Persistent left superior vena cava: Review of the literature, clinical implications, and relevance of alterations in thoracic central venous anatomy as pertaining to the general principles of central venous access device placement and venography in cancer patients

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) represents the most common congenital venous anomaly of the thoracic systemic venous return, occurring in 0.3% to 0.5% of individuals in the general population, and in up to 12% of individuals with other documented congential heart abnormalities. In this regard, there is very little in the literature that specifically addresses the potential importance of the incidental finding of PLSVC to surgeons, interventional radiologists, and other physicians actively involved in central venous access device placement in cancer patients. In the current review, we have attempted to comprehensively evaluate the available literature regarding PLSVC. Additionally, we have discussed the clinical implications and relevance of such congenital aberrancies, as well as of treatment-induced or disease-induced alterations in the anatomy of the thoracic central venous system, as they pertain to the general principles of successful placement of central venous access devices in cancer patients. Specifically regarding PLSVC, it is critical to recognize its presence during attempted central venous access device placement and to fully characterize the pattern of cardiac venous return (i.e., to the right atrium or to the left atrium) in any patient suspected of PLSVC prior to initiation of use of their central venous access device

Development of RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Tablets

A simple, efficient and reproducible reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and in tablets. A column having 250 x 4.6 mm i.d. (Kromasil C18) in isocratic mode with mobile phase containing 50 mM potassium dihydrogen o-phosphate buffer (triethylamine 0.2%), (pH 3.7 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid): acetonitrile (56:44 v/v) was used. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and effluent was monitored at 232 nm.  The retention time of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide was 10.15 and 3.78 min respectively. All calibration curves showed good linear correlation coefficients within the tested limits (r2 &gt; 0.9995). The linearity dynamic range was found to be 20-150 µg/ml and 5-45 µg/ml for valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. Percentage recoveries for valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide were 100.45 % and 98.75 % respectively. All the analytical validation parameters were determined and found in the limit as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines which indicates the validity of the method. The developed method was found to be accurate, precise and robust for the simultaneous estimation of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and in tablets.</jats:p

Development of RP-HPLC Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Ofloxacin and Ornidazole in Combined Liquid Oral Dosage Forms

A simple, efficient and reproducible reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the quantitative estimation of ofloxacin and ornidazole in bulk and in combined liquid oral dosage form has been developed and validated. The separation was carried out using thermohypersil phenyl column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) as stationary phase with isocratic flow and phosphate buffer (adjusted to pH 2.4 with ortho phosphoric acid): acetonitrile (87:13 v/v) as mobile phase. Mobile phase was maintained at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection was carried out at 294 nm. The retention time of ofloxacin and ornidazole was 10.40 and 5.69 min, respectively. All calibration curves showed good linear correlation coefficients within the tested limits (r2 &gt; 0.9995). The linear dynamic range was 10-100 µg/ml and 25-250 µg/ml for ofloxacin and ornidazole respectively. Percentage recoveries for ofloxacin and Ornidazole were 100.48 % and 99.84 % respectively. All the analytical validation parameters were determined and found in the limit as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, which indicates the validity of the method. The validated method is also found to be accurate, precise and robust for the quantitative estimation of ofloxacin and ornidazole in combined liquid oral dosage forms.</jats:p

Collateral Artery Aneurysm: A Unique Presentation of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

AbstractAneurysms of collateral arteries are unusual. A case of transverse cervical artery aneurysm as the sole presentation of vascular thoracic outlet syndrome is presented and the relevant literature reviewed

A Low Cost, Multithreaded Processing-in-Memory System

This paper discusses die cost vs. performance tradeoffs for a PIM system that could serve as the memory system of a host processor. For an increas

Interventional radiology and COVID-19: How to face the challenge?

With the sudden outbreak of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in China, and its rapid spread across the continents over a short period of time, healthcare workers are posed with the challenge of managing these patients as well protecting themselves from getting infected. Since interventional radiology deals with both elective and emergency services, wherein close patient contact is a norm, there is a substantial risk of acquiring and transmitting infection. Given the circumstances, it is imperative to develop broadly applicable guidelines to utilize the available resources in an optimal fashion and limit transmission of disease. This brief review deals with infection control measures within the Interventional Radiology department or section and possible recommendations that can be adopted at the institutional level