Gender difference in foot progression angle in patients with osteoarthritis knee: an observational cross-sectional study

Background: An essential clinical parameter related to gait is foot progression angle (FPA). The objective of this study was to evaluate foot progression angle difference between Kl grade 2 and 3 in osteoarthritis knee patients and understanding biomechanical factors associated knee OA. Methods: Study was conducted on 108 patients diagnose with osteoarthritis knee according to EULAR classification knee OA. Age, gender and BMI were recorded, gait analysis was done to evaluate difference in FPA between OA knee patients with KL grade 2 and 3. Results: The 108 patient, 68 female and 40 males with osteoarthritis knee were included in study. Mean age of patients was 55.92±0.8 year, mean BMI was 27.24±0.4 kg/m2. Mean and SD of FPA in male 7.31±3.60 and   in female 8.31± 4.18 in patients with Kl grade 2 and 3 mean difference between male and female FPA is -0.99 with 95% CI, p=0.43 and t=0.78. In KL grade 3, FPA mean and SD of male 6.79±2.80 and female 7.62±9.10, t=0.9, mean difference -0.83 with 95% CI and p=0.6925. Conclusions: This study suggests, females in comparison to males have less FPA and therefore, females are more prone in progression of knee OA. Potential confounders including age, gender, BMI disease severity did not alter magnitude, although 95% CI

Validation of a patient-reported knee-specific outcome questionnaire specifically intended to assess pain, stiffness, and functional activities in Indians with osteoarthritis knees: an observational cross-sectional study

Background: Patient-reported outcome measurement assessments that are frequently used for knee joint disorders have ceiling effect. This restriction is allegedly not there in New Hindi score. Purpose of this study is to validate New Hindi Score in patients with osteoarthritis knee. Methods: Level II Prospective cohort study was conducted. In pilot study, 20 patients had their comprehension of New Hindi Score assessed. A prospective cohort study involving 200 individuals with osteoarthritis knee Kl grade 2 and 3 was conducted in AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Patients' overall age 57.76±8.63 years, both mean and SD. There were 125 females & 75 males. Men's mean & SD were 59.52±9.39 while women's 56.70±8.00. All patients were requested to complete WOMAC, KOOS, OKS & New Hindi Score questionnaires. Validity, reliability, repeatability of New Hindi Score for knee function in KOA patients were evaluated. There's no floor ceiling effect. New Hindi Score's validity, responsiveness, and floor ceiling effect were assessed. Validity was measured using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: In pilot study participants answered all question accurately. New Hindi Score shows moderate correlation with WOMAC & weak correlation with OKS and KOOS (Pearson coefficients of 0.45, 0.21, and 0.28, respectively) with 95% confidence interval, indicating strong construct validity in primary study. There was no floor or ceiling effect seen. Conclusions: For KOA patients, New Hindi Score exhibits strong levels of validity, reliability, and reliability. As result, it can be effectively applied to research knee function in Indian population.

Comparison of temporal-spatial gait parameter in patients with osteoarthritis knee: an observational cross-sectional study

Background: Osteoarthritis knee (OA) symptoms, including pain, joint stiffness, reduced joint movement, and muscle strength, can affect gait kinetics, kinematics, and temporal-spatial characteristics. Spatial-temporal gait parameters are useful for assessing and identifying clinically significant changes in an individual's gait patterns and helps in rehabilitation. Methods: In this study 108 patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis knee according to EULAR classification knee OA were included in study. Age, gender and BMI were recorded for pain and function WOMAC Score was used, gait analysis was done to evaluate difference in temporo-spatial gait parameters between OA knee patients with KL grade 2 and 3. Results: A total of 108 patients with osteoarthritis knee were enrolled, including 40 men and 68 women. Total mean age was 55.92±9.05 years with P-value <0.05, and their average BMI was 27.24 kg/m2. Total WOMAC score mean 29.3±1.03. Mean WOMAC scores for pain 4.57±3.26, stiffness 2.60±0.12, function score 22.20±7.55 respectively. There was no significance difference between KL grade II and III including gender in temporal spatial gait parameters. Conclusions: This study suggests there is no significant difference in temporal-spatial gait parameters between Kl grade 2 and 3. Potential confounders including age, gender, BMI disease severity did not alter magnitude, although 95% CI

Incidence of kinesiophobia in patients with osteoarthritis knee an observational cross-sectional study

Background: The effects of kinesiophobia on pain perception in osteoarthritis patients have remained elusive. The intension of this study is to assess psychometric aspect of pain, functional activity, and kinesophobia in patients with chronic osteoarthritic knee pain. Methods: The study was time bound observational cross-section study, including 50 patients. Kinesiophobia was assessed using Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK-11), while physical function and pain are assessed using WOMAC and VAS scores. Patients were included as per inclusion criteria in the OPD in Department of Orthopedics, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India. Results: It was observed 64% of patients were females while 36% were males. 46% patients had BMI range of 18.5-24.9, while 26% had BMI >=30, 20% had BMI between 25-29.9 and 8% of patients had BMI <18.5.  Mean BMI was 25.44±5.70 with minimum BMI of 14 and maximum BMI of 38. It was observed female patients mean WOMAC score was 44.44±19.41, while mean VAS score 4.25±1.05 and mean TSK-11was 33.34±12.57, male patients mean WOMAC score was 35.39±13.62 while mean VAS score was 4.39±0.92, mean TSK-11 was 35.78±14.52. It was observed that there was no substantial difference on basis of gender in all three parameters when compared.  This study suggests, there was no significant association between Age and VAS score (p-value 0.017) with Pearson correlation of 0.335. Conclusions: Prospective therapies for kinesiophobia should attempt to reduce pain intensity and functionality improvement

The influence of age and BMI on foot progression angle in knee osteoarthritis: a correlation analysis

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint disease, often associated with age and body mass index (BMI), critical demographic factors influencing its progression. The Foot Progression Angle (FPA), a measure of foot alignment, has been studied as a potential contributor to the development and progression of KOA. Methods: A comprehensive prospective analysis investigated the relationship between age, BMI, and FPA in individuals diagnosed with KOA. The study included data from participants categorized based on their Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) grades: K/L grade II and K/L grade III. Correlation coefficients (R) and p values were meticulously calculated to assess these relationships' strength and statistical significance. Results: Our correlation analysis in KOA (K/LII and III) showed weak, non-significant correlations between age, BMI, and FPA. Specifically, age was linked with FPA at -0.1415 (p value 0.3499) in K/L 2 and -0.1257 (p value 0.33) in K/L grade 3, while BMI correlations were -0.125 (p value 0.40) in K/L 2 and -0.1402 (p value 0.27) in K/L 3. Conclusions: While BMI and age are significant factors in KOA, their relationship with FPA is weak and insignificant. This finding paves the way for further research to explore other biomechanical factors that may play a more substantial role in knee OA progression

Benefits of core strengthening exercise in osteoarthritis knee patients: a narrative review

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease results from breakdown of cartilage that covers the ends of bones in joint. Breakdown causes bones to rub each other leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, loss of function in joint and can be accompanied by synovitis with or without joint fluid effusion. Muscle atrophy may develop if patient was inactive and did not perform exercises, which will affect functionality and stability of joint including activities of daily life. The aim of the study was to evaluate current literature and provide comprehensive overview of benefits of core muscle strengthening exercise in managing OA. The objective of this study was to discuss effectiveness of core muscle strengthening exercise in reducing pain, improving physical function, and enhancing quality of life in individuals with osteoarthritis knee. A systematic search was conducted to identify all relevant studies related to core muscle strengthening, database such as Pubmed, Cochrane library, Scopus had been used. Studies demonstrating clinical importance of core strengthening in treatment of osteoarthritis knee are limited. By performing randomized controlled trials with a big sample size, new researchers should produce more unique findings

Impact of anxiety, depression, and stress among knee osteoarthritis patients: a percentage-based study

Background: Mental health challenges play an important role in pain and progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Two prevalent psychological comorbidities that affect patients' quality of life (QoL) are anxiety and depression. The functional condition of patients with KOA may be influenced by feelings of depression and anxiety. Methods: The study was conducted on 108 individuals diagnosed with osteoarthritis knee according to European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification knee OA. Age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded, pain and functional activities were assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), and depression, anxiety and stress scales-21 (DASS-21) was used for stress, anxiety, and depression. Results: The 108 patients with osteoarthritis knee were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 55.92±0.8 years, and the mean BMI was 27.24±0.4 kg/m2. The majority of patients with knee OA had typical levels of stress (64.75%), anxiety (39.57%), and depression (50.36%). There was mild to severe degrees of stress (17.27–10.79%), anxiety (9.35–22.30%), and depression (20.14–22.30%). Anxiety had a higher prevalence of severe to extremely severe cases (28.78%) than depression (11.52%) and stress (7.19%), indicating the psychological load experienced by a subgroup of patients. Conclusions: According to the findings, to maximize patient care and rehabilitation, psychological support, especially for anxiety, should be incorporated into the treatment of KOA

A cross-sectional analytical survey on ACL depressive syndrome at a tertiary care hospital

Background: One of the most prevalent and incapacitating injuries affecting active people is an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. There is evidence of the physical effects of ACL injuries, but there is now growing evidence of the psychological toll, which is referred to as ACL depressive syndrome. The purpose was to evaluate the relationship between pain functional activities (WOMAC) and depression and overall health in individuals with ACL injuries. Methods: 50 Patients diagnosed with ACL injury, aged 15-45, were screened who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study after giving consent to the Department of Orthopaedics. The patients were asked questions related to their activities of daily life and mental health, including depression. Results: The study found a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between WOMAC scores and the Pain subdomain of the SF-36 (R=0.30, p=0.034). All other correlations, including WOMAC with PHQ-9 and other SF-36 dimensions, were weak and not statistically significant. Conclusions: The study indicates substantial differences in emotional (p=0.03) and general health (p=0.00) as critical emphasis areas, whereas other indicators had a minor effect on quality of life