The Epidemiology of Pediculus Is Humanus Capitis Infestation and Effective Factors in Elementary Schools of Qom Province Girls 2010, Qom, Iran

Background and Objectives: Nowadays pediculusis (Head-louse infestation) is one of the dermal infections with a Global distribution, and is prevalent worldwide. Head-louse infestation is highly common in collective centers such as schools, garrisons and champuses; in schools, specially in feminine elementary schools which is dramatically high. The current study has been conducted to determine the prevalence of Head-louse and to assess the epidemiologic features of the disease.   Methods: This descriptive cross–sectional study was done over 1725 feminine elementary students from 75 schools in rural counties and total urban districts of Qom province by a multi stage random sampling. Data collection was done by questionnaires and physical exams of the hair. Analysis was done by Chi-square and Multivariate logistic regression model test. (Significant level with p<0.05 objected).   Results: 131 of 1725 survived students, were infected by pediculusis. (7.6%). The statistical meaningful relation was observed between the habitat, father&#039;s job and literacy, mothers literacy, family size, students grade, bath in home, bath times, daily comb, record of infestation in years ago, hygiene corrector in school, access or no access to primary health care and pediculusis (p<0.05 objected). But no meaningful relation was detected between mother&#039;s job, head hairs length, type of school, residing status (private, rental and other site) and the prevalence of Pediculusis .   Conclusion: Pediculusis is still a health burden in societies with low health and life standards. The high prevalence of pediculusis among students in the majority of schools in Qom province is attributable to inadequate access to health educator and sanitation facilities and inattention to personal health and related factors else

High prevalence of integron-mediated resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica

Salmonella enterica has become progressively resistant to antimicrobial agents worldwide as a result of genes carried on different classes of integrons. The aim of the current study was to investigate the molecular diversity of these integrons and their association with antimicrobial resistance in clinical S. enterica isolates from Tehran, Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The presence of integrons was investigated by PCR using specific primers. Integrons were detected in 65 (47.1%) strains, with classes 1 and 2 being observed in 54 (39%) and 11 (8%) strains, respectively. Integron-positive isolates belonged to seven different S. enterica serovars, and all showed a multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype. Our findings show that integrons are widely disseminated among S. enterica strains from Tehran. Furthermore, the results that class 1 integrons were more prevalent than class 2 in Salmonella isolates, and that a statistical association with MDR patterns was observed, suggest that they are more likely to be important in conferring a resistant phenotype to Salmonella strains