Potential process 'hurdles' in the use of macroalgae as feedstock for biofuel production in the British Isles

This review examines the potential technical and energy balance hurdles in the production of seaweed biofuel, and particular for the MacroBioCrude processing pipeline for the sustainable manufacture of liquid hydrocarbon fuels from seaweed in the UK. The production of biofuel from seaweed is economically, energetically and technically challenging at scale. Any successful process appears to require both a method of preserving the seaweed for continuous feedstock availability and a method exploiting the entire biomass. Ensiling and gasification offer a potential solution to these two requirements. However there is need for more data particularly at a commercial scal

Two Proof Methods For The Grafcet Language

: In this paper, we present two different methods to make proofs on the GRAFCET language. The first one is based on Transition Systems and the second one uses Polynomial Dynamical Systems. Theoretical and pratical aspects are presented. Key Words: Proof methods, GRAFCET, Transition Systems, Polynomial Dynamical Systems, Synchronous Methodology. 1. INTRODUCTION The proof of programs has become a new challenge for computer scientists. Indeed, it is no more sufficient to propose programming environments with nice ManMachine Interfaces and powerful tools, if the written programs can not be checked and formally proved. This requirement will be, in the next years, necessary in some particular fields such as aeronautics, industrial processes or real-time systems. Several proof tools over Transition Systems or Polynomial Dynamical Systems have been developped. We have applied some of its results to the programming language GRAFCET. After an overview of this language, we present two diff..