11 research outputs found
DNA methylation analysis by digital bisulfite genomic sequencing and digital MethyLight
Alterations in cytosine-5 DNA methylation are frequently observed in most types of human cancer. Although assays utilizing PCR amplification of bisulfite-converted DNA are widely employed to analyze these DNA methylation alterations, they are generally limited in throughput capacity, detection sensitivity, and or resolution. Digital PCR, in which a DNA sample is analyzed in distributive fashion over multiple reaction chambers, allows for enumeration of discrete template DNA molecules, as well as sequestration of non-specific primer annealing templates into negative chambers, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio in positive chambers. Here, we have applied digital PCR technology to bisulfite-converted DNA for single-molecule high-resolution DNA methylation analysis and for increased sensitivity DNA methylation detection. We developed digital bisulfite genomic DNA sequencing to efficiently determine single-basepair DNA methylation patterns on single-molecule DNA templates without an interim cloning step. We also developed digital MethyLight, which surpasses traditional MethyLight in detection sensitivity and quantitative accuracy for low quantities of DNA. Using digital MethyLight, we identified single-molecule, cancer-specific DNA hypermethylation events in the CpG islands of RUNX3, CLDN5 and FOXE1 present in plasma samples from breast cancer patients
Effects of 126 dimensional Higgs scalar on Bottom-Tau unification and quasi-infrared fixed point
In the presence of Higgs multiplets in a SO(10)
theory, the fermion masses get contributions from an induced vacuum expectation
value (VEV) of a doublet residing in which differentiates
between quarks and leptons by a relative sign leading to a significant
correction to the prediction of the mass ratio of the bottom quark and the tau
lepton for ranges of the mass of this extra doublet. We perform a two-loop
renormalization group analysis of the minimal version of the one-step
supersymmetric SO(10) model to display this and re-calculate the corrections to
the top quark mass in the presence of such an induced VEV. We show that these
effects make the infra-red fixed point scenario consistent with experimental
results.Comment: revised version with same conclusions. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Intermediate Scales in SUSY SO(10), b-\tau unification and Hot Dark Matter Neutrinos
Considerations of massive neutrinos, baryogenesis as well as fermion mass
textures in the grand unified theory framework provide strong motivations for
supersymmetric(SUSY) SO(10) as the theory beyond the standard model. If one
wants to simultaneously solve the strong CP problem via the Peccei-Quinn
mechanism, the most natural way to implement it within the framework of the
SUSY SO(10) model is to have an intermediate scale () (corresponding to
B-L symmetry breaking) around the invisible axion scale of about 10 -
10 GeV. Such a scale is also desirable if is to constitute
the hot dark matter (HDM) of the universe. In this paper, we discuss examples
of superstring inspired SUSY SO(10) models with intermediate scales that are
consistent with the low energy precision measurements of the standard model
gauge couplings. The hypothesis of unification which is a successful
prediction of many grand unified theories is then required of these models and
the resulting prediction of -quark mass is used as a measure of viability of
these schemes. Detailed analysis of a model with a GeV,
which satisfies both the requirements of invisible axion and as
HDM is presented and shown to lead to GeV in the one-loop
approximation.Comment: Latex file; 20 pages; Four figures available on reques
Refined brain tumor diagnostics and stratified therapies: the requirement for a multidisciplinary approach
Individualized therapies are popular current concepts in oncology and first steps towards stratified medicine have now been taken in neurooncology through implementation of stratified therapeutic approaches. Knowledge about the molecular basis of brain tumors has expanded greatly in recent years and a few molecular alterations are studied routinely because of their clinical relevance. However, no single targeted agent has yet been fully approved for the treatment of glial brain tumors. In this review, we argue that multidisciplinary and integrated approaches are essential for translational research and the development of new treatments for patients with malignant gliomas, and we present a conceptual framework in which to place the components of such an interdisciplinary approach. We believe that this ambitious goal can be best realized through strong cooperation of brain tumor centers with local hospitals and physicians; such an approach enables close dialogue between expert subspecialty clinicians and local therapists to consider all aspects of this increasingly complex set of diseases