Redundancy Allocation of Partitioned Linear Block Codes

Most memories suffer from both permanent defects and intermittent random errors. The partitioned linear block codes (PLBC) were proposed by Heegard to efficiently mask stuck-at defects and correct random errors. The PLBC have two separate redundancy parts for defects and random errors. In this paper, we investigate the allocation of redundancy between these two parts. The optimal redundancy allocation will be investigated using simulations and the simulation results show that the PLBC can significantly reduce the probability of decoding failure in memory with defects. In addition, we will derive the upper bound on the probability of decoding failure of PLBC and estimate the optimal redundancy allocation using this upper bound. The estimated redundancy allocation matches the optimal redundancy allocation well.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), Jul. 201

Treatment of diaphyseal fractures of tibia with intramedullary interlocking nail

Background: The tibia, or shinbone, is the most commonly fractured long bone in the body. A tibial shaft fracture occurs along the length of the bone, below the knee and above the ankle. It typically takes a major force to cause this type of broken leg. Motor vehicle collisions, for example, are a common cause of tibial shaft fractures. In many tibia fractures, the smaller bone in the lower leg (fibula) is broken as well. The objective was to study fracture healing and union rates with closed intra-medullary interlocking nailing.Methods: Patients of both sexes belonging to adult age group presenting with fracture tibia to Orthopedic Department, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences, of are admitted from January 2015 to December 2015.Results: In the present study maximum number of patients belongs to 18 to 27 years age group (18 cases) followed by 28 to 37 years age group (15 cases), maximum number of patients sustained tibia fracture due to RTA (38 cases) followed by fall (12 cases), maximum number of patients sustained simple tibia fracture (32 cases), followed by type 2 compound tibia fracture (13 cases) and 36 patients had excellent functional results and 8 patients had good functional outcome, while only 4 patients had fair functional outcome.Conclusions: IM rods are secured within the bone by screws both above and below the fracture. The metal screws and the rod can be removed if they cause problems, but can also be left in place for life. Tibial rodding provides excellent fixation and alignment of the bones

Surgical management of diaphyseal fracture of femur with closed intramedullary interlocking nail

Background: A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes, due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. The objective of the study was to evaluate the functional outcome of fractures of the shaft of the femur treated with closed intra-medullary interlocking nailing.Methods: The present study was carried out between June 2015 to May 2016 in Orthopedic Department, Vydehi institute of medical sciences and research centre, Bengaluru. Antegrade nailing using the standard intramedullary interlocking nail was performed on 50 cases who presented with shaft fractures of the femur.Results: In the present study maximum number of patients belongs to 18 to 27 years age group (24 cases) followed by 28 to 37 years age group (12 cases), maximum number of patients sustained femur fracture due to RTA (42 cases) followed by fall (08 cases), maximum number of patients sustained closed/simple femur fracture (40 cases), followed by open / compound tibia fracture (10 cases), 32 patients had excellent functional results and 10 patients had good functional outcome, while only 5 patients had fair functional outcome.Conclusions: A femur fracture is always considered a medical emergency requiring immediate evaluation and treatment in a hospital. The treatment is largely dependent on the location of the fracture and the pattern and extent of the break

ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CYCAS CIRCINALIS.L AND IONIDIUM SUFFRUTICOSUM. GING

Herbs with antioxidants and antimicrobial activity play a vital role in prevention and cure of certain complex diseases. Cycas circinalis and Ionidium Suffruticosum are the herbs taken to study its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The ethanolic extract of the above 2 herbs were taken and the antimicrobial activity was studied by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the antioxidant activity was analyzed by percentage inhibition of DPPH activity. Around 8 species of microorganisms were taken for antimicrobial assay. The Cycas circinalis showed 0.7mm of zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus in culture whereas Ionidium Suffruticosum showed 1mm and 0.4 mm of zone of inhibition for Escherichia colli and Salmonella typhi respectively. The rest of all species were non-reactive for both the herbal extracts. The IC50 values of I.suffruticosum at various concentrations were 95.6, 96.0 and 97.6 respectively whereas for C.circinalis, it was 78.7, 85.9 and 87.5 respectively. The IC50 value of I.suffruticosum shows that the herb has more antioxidant property when compared to that of C.circinalis and standard (ascorbic acid). The study shows that I.suffruticosum and C.circinalis both have mild antimicrobial activity acting only on 2 species of bacteria and the rest were dormant. I.suffruticosum and C.circinalis both were found to have antioxidant activity. This is a preliminary study done on the above 2 herbs which is a part of vast ongoing research work