Uncontrolled allergic rhinoconjunctivitis to pollen and a new oral allergy syndrome with fresh fruits: should we take a top down or a bottom up approach?

European Acad Allergol & Clin Immunolinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tiotropium reduces risk of exacerbations irrespective of previous use of inhaled anticholinergics in placebo-controlled clinical trials

Data have highlighted the potential bias introduced by withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids at randomization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease trials examining inhaled corticosteroids. Analyses were conducted to determine whether this was true of inhaled anticholinergic withdrawal in tiotropium trials.status: publishe

Cyprus' image—a sun and sea destination—as a detrimental factor to seasonal fluctuations. Exploration into motivational factors for holidaying in Cyprus

Cyprus is established as a summer destination. To aid the destination in developing its winter season as well, this research uses a qualitative inductive approach to explore the tourists’ current image of the island and their motivations of visiting it. The research indicates that the current image, which essentially portrays Cyprus as a sun-and-sea destination is thought to dissuade tourists from perceiving the island as a year-round destination. Nonetheless, increasing the pull factors of the destination through the development of unique special interest products can help in extending the tourism season as well as broaden its narrow image

Venous Admixture in COPD: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approaches

Chronic obstructive and interstitial lung diseases impair pulmonary gas exchange leading to wasted ventilation (alveolar dead space) and wasted perfusion (venous admixture). These two fundamental types of abnormality represent opposite ends of the spectrum of ventilation-perfusion mismatch with V˙/Q˙ ratios of infinity and zero. Treatment approaches that improve airway function, reduce air trapping and hyperinflation have received much attention and might be successful at ameliorating the problems associated with high V˙/Q˙. However, in patients with low V˙/Q˙ abnormality in whom venous admixture leads to hypoxemia, there are few therapeutic options. Indeed, some patients are refractory to treatment with supplemental oxygen particularly during exercise. Theoretically these patients could benefit from an intervention that increased mixed venous oxygen content thereby ameliorating the deleterious effects of venous admixture. In this perspective article we discuss the mechanisms whereby venous admixture contributes to hypoxemia and reduced oxygen delivery to tissues. We explore methods which could potentially increase mixed venous oxygen content thus ameliorating the deleterious effects of venous admixture. One such intervention that warrants further investigation is the therapeutic creation of an arterio-venous fistula. Such an approach would be novel, simple and minimally invasive. There is reason to believe that complications would be minor leading to a favorable risk-benefit analysis. This approach to treatment could have significant impact for patients with COPD but should also benefit any patient with chronic hypoxemia that impairs exercise performance

Fitohormonas reducen daños por Nacobbus aberrans en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Existen antecedentes de la reducción de daños por nemátodos con el uso de elicitores, compuestos que estimulan defensas en las plantas, promoviendo el metabolismo secundario. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivos evaluar la nematofauna presente en el suelo y raíces del cultivo antecesor, y medir el efecto sobre el rendimiento y daño en raíces por Nacobbus aberrans en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum)‘Elpida’, tratado por drench 24 horas previas al trasplante con 1 mL de ácido salicílico 0,50 x 10-4 M y 1,00 x 10-4 M, etileno 0,35 x 10-3 M y 0,70 x 10-3 M, ácido jasmónico 1,00 x 10-4 M y 1,00 x 10-5 M, dejando testigos sin tratar. En el suelo se identificaron nemátodos saprófitos, omnívoros y predatores, Helicotylenchus spp. y N. aberrans. El cultivo antecesor fue tomate ‘Elpida’ sin injertar e injertado sobre Maxifort, 9184, Multifort y Beaufort, identificándose huevos y N. aberrans J2 en todas las raíces, en cantidad significativamente menor en Maxifort y 9184. Las fitohormonas incrementaron la producción de frutos con peso mayor a 150 g y el rendimiento total respecto al testigo, produciendo menor número de agallas, índice de agallamiento y reproducción. Ácido salicílico 1,00 x 10-4 M produjo menor daño en raíces y mayor producción total y por racimos, seguido por etileno 0,70 x 10-3 M y ácido jasmónico 1,00 x 10-5 M. Es importante continuar investigando aspectos prácticos del uso de elicitores y profundizar en la comprensión de su acción para el control de N. aberrans.There is evidence that indicates that elicitors reduce damage caused by nematodes. Elicitors are compounds that stimulate plant defense promoting secondary metabolism. The aims of this study were to evaluate the soil and previous root crop nematofauna in tomato ‘Elpida’, and determine the effect on yield and root damage by Nacobbus aberrrans. Soil drench applications were conducted 24 hours pre-transplanting with 1 mL of: salicilic acid 0.50 x 10-4 M and 1.00 x 10-4 M, ethylen 0.35 x 10-3 M and 0.70 x 10-3 M, jasmonic acid 1.00 x 10-4 M and 1.00 x 10-5 M, including untreated plants as control. In the soil, saprophytic, omnivorous and predatory nematodes, as well as Helicotylenchus spp. and N. aberrans, were identified. The previous crop was ungrafted ‘Elpida’ plants and also grafted on Maxifort, 9184, Multifort and Beaufort. Eggs and N. aberrans J2 were identified in all roots, with significantly lower amounts in Maxifort and 9184. Phytohormones increased the production of fruits with weight higher than 150 g and total yield compared to the control, producing lower galls, galling and reproductive indexes. Salicylic acid 1.00 x 10-4 M produced lower damage to the roots and a higher total yield and truss yield, followed by ethylene 0.70 x 10-3 M and jasmonic acid 1.00 x 10-5 M treatments. Further research is required to provide deeper knowledge of the practical implications of using elicitors and enhance the understanding of their action for N. aberrans control.EEA AMBAFil: Martínez, Susana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Garbi, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Puig, Lucrecia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Cap, Guillermo Bartolomé. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Chacra Experimental Gorina. Convenio INTA-MDA-BA; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Daniel Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Daniel Oscar. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentin

Design Optimization of DR3AM Vapor Polishing Device for ABS 3D-Printed Parts

3D printing is an additive manufacturing method that turns digital design into an actual product. A 3D-printed part sometimes requires post-processing to enhance its physical and mechanical properties. Acetone vapor polishing is one of those techniques which is highly beneficial in smoothing ABS 3D-printed parts. Previously, an acetone vapor polishing device has been developed which uses a mist maker. However, for a more efficient polishing method, an optimized vapor polishing device using heat has been fabricated in this study. To assess the efficiency of this device, the researchers test the dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, tensile strength, and impact strength of polished and unpolished ABS 3D-printed specimens. The findings showed that the surface smoothness of the polished cube specimens did not significantly alter its physical geometry. The tensile test reveals that the overall elasticity of the polished tensile specimen has increased significantly while the impact test also shows that the polished specimens have the capacity to sustain a resistive impact from a swinging pendulum. Thus, all testing procedures indicated that post-processing using the optimized vapor polishing device has improved the overall physical and mechanical properties of the polished specimens

Aperture Restriction Localisation in the LHC Arcs using an RF Mole and the LHC Beam Position Measurement System

Ensuring that the two 27km beam pipes of the LHC do not contain aperture restrictions is of utmost importance. Most of the ring is composed of continuous cryostats, so any intervention to remove aperture restrictions when the machine is at its operating temperature of 1.9K will require a substantial amount of time. On warming-up the first cooled sector, several of the sliding contacts which provide electrical continuity for the beam image current between successive sections of the vacuum chamber were found to have buckled into the beam pipe. This led to a search for a technique to verify the integrity of a complete LHC arc (~3km) before any subsequent cool-down. In this paper the successful results from using a polycarbonate ball fitted with a 40MHz RF transmitter are presented. Propulsion of the ball is achieved by sucking filtered air through the entire arc, while its progress is traced every 54m via the LHC beam position measurement system which is auto-triggered by the RF transmitter on passage of the ball. Reflectometry at frequencies in the 4-8 GHz range can cover the gaps between beam position monitors and could therefore be used to localise a ball blocked by an obstacle