3,072 research outputs found
Labour outcomes in advanced maternal age
Background: Advanced maternal age has been traditionally defined as age >35 years at delivery, although some authors have used the age limits 40and even 44 years.Regardless of what is the cutoff for advanced maternal age, pregnancies in women aged >35 years are considered at risk of both obstetric complications and interventions.Methods: Study design: retrospective study. The present study is a type of research article which was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Cama Hospital, Mumbai from October 2021 to January 2022, 50 postnatal mothers with age more than or equal to 35 were selected.Results: About 50 women participated in this study and most of them belonged between the age group of 30-35 years of age. Most of the women were multipara. Most of them had postpartum hemorrhage as the most common post-delivery complication.Conclusions: Early ANC registration, regular ANC visits and adequate intrapartum fetal surveillance is essential to prevent adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in advanced maternal age.
Diagnostic accuracy of TB-LAMP for pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND:The need for a rapid, molecular test to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) has prompted exploration of TB-LAMP (Eiken; Tokyo, Japan) for use in resource-limited settings. We conducted a systematic review to assess the accuracy of TB-LAMP as a diagnostic test for pulmonary TB. METHODS:We analyzed individual-level data for eligible patients from all studies of TB-LAMP conducted between Jan 2012 and October 2015 to compare the diagnostic accuracy of TB-LAMP with that of smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF® using 3 reference standards of varying stringency. Pooled sensitivity and specificity and pooled differences in sensitivity and specificity were estimated using random effects meta-analysis. Study quality was evaluated using QUADAS-2. RESULTS:Four thousand seven hundred sixty individuals across 13 studies met eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was judged to be low for all studies. TB-LAMP had higher sensitivity than sputum smear microscopy (pooled sensitivity difference + 13·2, 95% CI 4·5-21·9%) and similar sensitivity to Xpert MTB/RIF (pooled sensitivity difference - 2·5, 95% CI -8·0 to + 2·9) using the most stringent reference standard available. Specificity of TB-LAMP was similar to that of sputum smear microscopy (pooled specificity difference - 1·8, 95% CI -3·8 to + 0·2) and Xpert MTB/RIF (pooled specificity difference 0·5, 95% CI -0·9 to + 1·8). CONCLUSIONS:From the perspective of diagnostic accuracy, TB-LAMP may be considered as an alternative test for sputum smear microscopy. Additional factors such as cost, feasibility, and acceptability in settings that continue to rely on sputum smear microscopy should be considered when deciding to adopt this technology. Xpert MTB/RIF should continue to be preferred in settings where resource and infrastructure requirements are adequate and where HIV co-infection or drug-resistance is of concern
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF HYBRID FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM USING STEEL AND POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FIBER
      Fiber reinforcement is commonly used to provide toughness and ductility to cementitious matrix which is brittle in nature. Reinforcement of concrete with a single type of fiber may improve the desired properties of a composites to a limited level, whereas hybrid fiber is a combination of two or more types of fibers which are rationally combined to produce a composite that derives high benefits and exhibits a synergetic response. The aim of this investigation is to determine the addition of optimum dosage level of fibre in concrete. By having the optimum dosage level, beams are casted to determine the structural behaviour of HFRC. The hybrid fibers used are Steel Fiber (Crimped) in shape and PolyVinyl Alcohol Fiber. HFRC specimens are casted for 1% volume fraction. As a result of this investigation the structural performance such as ductility factor, stiffness and energy absorption capacity has significant improvement compared to conventional concrete
Digitized archive of the Kodaikanal images: Representative results of solar cycle variation from sunspot area determination
Photographic images are valuable data resources for studying long term
changes in the solar magnetic field and its influence on the Earth's climate
and weather.
We digitized more than 100 years of white light images stored in photographic
plates and films that are available at Kodaikanal observatory starting from
1904. The digitized images were calibrated for relative plate density and
aligned in such a way that the solar north is in upward direction. A
semi-automated sunspot detection technique was used to identify the sunspots on
the digitized images. In addition to describing the calibration procedure and
availability of the data, we here present preliminary results on the sunspot
area measurements and their variation with time. The results show that the
white-light images have a uniform spatial resolution throughout the 90 years of
observations. However, the contrast of the images decreases from 1968 onwards.
The images are circular and do not show any major geometrical distortions. The
measured monthly averaged sunspot areas closely match the Greenwich sunspot
area over the four solar cycles studied here. The yearly averaged sunspot area
shows a high degree of correlation with the Greenwich sunspot area. Though the
monthly averaged sunspot number shows a good correlation with the monthly
averaged sunspot areas, there is a slight anti-correlation between the two
during solar maximum The Kodaikanal data archive is hosted at
http://kso.iiap.res.in. The long time sequence of the Kodaikanal white light
images provides a consistent data set for sunspot areas and other proxies. Many
studies can be performed using Kodaikanal data alone without requiring
intercalibration between different data sources.Comment: 9 pages, A&A(accepted
Ab initio Wannier-function-based correlated calculations of Born effective charges of crystalline LiO and LiCl
In this paper we have used our recently developed ab initio
Wannier-function-based methodology to perform extensive Hartree-Fock and
correlated calculations on LiO and LiCl to compute their Born effective
charges. Results thus obtained are in very good agreement with the experiments.
In particular, for the case of LiO, we resolve a controversy originating
in the experiment of Osaka and Shindo {[}Solid State Commun. 51 (1984) 421] who
had predicted the effective charge of Li ions to be in the range 0.58--0.61, a
value much smaller compared to its nominal value of unity, thereby, suggesting
that the bonding in the material could be partially covalent. We demonstrate
that effective charge computed by Osaka and Shindo is the Szigeti charge, and
once the Born charge is computed, it is in excellent agreement with our
computed value. Mulliken population analysis of LiO also confirms ionic
nature of the bonding in the substance.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure. To appear in Phys. Rev. B (Feb 2008
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