N=2 and N=4 SUSY Yang-Mills action on M4^{4} x (Z2_{2} + Z2_{2}) non-commutative geometry

We show that the N=2 and N=4 SUSY Yang-Mills action can be reformulated in the sense of non-commutative geometry on M^4\times (Z_2\oplus Z_2) in a rather simple way. In this way the scalars or pseudoscalars are viewed as gauge fields along two directions in the space of one-forms on Z_2\oplus Z_2

A Chandra X-Ray Survey of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies

We present results from Chandra observations of 14 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; log(L_IR/L_Sun) >= 12) with redshifts between 0.04 and 0.16. The goals of the observations were to investigate any correlation between infrared color or luminosity and the properties of the X-ray emission and to attempt to determine whether these objects are powered by starbursts or active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The sample contains approximately the same number of high and low luminosity objects and ``warm'' and ``cool'' ULIRGs. All 14 galaxies were detected by Chandra. Our analysis shows that the X-ray emission of the two Seyfert 1 galaxies in our sample are dominated by AGN. The remaining 12 sources are too faint for conventional spectral fitting to be applicable. Hardness ratios were used to estimate the spectral properties of these faint sources. The photon indices for our sample plus the Chandra-observed sample from Ptak et al.(2003) peak in the range of 1.0-1.5, consistent with expectations for X-ray binaries in a starburst, an absorbed AGN, or hot bremsstrahlung from a starburst or AGN. The values of photon index for the objects in our sample classified as Seyferts (type 1 or 2) are larger than 2, while those classified as HII regions or LINERs tend to be less than 2. The hard X-ray to far-infrared ratios for the 12 weak sources are similar to those of starbursts, but we cannot rule out the possibility of absorbed, possibly Compton-thick, AGNs in some of these objects. Two of these faint sources were found to have X-ray counterparts to their double optical and infrared nuclei.Comment: 40 pages, 5 tables, 14 figures, accepted by Ap

Analytical modeling of water wave interaction with a bottom-mounted surface-piercing porous cylinder in front of a vertical wall

The interaction of water wave with a bottom-mounted surface-piercing porous cylinder near a rigid vertical wall is investigated by an analytical model newly developed in the present work within the context of linear potential flow theory. The image principle is used to transfer the original problem in bounded water into the equivalent problem of wave interaction with two symmetrical porous cylinders in open seas in the presence of bi-directional incident waves. The velocity potential is analytically derived by means of the eigen function expansion along with the matching technique. Furthermore, a new alternative method for the evaluation of wave force is developed via the application of the Haskind–Hanaoka relation to a porous structure. In this method, an auxiliary radiation potential is introduced to replace the diffraction potential for the calculation of wave force. The auxiliary radiation potential used here is due to the oscillation of a porous cylinder in front of a wall. The image principle is used again to search the solution of the wave radiation problem in bounded water and the original radiation problem is then transferred to that due to two porous cylinders undergoing in-phase orout-of-phase motions in open seas. After the validation of the developed model, detailed parametric study is carried out. The porosity of the cylinder, incident wave heading and spacing between the cylinder and the wall are systematically adjusted to investigate their effects on the wave force as well as the wave elevation. The extension of our model to the case of a cylinder array in front of a wall has also been performed, and the associated phenomenon has been explored

An automated scraper system for swine confinement facilities (2011)

Manure scrapers are a practical and cost-effective option for mitigating odor and gas emissions from confinement livestock operations. Manure scrapers have been used successfully to reduce odors at free-stall dairies and to reduce H2S emissions at research-scale swine facilities. Recent evaluation of a scraper system at commercial tunnel-ventilated swine barns in northwest Missouri showed odor concentrations in a scraper barn were significantly lower than those in flush barns. Unlike flushing, the scraping process does not cause significant increases in odor concentration. In addition to offering a practical alternative to flushing for odor control, a scraper system aids in collecting manure for biogas production by anaerobic digestion

Metabolism of ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

© The Author(s) 2018Ticagrelor is a state-of-the-art antiplatelet agent used for the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Unlike remaining oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors ticagrelor does not require metabolic activation to exert its antiplatelet action. Still, ticagrelor is extensively metabolized by hepatic CYP3A enzymes, and AR-C124910XX is its only active metabolite. A post hoc analysis of patient-level (n = 117) pharmacokinetic data pooled from two prospective studies was performed to identify clinical characteristics affecting the degree of AR-C124910XX formation during the first six hours after 180 mg ticagrelor loading dose in the setting of ACS. Both linear and multiple regression analyses indicated that ACS patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction or suffering from diabetes mellitus are more likely to have decreased rate of ticagrelor metabolism during the acute phase of ACS. Administration of morphine during ACS was found to negatively influence transformation of ticagrelor into AR-C124910XX when assessed with linear regression analysis, but not with multiple regression analysis. On the other hand, smoking appears to increase the degree of ticagrelor transformation in ACS patients. Mechanisms underlying our findings and their clinical significance warrant further research.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Event-triggered distributed model predictive control for resilient voltage control of an islanded microgrid

This article addresses the problem of distributed secondary voltage control of an islanded microgrid (MG) from a cyber‐physical perspective. An event‐triggered distributed model predictive control (DMPC) scheme is designed to regulate the voltage magnitude of each distributed generators (DGs) in order to achieve a better trade‐off between the control performance and communication and computation burdens. By using two novel event triggering conditions that can be easily embedded into the DMPC for the application of MG control, the computation and communication burdens are significantly reduced with negligible compromise of control performance. In addition, to reduce the sensor cost and to eliminate the negative effects of nonlinearity, an adaptive nonasymptotic observer is utilized to estimate the internal and output signals of each DG. Thanks to the deadbeat observation property, the observer can be applied periodically to cooperate with the DMPC‐based voltage regulator. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method has been tested on a simple configuration with four DGs and the modified IEEE‐13 test system through several representative scenarios

Event-triggered distributed H∞ state estimation with packet dropouts through sensor networks

This study is concerned with the event-triggered distributed H∞ state estimation problem for a class of discrete-time stochastic non-linear systems with packet dropouts in a sensor network. An event-triggered communication mechanism is adopted over the sensor network with hope to reduce the communication burden and the energy consumption, where the measurements on each sensor are transmitted only when a certain triggering condition is violated. Furthermore, a novel distributed state estimator is designed where the available innovations are not only from the individual sensor, but also from its neighbouring ones according to the given topology. The purpose of the problem under consideration is to design a set of distributed state estimators such that the dynamics of estimation errors is exponentially mean-square stable and also the prespecified H∞ disturbance rejection attenuation level is guaranteed. By utilising the property of the Kronecker product and the stochastic analysis approaches, sufficient conditions are established under which the addressed state estimation problem is recast as a convex optimisation one that can be easily solved via available software packages. Finally, a simulation example is utilised to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed design scheme of event-triggered distributed state estimators.This work was supported in part by Royal Society of the UK, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61329301, 61203139, 61473076, 61374127 and 61422301, the Shanghai Rising-Star Program of China under Grant 13QA1400100, the ShuGuang project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation under Grant 13SG34, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, DHU Distinguished Young Professor Program, and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany