Optimal finite-time processes in stochastic thermodynamics

For a small system like a colloidal particle or a single biomolecule embedded in a heat bath, the optimal protocol of an external control parameter minimizes the mean work required to drive the system from one given equilibrium state to another in a finite time. In general, this optimal protocol obeys an integro-differential equation. Explicite solutions both for a moving laser trap and a time-dependent strength of such a trap show finite jumps of the optimal protocol to be typical both at the beginning and the end of the process.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let

100%-Biofütterung mit Rapskuchen und heimischen Körnerleguminosen bei der Fütterung von Legehennen verschiedener Herkünfte

Rations of 100% organic and local origin were tested. Up to 18% of thermally proc-essed rape cake was fed in different rations to two groups of laying hens. Faba beans, Vicia sativa and blue lupines were used as protein supplements to create a feeding ration. High vicine and covicine contents, especially in Vicia sativa, led to a refusal of some food rations. No ration has been found suitable for daily use. Chicken fed with a rape cake ration laid eggs with a positive fatty acid pattern, which is favourable for human diets

Impact of lifelong e-learning : Evidence and guidance

This paper deals with lifelong learning. Based on a three-year case study it provides evidence of innovations in this area. The paper aims to add to the body of work in blended learning by providing evidence of knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation of learning innovations. In particular, the paper provides guidance for future developmentEducation for the 21 st century - impact of ICT and Digital Resources ConferenceRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Ridge Network in Crumpled Paper

The network formed by ridges in a straightened sheet of crumpled paper is studied using a laser profilometer. Square sheets of paper were crumpled into balls, unfolded and their height profile measured. From these profiles the imposed ridges were extracted as networks. Nodes were defined as intersections between ridges, and links as the various ridges connecting the nodes. Many network and spatial properties have been investigated. The tail of the ridge length distribution was found to follow a power-law whereas the shorter ridges followed a log-normal distribution. The degree distribution was found to have an exponentially decaying tail, and the degree correlation was found to be disassortative. The facets created by the ridges and the Voronoi diagram formed by the nodes have also been investigated.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure, 2 tables Replaced due to wrong formating of author name

The Missing Link Between Student Capabilitiesand Motivation: Perceived Self-Efficacy

In recent years, the lack of students’ motivation has become critical all over the world because of the decrease in work opportunities for young people without general or vocational secondary education. Currently, there is an interest in the ways in which teachers in youth education can foster students’ development of competencies and motivation. This paper explores the premise that teachers should move beyond competencies and motivation and consider the perceived self-efficacy that represents the ‘missing link’ between the two student characteristics. The paper deals with two research questions: how can teachers generate knowledge about perceived self-efficacy, and which aspects of the perceived self-efficacy are the most important in relation to learning outcome