The GWAS-MAP|ovis platform for aggregation and analysis of genome-wide association study results in sheep

In recent years, the number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) carried out for various economically important animal traits has been increasing. GWAS discoveries provide summary statistics that can be used both for targeted marker-oriented selection and for studying the genetic control of economically important traits of farm animals. In contrast to research in human genetics, GWAS on farm animals often does not meet generally accepted standards (availability of information about effect and reference alleles, the size and direction of the effect, etc.). This greatly complicates the use of GWAS results for breeding needs. Within the framework of human genetics, there are several technological solutions for researching the harmonized results of GWAS, including one of the largest, the GWAS-MAP platform. For other types of living organisms, including economically important agricultural animals, there are no similar solutions. To our knowledge, no similar solution has been proposed to date for any of the species of economically important animals. As part of this work, we focused on creating a platform similar to GWAS-MAP for working with the results of GWAS of sheep, since sheep breeding is one of the most important branches of agriculture. By analogy with the GWAS-MAP platform for storing, unifying and analyzing human GWAS, we have created the GWAS-MAP|ovis platform. The platform currently contains information on more than 34 million associations between genomic sequence variants and traits of meat production in sheep. The platform can also be used to conduct colocalization analysis, a method that allows one to determine whether the association of a particular locus with two different traits is the result of pleiotropy or whether these traits are associated with different variants that are in linkage disequilibrium. This platform will be useful for breeders to select promising markers for breeding, as well as to obtain information for the introduction of genomic breeding and for scientists to replicate the results obtained

The GWAS-MAP|ovis platform for aggregation and analysis of genome-wide association study results in sheep.

peer reviewedIn recent years, the number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) carried out for various economically important animal traits has been increasing. GWAS discoveries provide summary statistics that can be used both for targeted marker-oriented selection and for studying the genetic control of economically important traits of farm animals. In contrast to research in human genetics, GWAS on farm animals often does not meet generally accepted standards (availability of information about effect and reference alleles, the size and direction of the effect, etc.). This greatly complicates the use of GWAS results for breeding needs. Within the framework of human genetics, there are several technological solutions for researching the harmonized results of GWAS, including one of the largest, the GWAS-MAP platform. For other types of living organisms, including economically important agricultural animals, there are no similar solutions. To our knowledge, no similar solution has been proposed to date for any of the species of economically important animals. As part of this work, we focused on creating a platform similar to GWAS-MAP for working with the results of GWAS of sheep, since sheep breeding is one of the most important branches of agriculture. By analogy with the GWAS-MAP platform for storing, unifying and analyzing human GWAS, we have created the GWAS-MAP|ovis platform. The platform currently contains information on more than 34 million associations between genomic sequence variants and traits of meat production in sheep. The platform can also be used to conduct colocalization analysis, a method that allows one to determine whether the association of a particular locus with two different traits is the result of pleiotropy or whether these traits are associated with different variants that are in linkage disequilibrium. This platform will be useful for breeders to select promising markers for breeding, as well as to obtain information for the introduction of genomic breeding and for scientists to replicate the results obtained.В последние годы увеличивается количество полногеномных исследований ассоциаций (ПГИА, GWAS), проведенных для различных экономически важных признаков животных. Результаты этих исследований представлены в виде суммарных статистик, которые можно использовать для изучения генетического контроля экономически важных признаков сельскохозяйственных животных, в том числе и при разработке методик маркер-ориентированной селекции. В большинстве случаев ПГИА сельскохозяйственных животных не соответствуют общепринятым в области исследований генетики человека стандартам формата публикаций результатов ПГИА в виде суммарных статистик (наличие информации об эффекторном и референсном аллелях, значение и направление эффекта и др.). Это существенно затрудняет использование суммарных статистик для нужд селекции. В области исследований генетики человека имеется несколько технологических решений для анализа результатов ПГИА, в том числе одно из самых крупных – платформа GWAS-MAP. Для других видов живых организмов, включающих и экономически важных сельскохозяйственных животных, подобных решений нет. В настоящей работе мы сфокусировались на создании схожей платформы для работы с суммарными статистиками ПГИА различных признаков овец, так как овцеводство в последнее время становится все более актуальной областью сельского хозяйства. По аналогии с платформой GWAS-MAP для хранения, унификации и анализа GWAS человека мы создали платформу GWAS-MAP|ovis. На сегодняшний день платформа содержит информацию о более чем 34 млн ассоциаций между вариантами геномной последовательности и признаками мясной продуктивности. Платформа может быть использована и для проведения анализа колокализации – метода, который позволяет установить, является ли ассоциация определенного локуса с двумя разными признаками результатом плейотропии или же данные признаки ассоциированы с разными вариантами, которые находятся в неравновесии по сцеплению. Эта платформа будет полезна как селекционерам для выбора перспективных маркеров для селекции (эффекты и аллели различных маркеров, влияющих на изучаемые признаки), так и для ученых, ведущих исследования в области генетики овец

The maintenance of somatic cages in milk of cows depending on their genotype

Biochemical polymorphism of milk whey proteins was studied. Trials on the study of factors affecting the content of somatic cells in cow milk were performed. Correlation between genotype of animals for the locus of β-Lg and content of somatic cells in cow milk was discovered. Least somatic cages in 1 ml of milk contains at cows with homozygous ВВ a genotype. Force of influence of a genotype on locus β-Lg on quantity of somatic cages makes 17,7%

Effect of autumn and winter water-charging irrigation on water status of almond

The water status of almond was monitored during the vegetational season and autumn-winter period. The effect of autumn-winter water-charging irrigation on the development of almond and its productivity was studied. The highest level of productivity has been received at use of three vegetative and two water-charging irrigation in November and December