oriented Poincar\'{e} 4-complex isdetermined by its quadratic 2-type provided its fundamental group is finite andhas a dihedral Sylow 2-subgroup. By combining with results of Hambleton-Kreckand Bauer, this applies in the case of smooth oriented 4-manifolds whosefundamental group is a finite subgroup of SO(3). An important class of examplesare elliptic surfaces with finite fundamental group.<br

Systematic study of Optical Feshbach Resonances in an ideal gas

Using a narrow intercombination line in alkaline earth atoms to mitigate large inelastic losses, we explore the Optical Feshbach Resonance (OFR) effect in an ultracold gas of bosonic $^{88}$Sr. A systematic measurement of three resonances allows precise determinations of the OFR strength and scaling law, in agreement with coupled-channels theory. Resonant enhancement of the complex scattering length leads to thermalization mediated by elastic and inelastic collisions in an otherwise ideal gas. OFR could be used to control atomic interactions with high spatial and temporal resolution.Comment: Significant changes to text and figure presentation to improve clarity. Extended supplementary material. 4 pages, 4 figures; includes supplementary material 8 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letter

Sign problems, noise, and chiral symmetry breaking in a QCD-like theory

The Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model reduced to 2+1 dimensions has two different path integral formulations: at finite chemical potential one formulation has a severe sign problem similar to that found in QCD, while the other does not. At large N, where N is the number of flavors, one can compute the probability distributions of fermion correlators analytically in both formulations. In the former case one finds a broad distribution with small mean; in the latter one finds a heavy tailed positive distribution amenable to the cumulant expansion techniques developed in earlier work. We speculate on the implications of this model for QCD.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures; Published version with minor changes from the origina